Solar vapor generation is emerging as a promising technology using solar energy for various applications including desalination and freshwater production.However,from the viewpoints of industrial and academic research...Solar vapor generation is emerging as a promising technology using solar energy for various applications including desalination and freshwater production.However,from the viewpoints of industrial and academic research,it remains challenging to prepare low-cost and high-efficiency photothermal materials.In this work,we report the controlled carbonization of polypropylene(PP)using NiO and poly(ionic liquid)(PIL)as combined catalysts to prepare a Ni/carbon nanomaterial(Ni/CNM).The morphology and textural property of Ni/CNM are modulated by adding a trace amount of PIL.Ni/CNM consists of cup-stacked carbon nanotubes(CS-CNTs)and pear-shaped metallic Ni nanoparticles.Due to the synergistic effect of Ni and CS-CNTs in solar absorption,Ni/CNM possesses an excellent property of photothermal conversion.Meanwhile,Ni/CNM with a high specific surface area and rich micro-/meso-/macropores constructs a threedimensional(3 D)porous network for efficient water supply and vapor channels.Thanks to high solar absorption,fast water transport,and low thermal conductivity,Ni/CNM exhibits a high water evaporation rate of 1.67 kg m^-2 h^-1,a solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency of 94.9%,and an excellent stability for 10 cycles.It also works well when converting dyecontaining water,seawater,and oil/water emulsion into healthy drinkable water.The metallic ion removal efficiency of seawater is 99.99%,and the dye removal efficiency is>99.9%.More importantly,it prevails over the-state-of-art carbonbased photothermal materials in solar energy-driven vapor generation.This work not only proposes a new sustainable approach to convert waste polymers into advanced metal/carbon hybrids,but also contributes to the fields of solar energy utilization and seawater desalination.展开更多
This work presents NiS/graphene/carbon nanotube （NiS/GNS/CNT） composites as electrode material for the supercapacitor application in sea flashing signal systems. NiS nanosheets were closely anchored on the conductiv...This work presents NiS/graphene/carbon nanotube （NiS/GNS/CNT） composites as electrode material for the supercapacitor application in sea flashing signal systems. NiS nanosheets were closely anchored on the conductive GNS-CNT networks. As a result, the NiS/GNS/CNT electrode showed a high specific capacitance of 2 377 F.g^-1 at 2 mV.s^-1 and good cycling stability compared with the pure NiS （1 599F.g^-1）. The enhanced electrochemical performances are attributed to the synergetic effect between the conductive carbon and the pseudo-capacitive NiS. The high performance supercapacitor may provide application in the sea flashing signal system.展开更多
Ni/α-Al2O3 catalysts were found to be active in the temperature range 600 ～ 900℃ for both CO2 reforming and partial oxidation of methane.The effects of Ni loading,reaction temperature and feed gas ratio for the com...Ni/α-Al2O3 catalysts were found to be active in the temperature range 600 ～ 900℃ for both CO2 reforming and partial oxidation of methane.The effects of Ni loading,reaction temperature and feed gas ratio for the combination of CO2 reforming and partial oxidation of CH4 over Ni/α-Al2O3 were investigated.Catalysts of xwt%Ni/α-Al2O3（x=2.5,5,8 and 12） were prepared by wet impregnating the calcined support with a solution of nickel nitrate.XRD patterns and activity tests have verified that the 5wt%Ni/α-Al2O3 was the most active catalyst,as compared with the other prepared catalyst samples.An increase of the Ni loading to more than 5wt% led to a reduction in the Ni dispersion.In addition,by combining the endothermic carbon dioxide reforming reaction with the exothermic partial oxidation reaction,the loss of catalyst activity with time on stream was reduced with the amount of oxygen added to the feed.展开更多
A carbon nanotube-supported NiP amorphous catalyst （NiP/CNT） was prepared by induced reduction. Benzene hydrogenation was used as a probe reaction for the study of catalytic activity. The effects of the support on t...A carbon nanotube-supported NiP amorphous catalyst （NiP/CNT） was prepared by induced reduction. Benzene hydrogenation was used as a probe reaction for the study of catalytic activity. The effects of the support on the activity and thermal stability of the supported catalyst were discussed based on various characterizations, including XRD, TEM, ICP, XPS, H2-TPD, and DTA. In comparison with the NiP amorphous alloy, the benzene conversion on NiP/CNT catalyst was lower, but the specific activity of NiP/CNT was higher, which is attributed to the dispersion produced by the support, an electron-donating effect, and the hydrogen-storage ability of CNT. The NiP/CNT thermal stability was improved because of the dispersion and electronic effects and the good heat-conduction ability of the CNT support.展开更多
Toxic Cu(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) ions in aqueous solutions were adsorbed by microporous activated carbon(AC). The adsorption isotherm and kinetics correlation coefficients indicate that the adsorption of Cu(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) ions...Toxic Cu(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) ions in aqueous solutions were adsorbed by microporous activated carbon(AC). The adsorption isotherm and kinetics correlation coefficients indicate that the adsorption of Cu(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) ions on the AC fits the pseudo second-order rate model and Langmuir adsorption model. The used AC adsorbents containing the adsorbed Cu and Ni ions were used as colorant in glass preparation. The coloration effect of Cu ions was influenced by the carbon absorbent included in the glass batch due to the reduction phenomenon, while the coloration of Ni ions was not affected.展开更多
基金supported by the Initiatory Financial Support from the Huazhong University of Science and Technology(3004013134)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51903099)+1 种基金the Opening Fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure(2019MCF01)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Solar vapor generation is emerging as a promising technology using solar energy for various applications including desalination and freshwater production.However,from the viewpoints of industrial and academic research,it remains challenging to prepare low-cost and high-efficiency photothermal materials.In this work,we report the controlled carbonization of polypropylene(PP)using NiO and poly(ionic liquid)(PIL)as combined catalysts to prepare a Ni/carbon nanomaterial(Ni/CNM).The morphology and textural property of Ni/CNM are modulated by adding a trace amount of PIL.Ni/CNM consists of cup-stacked carbon nanotubes(CS-CNTs)and pear-shaped metallic Ni nanoparticles.Due to the synergistic effect of Ni and CS-CNTs in solar absorption,Ni/CNM possesses an excellent property of photothermal conversion.Meanwhile,Ni/CNM with a high specific surface area and rich micro-/meso-/macropores constructs a threedimensional(3 D)porous network for efficient water supply and vapor channels.Thanks to high solar absorption,fast water transport,and low thermal conductivity,Ni/CNM exhibits a high water evaporation rate of 1.67 kg m^-2 h^-1,a solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency of 94.9%,and an excellent stability for 10 cycles.It also works well when converting dyecontaining water,seawater,and oil/water emulsion into healthy drinkable water.The metallic ion removal efficiency of seawater is 99.99%,and the dye removal efficiency is>99.9%.More importantly,it prevails over the-state-of-art carbonbased photothermal materials in solar energy-driven vapor generation.This work not only proposes a new sustainable approach to convert waste polymers into advanced metal/carbon hybrids,but also contributes to the fields of solar energy utilization and seawater desalination.
基金Foundation item： Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 51077014, 21003028 and 51202043）： the Fundamental Research funds for the Central Universities, the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University （NCET-10-0050）, and the Excellent Youth Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China.
文摘This work presents NiS/graphene/carbon nanotube （NiS/GNS/CNT） composites as electrode material for the supercapacitor application in sea flashing signal systems. NiS nanosheets were closely anchored on the conductive GNS-CNT networks. As a result, the NiS/GNS/CNT electrode showed a high specific capacitance of 2 377 F.g^-1 at 2 mV.s^-1 and good cycling stability compared with the pure NiS （1 599F.g^-1）. The enhanced electrochemical performances are attributed to the synergetic effect between the conductive carbon and the pseudo-capacitive NiS. The high performance supercapacitor may provide application in the sea flashing signal system.
文摘Ni/α-Al2O3 catalysts were found to be active in the temperature range 600 ～ 900℃ for both CO2 reforming and partial oxidation of methane.The effects of Ni loading,reaction temperature and feed gas ratio for the combination of CO2 reforming and partial oxidation of CH4 over Ni/α-Al2O3 were investigated.Catalysts of xwt%Ni/α-Al2O3（x=2.5,5,8 and 12） were prepared by wet impregnating the calcined support with a solution of nickel nitrate.XRD patterns and activity tests have verified that the 5wt%Ni/α-Al2O3 was the most active catalyst,as compared with the other prepared catalyst samples.An increase of the Ni loading to more than 5wt% led to a reduction in the Ni dispersion.In addition,by combining the endothermic carbon dioxide reforming reaction with the exothermic partial oxidation reaction,the loss of catalyst activity with time on stream was reduced with the amount of oxygen added to the feed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20263003)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi province (No. 0250009)
文摘A carbon nanotube-supported NiP amorphous catalyst （NiP/CNT） was prepared by induced reduction. Benzene hydrogenation was used as a probe reaction for the study of catalytic activity. The effects of the support on the activity and thermal stability of the supported catalyst were discussed based on various characterizations, including XRD, TEM, ICP, XPS, H2-TPD, and DTA. In comparison with the NiP amorphous alloy, the benzene conversion on NiP/CNT catalyst was lower, but the specific activity of NiP/CNT was higher, which is attributed to the dispersion produced by the support, an electron-donating effect, and the hydrogen-storage ability of CNT. The NiP/CNT thermal stability was improved because of the dispersion and electronic effects and the good heat-conduction ability of the CNT support.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51372102)
文摘Toxic Cu(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) ions in aqueous solutions were adsorbed by microporous activated carbon(AC). The adsorption isotherm and kinetics correlation coefficients indicate that the adsorption of Cu(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) ions on the AC fits the pseudo second-order rate model and Langmuir adsorption model. The used AC adsorbents containing the adsorbed Cu and Ni ions were used as colorant in glass preparation. The coloration effect of Cu ions was influenced by the carbon absorbent included in the glass batch due to the reduction phenomenon, while the coloration of Ni ions was not affected.
