Preparation and Tribological Properties of Ni-P Electroless Composite Coating Containing Potassium Titanate Whisker

Nickel-phosphorus （Ni-P） composite coatings containing potassium titanate （K2Ti6O13） whiskers （PTWs） were prepared by electroless plating. The surface morphology and component of coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, respectively before and after wear test. The tribological performance was evaluated using a pin-on-disk wear tester under dry conditions. It is found that the Ni-P-PTWs composite coatings exhibit higher wear resistance than Ni-P and Ni-P-SiC electroless coatings. The favorable effects of PTWs on the tribological properties of the composite coatings are attributed to the super-strong mechanical properties and the specific tunneling structures of PTWs. The PTWs greatly reinforce the structure of the Ni-P-based composite coatings and thereby greatly reduce the adhesive and plough wear of Ni-P-PTWs composite coatings.

PROCESS AND PROPERTIES OF ELECTROLESS PLATING RE-Ni-B-SiC COMPOSITE COATINGS

Technology and properties of electroless composite RE-Ni-B-SiC coatings have been investigated.Results show that stabilizer plys a decisive role in electroless composite Ni-B-SiC,the addition of appropriate quantity of RE(rare earth) into the Ni-B-SiC bath not only increases SiC content in composite coatings,their hardness and wear resistance but also improves crystalline fineness,Wear resistance increases with the increase of SiC.Hardness and wear resistance of composite coatings reach peak values a fter heat treatment at 4OO and 500℃ for 1h respectively.

Electroless plating Ni-P matrix composite coating reinforced by carbon nanotubes

Ni-P matrix composite coating reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was deposit ed by electroless plating. The most important factors that influence the content of carbon nanotubes in deposits,such as agitation,surfactant and carbon nanot ubes concentration in the plating bath were investigated. The surface morphology,structure and properties of the Ni-P-CNTs coating were examined. It is found that the maximum content of carbon nanotubes in the deposits is independent of carbon nanotubes concentration in the plating bath when it is up to 5 mg/L. The test results show that the carbon nanotubes co-deposited do not change the str ucture of the Ni-P matrix of the composite coating,but greatly increase the ha rdness and wear resistance and decrease the friction coefficient of the Ni-P-C NTs composite coating with increasing content of carbon nanotubes in deposits.

Preparation and tribological performances of Ni-P-multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite coatings

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWNTs） were wet-milled in the presence of ammonia and cationic surfactant and then used as reinforcements to prepare Ni-P-MWNTs composite coatings by electroless plating. The tribological performances of the composite coatings under dry condition were investigated in comparison with 45 steel and conventional Ni-P coating, Micrographs show that short MWNTs with uniform length and open tips were obtained through the wet-milling process. The results of wear test reveal that the Ni-P-MWNTs composite coatings posses much better friction reduction and anti-wear performances when compared with 45 steel and Ni-P coating. Within the MWNTs content range of 0.74%-1.97%, the friction coefficient and the volume wear rate of the composite coatings decrease gradually and reach the minimum values of 0.08 and 6.22x10-15 m3/（N.m）, respectively. The excellent tribological performances of the composite coatings can be attributed to the introduction of MWNTs, which play both roles of reinforcements and solid lubricant during the wear process.

ELECTROLESS PLATING COMPOSITE COATINGS OF Ni-Ti-Re ON THE SURFACE OF DIAMOND

The coating of Ni W P was deposited as base layer, and then the composite coating of Ni Ti(particles) Re(rare earth) was deposited subsequently on the surface of diamond using electroless plating by adding 2～3 μm Ti particles and trace rare earth salt to bath solution. Ti particles deposited on the surface of diamond were found by SEM and formation of TiC was verified by X ray diffraction analysis after heat treatment of the coatings in vacuum at 900 ℃. The binding strength between the coated diamond and the metal matrix was improved effectively in the diamond composite based on metal cement.

Preparation and characterization of molybdenum powders with copper coating by the electroless plating technique

Molybdenum powders with a diameter of approximately 3 μn were coated with copper using the electroless plating technique in the pH 12.5-13 and temperature range of 55-75℃. The optimization of the electroless copper bath was evaluated through the combination of process parameters like pH and temperature. The optimized values ofpH and temperature were found to be 12.5 and 60℃, respectively, which attributes to the bright maroon color of the coating with an increase in weight of 46%. The uncoated and coated powders were subjected to microstructural studies using scanning electron microscope （SEM） and the phases were analyzed using X-my diffrction （XRD）. An attempt was made to understand the growth mechanism of the coating. The diffusion-shrinkage autocatalytic model was suggested for copper growth on the molybdenum surface.

Microstructure and Corrosive Property of Ni-P/nano-CeO_2 Coating Electrolessly Prepared in Acidic Condition

Electroless Ni-P/nano-CeO2 composite coating was prepared in acidic condition, and its microstructure and corrosive property were compared with its CeO2-free counterpart. Scanning electronic microscopy （SEM）, transmission electronic microscopy （TEM） and differential scanning calorimeter （DSC） were used to examine surface morphology and microstructure of the coating. Aqueous corrosion was done in 3%NaCl＋5%H2SO4 solution and high temperature oxidation was done at 750 ℃ in air. The results showed that Ni-P coating had partial amorphous structure mixed with nano-crystals, while the Ni-P/CeO2 coating had perfect amorphous structure. At high temperature, Ni3P precipitation and Ni crystallization took place in both coatings at different temperatures. Aqueous corrosion property and high temperature oxidation property of the composite coating were remarkably improved due to the coating＇s microstructure change and the rare earth doping effect. During the co-deposition process, some Ce^n＋（n=3, 4） ions may be adsorbed to metal/solution interface and hinder nickel deposition. Ni-P/CeO2 coating＇s perfect amorphous structure results from the hindered crystal-typed deposition of nickel and the promoted deposition of phosphorous.

Influence of pH values on electroless Ni-P-SiC plating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

A novel Ni-P-SiC composite coating was prepared by electroless plating in order to improve the corrosion capacity and wear resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy.The influence of pH values on deposition rates and properties of the coatings was studied.The microstructure and phase structure of the Ni-P-SiC coatings were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X-ray diffractometry(XRD).The corrosion and wear resistance performances of the coatings were also investigated through electrochemical technique and pin-on-disk tribometer,respectively.The results indicate that the composite coating is composed of Ni, P and SiC.It exhibits an amorphous structure and good adhesion to the substrate.The coatings have higher open circuit potential than that of the substrate.The composite coating obtained at pH value of 5.2 possesses optimal integrated properties,which shows similar corrosion resistance and ascendant wear resistance properties to the substrate.

化学镀Ni-P-SiC复合镀层的研究

采用化学复合镀工艺,成功地制备出了不同颗粒含量的Ni-P-SiC复合镀层,SiC颗粒均匀分布于镍磷合金基质中.复合镀层的镀态硬度随颗粒的复合量增加成线性上升;经400℃,1h热处理后,复合镀层硬度得到进一步提高,最大硬度为HV_(50)1435.磨损试验表明,400℃,1h热处理后,复合镀层磨损率只有相同磷含量镍磷镀层的30％,其耐磨性能比中碳钢提高了近一个数量级.

化学复合镀制备Ni-P-SiC包覆立方氮化硼的机理研究

采用化学复合镀方法,制备了Ni-P-SiC包覆cBN磨料,通过SEM、EDX和XRD方法对制备的磨料进行了表征。分析了复合镀层的表面形貌、元素组成和物相结构,研究了复合镀层的沉积机理与胞状物的生长过程。SiC微粒与镀层的结合方式可能有三种,只有SiC微粒在镀液中完全被活化,才有可能被Ni-P合金牢固包覆,不至于被流动的镀液冲刷下来。

化学镀Ni-P-SiC镀层的微观组织结构特征

对化学镀Ni P SiC复合镀层的微观组织结构特征进行了研究 ,结果表明 ,SiC微粒弥散分布在复合镀层中 ,Ni P合金主要作为粘结金属包络着SiC微粒 ,两者之间存在电子转移 ,发生了界面反应 ,反应扩散层为 10 - 1nm级 ,界面结合紧密 ,无孔隙和裂纹等缺陷。元素存在形态主要表现为Ni和P以单质的形式存在 ,Si以共价健SiC的形式存在 ,Ni

碳纤维表面化学复合镀Ni-P-SiC镀层的形貌及性能

为了同时改善碳纤维与金属铝基体之间的润湿性和分散性,采用化学复合镀的方法在碳纤维上制备Ni-P-SiC复合镀层。通过扫描电子显微镜观察镀层表面和截面形貌,通过单纤维电子强力测试仪分析Ni-P镀层和Ni-P-SiC镀层力学性能,采用同步热分析仪分析Ni-P镀层和Ni-P-SiC镀层的氧化性能。结果表明:Ni-P-SiC镀层的抗拉强度比Ni-P镀层的抗拉强度稍低,但Ni-P-SiC镀层的形状参数m对比Ni-P的形状参数m提高了8.45%,材料的可靠性提高;对比出现最大放热峰的温度,Ni-P-SiC镀层比Ni-P镀层的出现温度高130℃,Ni-P-SiC镀层的抗氧化性明显提高;通过Ni-P-SiC镀层改性后的碳纤维在铝基中分散性明显提高,减少了碳纤维的聚集。Ni-P-SiC镀层有效解决了高温条件下碳纤维与铝基复合的难题。

铸铁表面化学沉积Ni-P镀层和Ni-P-SiC复合镀层的耐磨性研究

作者利用化学沉积法在低合金铸铁表面分别制取了Ni-P镀层和Ni-P-SiC复合镀层,并就两者的耐磨性与铸铁、磷化处理表面及Cr镀层的进行了对比试验研究。结果表明,Ni-P镀层的耐磨性比铸铁及磷化处理的好,但比Cr镀层和Ni-P-SiC复合镀层的差,并以后者的为最佳。

Mg_2B_2O_5晶须增强AZ91D镁基复合材料表面Ni-P-SiC化学镀层的耐蚀性与SiC含量的关系

有关Ni-P-Si C复合镀层耐蚀性的研究不多。为此,在Mg2B2O5晶须增强AZ91D镁基复合材料表面化学镀Ni-P-Si C层。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、电子探针(EPMA)、电化学方法研究了镀液中纳米Si C含量对镀层表面形貌、成分、耐蚀性、结合力的影响。结果表明:纳米Si C颗粒的加入细化了镀层晶粒,造成了镀层疏松,随着镀液中Si C浓度的增加,复合镀层的耐蚀性逐渐降低,但对基体仍有保护作用,Si C浓度为2 g/L时耐蚀性较佳,且镀层与基体结合良好。

不同载荷下镀镍石墨-铜基复合材料的载流摩擦性能

首先采用化学镀的方法在石墨表面镀Ni,随后采用快速热压方法制备10 mass%镀Ni石墨-铜基复合材料。在不同载荷下对复合材料开展了载流摩擦实验,采用扫描电镜观察了复合材料的磨损表面形貌,进而从磨损表面形貌特征分析其损伤机制。结果表明:在石墨表面成功镀覆了致密且均匀的Ni金属层,化学镀镍有效改善了石墨和铜之间的润湿性;镀镍石墨-铜基复合材料的相组成为石墨和铜基体两相,石墨在铜基体中呈弥散分布,未形成连续网状结构;随载荷的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数逐渐降低,磨痕宽度和磨损率逐渐升高,载流效率和载流稳定性逐渐下降;在低载荷下(20和40 N),复合材料的损伤机制以显微切削为主;随着载荷的增加(60和80 N),电侵蚀加剧,成为主要的损伤机制。

镀液中SiC含量和粒径对Ni-P-SiC复合化学镀层性能的影响

采用化学镀方法制备了Ni P SiC复合镀层 ,系统研究了镀液中SiC含量和粒径对镀层结构及显微硬度的影响。结果表明 ,镀层中SiC析出量随镀液中SiC含量的增加而增加 ,在SiC含量一定的情况下 ,当SiC粒径为 7.0 μm时 ,析出量最大 ;镀液中SiC的含量和粒度对原始镀层的硬度影响不大 ,但对 4 0

Ni-P-SiC-MoS_2化学复合镀层的组织结构及耐磨性能

在Ni-P化学镀液中添加第二相粒子可提高镀层性能,但目前已有的此类研究中镀层性能还不甚理想。在35CrNi钢基体上沉积了Ni-P-SiC-MoS2复合镀层,借助扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪、显微硬度计、磨损试验机等分析了复合镀层的表面形貌、成分、硬度及耐磨性。结果表明:Ni-P-SiC-MoS2镀层为非晶态结构;镀层硬度随SiC和MoS2混合微粒含量的增加而增加,随热处理温度的升高先升后略降;添加SiC和MoS2的混合微粒6g/L的镀层摩擦磨损性能最好。

镀液中SiC的质量浓度对化学镀Ni-P-SiC复合镀层性能的影响

研究了镀液中SiC的质量浓度对化学镀Ni-P-SiC复合镀层中SiC的质量分数、表面形貌、镀速、耐蚀性、硬度、孔隙率及耐磨性的影响,并考察了稀土对镀层性能的影响。结果表明:随着镀液中SiC的质量浓度的增加,镀层中SiC的质量分数先增大后减小;当镀液中SiC的质量浓度过高时,镀层中会出现SiC微粒团聚的现象;化学镀Ni-P-SiC复合镀层的耐蚀性优于化学镀Ni-P合金镀层的耐蚀性;当镀液中SiC的质量浓度为8g/L时,镀层具有较高的硬度和较好的耐磨性;向镀液中添加适量的氧化铈可以细化镀层晶粒。

化学镀Ni-P-SiC复合镀层的组织性能

对Ni-P-SiC化学复合镀层的组织性能进行了详细地研究。首先,用EDS-SEM研究了复合镀层的成分及形貌;用XRD分析了热处理后复合镀层的相组成,然后对复合镀层的硬度和耐磨性进行了系统的测定与分析。结果表明:镀液中适量的SiC及400C×1h热处理,可使复合镀层具有最大的显微硬度和最佳的耐磨性。

化学镀Ni-P镀层耐蚀性的研究进展

文章通过介绍化学镀Ni-P反应机理、耐蚀性机理和镀层封孔技术等理论知识,同时对化学镀Ni-P技术的稀土催化、多元金属共沉积和多层复合三大趋势进行了归纳,并对化学镀Ni-P技术未来的发展进行了展望。