Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloys(SMAs)have found widespread use in the last 70 years,but improving their functional stability remains a key quest for more robust and advanced applications.Named for their ability to ret...Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloys(SMAs)have found widespread use in the last 70 years,but improving their functional stability remains a key quest for more robust and advanced applications.Named for their ability to retain their processed shape as a result of a reversible martensitic transformation,SMAs are highly sensitive to compositional variations.Alloying with ternary and quaternary elements to finetune the lattice parameters and the thermal hysteresis of an SMA,therefore,becomes a challenge in materials exploration.Combinatorial materials science allows streamlining of the synthesis process and data management from multiple characterization techniques.In this study,a composition spread of Ni-Ti-Cu-V thin-film library was synthesized by magnetron co-sputtering on a thermally oxidized Si wafer.Composition-dependent phase transformation temperature and microstructure were investigated and determined using high-throughput wavelength dispersive spectroscopy,synchrotron X-ray diffraction,and temperature-dependent resistance measurements.Of the 177 compositions in the materials library,32 were observed to have shape memory effect,of which five had zero or near-zero thermal hysteresis.These compositions provide flexibility in the operating temperature regimes that they can be used in.A phase map for the quaternary system and correlations of functional properties are discussed w让h respect to the local microstructure and composition of the thin-film library.展开更多
以微波消解–ICP–OES法测定难分解不锈钢和中低合金钢中Cr，Ni，Mn，V，Ti，Cu，Mo的含量。样品经6 mL稀王水和0.5 mL HF微波消解处理后，用带有耐HF进样系统的ICP–OES仪测定试样中多种元素。在优化仪器分析参数和消除基体及共存元素...以微波消解–ICP–OES法测定难分解不锈钢和中低合金钢中Cr，Ni，Mn，V，Ti，Cu，Mo的含量。样品经6 mL稀王水和0.5 mL HF微波消解处理后，用带有耐HF进样系统的ICP–OES仪测定试样中多种元素。在优化仪器分析参数和消除基体及共存元素的干扰后，各待测元素的检出限为0.0009%～0.0099%，校准工作曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.999，相对标准偏差为0.27%～1.50%（n=6）。该方法适用于难分解不锈钢和中低合金钢中7种元素含量的日常检测。展开更多
There are two types of temporally and spatially associated intrusions within the Emeishan large igneous province （LIP）; namely, small ultramafic subvolcanic sills that host magmatic Cu-Ni-Platinum Group Element （PG...There are two types of temporally and spatially associated intrusions within the Emeishan large igneous province （LIP）; namely, small ultramafic subvolcanic sills that host magmatic Cu-Ni-Platinum Group Element （PGE）-bearing sulfide deposits and large mafic layered intrusions that host giant Ti-V magnetite deposits in the Panxi region. However, except for their coeval ages, the genetic relations between the ore-bearing intrusions and extrusive rocks are poorly understood. Phase equilibria analysis （Q-PI-OI-Opx-Cpx system） has been carried out to elucidate whether ore-bearing Panzhihua, Xinjie and Limahe intrusions are co-magmatic with the picrites and flood basalts （including high-Ti, low-Ti and alkali basalts）, respectively. In this system, the parental magma can be classified as silica-undersaturated olivine basalt and silica-saturated tholeiite. The equivalents of the parental magma of the Xinjie and Limahe peridotites and picrites and low-Ti basalts are silica-undersaturated, whereas the Limahe gabbro-diorites and high-Ti basalts are silica-saturated. In contrast, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be alkali character. Phase equilibria relations clearly show that the magmas that formed the Panzhihua intrusion and high-Ti basalts cannot be co-magmatic as there is no way to derive one liquid from another by fractional crystallization. On the other hand, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be related to Permian alkali intrusions in the region, but does not appear to be related to the alkali basalts recognized in the Longzhoushan lava stratigraphy. Comparably, the Limahe intrusion appears to be a genetic relation to the picrites, whereas the Xinjie intrusion may be genetically related to be low-Ti basalts. Additionally, the gabbro-diorites and peridotites of the Limahe intrusion are not co-magmatic, and the former appears to be derived liquid from high-Ti basalts.展开更多
基金The author thanks Tieren Gao,Peer Decker,Alan Savan,and Manfred Wuttig for fruitful discussions.The authors gratefully acknowledge funding support by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program(DGE 1322106).
文摘Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloys(SMAs)have found widespread use in the last 70 years,but improving their functional stability remains a key quest for more robust and advanced applications.Named for their ability to retain their processed shape as a result of a reversible martensitic transformation,SMAs are highly sensitive to compositional variations.Alloying with ternary and quaternary elements to finetune the lattice parameters and the thermal hysteresis of an SMA,therefore,becomes a challenge in materials exploration.Combinatorial materials science allows streamlining of the synthesis process and data management from multiple characterization techniques.In this study,a composition spread of Ni-Ti-Cu-V thin-film library was synthesized by magnetron co-sputtering on a thermally oxidized Si wafer.Composition-dependent phase transformation temperature and microstructure were investigated and determined using high-throughput wavelength dispersive spectroscopy,synchrotron X-ray diffraction,and temperature-dependent resistance measurements.Of the 177 compositions in the materials library,32 were observed to have shape memory effect,of which five had zero or near-zero thermal hysteresis.These compositions provide flexibility in the operating temperature regimes that they can be used in.A phase map for the quaternary system and correlations of functional properties are discussed w让h respect to the local microstructure and composition of the thin-film library.
文摘以微波消解–ICP–OES法测定难分解不锈钢和中低合金钢中Cr，Ni，Mn，V，Ti，Cu，Mo的含量。样品经6 mL稀王水和0.5 mL HF微波消解处理后，用带有耐HF进样系统的ICP–OES仪测定试样中多种元素。在优化仪器分析参数和消除基体及共存元素的干扰后，各待测元素的检出限为0.0009%～0.0099%，校准工作曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.999，相对标准偏差为0.27%～1.50%（n=6）。该方法适用于难分解不锈钢和中低合金钢中7种元素含量的日常检测。
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB421002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40473008,40273020,40572036)+1 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.NCET-04-0728)Project(B07011)and PCSIRT.
文摘There are two types of temporally and spatially associated intrusions within the Emeishan large igneous province （LIP）; namely, small ultramafic subvolcanic sills that host magmatic Cu-Ni-Platinum Group Element （PGE）-bearing sulfide deposits and large mafic layered intrusions that host giant Ti-V magnetite deposits in the Panxi region. However, except for their coeval ages, the genetic relations between the ore-bearing intrusions and extrusive rocks are poorly understood. Phase equilibria analysis （Q-PI-OI-Opx-Cpx system） has been carried out to elucidate whether ore-bearing Panzhihua, Xinjie and Limahe intrusions are co-magmatic with the picrites and flood basalts （including high-Ti, low-Ti and alkali basalts）, respectively. In this system, the parental magma can be classified as silica-undersaturated olivine basalt and silica-saturated tholeiite. The equivalents of the parental magma of the Xinjie and Limahe peridotites and picrites and low-Ti basalts are silica-undersaturated, whereas the Limahe gabbro-diorites and high-Ti basalts are silica-saturated. In contrast, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be alkali character. Phase equilibria relations clearly show that the magmas that formed the Panzhihua intrusion and high-Ti basalts cannot be co-magmatic as there is no way to derive one liquid from another by fractional crystallization. On the other hand, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be related to Permian alkali intrusions in the region, but does not appear to be related to the alkali basalts recognized in the Longzhoushan lava stratigraphy. Comparably, the Limahe intrusion appears to be a genetic relation to the picrites, whereas the Xinjie intrusion may be genetically related to be low-Ti basalts. Additionally, the gabbro-diorites and peridotites of the Limahe intrusion are not co-magmatic, and the former appears to be derived liquid from high-Ti basalts.
