EFFECT OF IRON ON FORMATION OF MECHANICALLY ALLOYED NiAl ALLOY AND ITS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Ternary Ni-Al-Fe alloys with different Fe-additions have been synthesized by mechan ical alloying.The results show that 5 and 10 at% Fe-additions prolong the milling time prior to the explosive formation of NiAl(Fe) compound, 15 at.% Fe-addition results in the formation of an 'amorphous-like' phase,20 at.% Fe-addition turns the final products to Ni(Al, Fe)supersaturated solid solution with fcc structure,and the increase of Fe-addition can speed up the formation of the solid solution.The addition of Fe improves the plastic deformation ability of the alloys.

Microstructures and Creep Behavior of a Directionally Solidified NiAl-Fe(Nb) Multiphase Intermetallic Alloy

The microstructure and creep behavior of a DS NiAI-Fe(Nb) multiphase intermetallic alloy have been investigated. This alloyexhibits dendritic structure, in which dendritic arm is β-(Ni,Fe)(Fe,Al) phase surrounded by interdendritic region of γ'/γ phase.The results of the creep test indicated that all of the creep curves have similar characteristic, which is a short primary creepstage and a dominant steady state creep stage, and the creep strain ranges from 18% to 52%. The apparent stress exponentand the apparent activation energy were analyzed and discussed. The mechanism of the creep deformation was also analyzedby the observation of TEM.

Microscopic phase-field simulation of atomic site occupation in ordering process of NiAl_9Fe_6 alloy

The process of γ(fcc)→γ(fcc)+γ'(L12)phase transformation was simulated by using microscopic phase-field method for the low supersaturation NiAl9Fe6 alloy.It is found that in the γ' phase,the ordering degree of Al atoms is obviously higher than that of Fe atoms,and the ordering of Al atoms precedes their clustering,while the case of Fe atoms is opposite.The α site is mainly occupied by Ni atoms,while the β site is occupied in common by Al,Fe and Ni atoms.At order-disorder interphase boundary,the ordering degree of Al atoms is higher than that of Fe atoms,and at the β site,the Fe atomic site occupation probabilities vary from high to low during ordering;the Al atomic site occupation probabilities are similar to those of Fe atoms,but their values are much higher than those of Fe atoms;Ni atoms are opposite to both of them.Meanwhile,during the ordering transformation,γ' phase is always a complex Ni3(AlFeNi)single-phase,and it is precipitated by the non-classical nucleation and growth style.Finally,in the alloy system,the volume of γ' ordered phase is less than that of γ phase,and the volume ratio of order to disorder is about 77%.

Effect of Sc on Al_(3)Fe phase and mechanical properties of as-cast AA5052 aluminum alloy

The AA5052 aluminum alloy is widely used in automobile and aerospace manufacturing,and with the development of light-weight alloys,it is required that these materials exhibit better mechanical properties.Previous studies have demonstrated that the addition of Sc to aluminum alloys can improve both the microstructure and properties of the alloys.In this study,the effect of Sc on the Fe-rich phase and properties of the AA5052 aluminum alloy was studied by adding 0%,0.05%,0.2%,and 0.3%Sc.The results show that with the increase of Sc,the coarse needle-like Fe-rich phase gradually transforms into Chinese-script and then nearly spherical particles,reduce the size of Fe-rich phase,and refine the grain with increase of high angle grain boundaries(HAGBs).These microstructure changes enhance the strength of the AA5052 alloy through Sc addition.The ductility of the alloy is obviously improved because the addition of a lower amount of Sc changes the morphology of Fe-rich phase from needle-like into a Chinese-script,and it is subsequently reduced as a result of significant increase in HAGBs with increasing Sc content.

Influence of thermomechanical treatment on recrystallization and softening resistance of Cu-6.5Fe-0.3Mg alloy

The recrystallization and softening resistance of a Cu-6.5Fe-0.3Mg(mass fraction,%)alloy prepared by Process 1(cold rolling heat treatment)and Process 2(hot/cold rolling heat treatment)were studied using Vickers hardness tests,tensile tests,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The softening temperature,hardness and tensile strength of the alloy prepared by Process 2 were 110°C,HV 15 and 114 MPa higher,respectively,than those of the alloy prepared by Process 1 after aging at 300°C.The recrystallization activation energy of the alloys prepared by Process 1 and Process 2 were 72.83 and 98.11 kJ/mol,respectively.The pinning effects of the precipitates of the two alloys on grain boundaries and dislocations were basically the same.The softening mechanism was mainly attributed to the loss of dislocation strengthening.The higher Fe fiber density inhibited the average free migration path of dislocations and grain boundary migration in the alloy,which was the main reason for higher softening temperature of the alloy prepared by Process 2.

EFFECT OF Ti-ADDITION ON MECHANICAL ALLOYING OF NiAl

Mechanical alloying (MA) of Ni50Al45Ti5 (atomic per cent) is studied by in situ thermal analyses, XRD and metallography. The results showed that the alloying process of Ni50Al45Ti5 is similar to that of Ni50Al50. The addition of 5 at.%Ti prolongs the milling time of alloy prior to the explosive reaction in the alloy. The final product is nanocrystalline β-phase NiAl(Ti) (B2 structure). The addition of 5 at.% Ti shows little effect on the lattice parameter of β-phase.

OXIDATION BEHAVIOR OF Ni_3Al AND NiAl ALLOYS CONTAINING Fe ADDITIONS

The isothermal oxidation behavior of Ni_3Al containtng 15 at.% Fe and NiAl containing 30 at.% Fe was studied for 100 h at 850, 950, 1050 and 1150℃, respectively. The results show that the oxidation kinetics of the two alloys obey a parabolic law at various temperatures and every parabolic curve possesses two oxidation rate constants. The morphology, microstructure and the chemical composition of the oxide scales were examined using optical metallography, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. The oxide scale of Ni_3Al containing 15 at.% Fe consists mainly of NiO, NiFe_2O_4, and FeAl_2O_4, and that of NiAl containing 30 at.% Fe consists of Fe_2O_3 and (Fe,Ni)Fe_2O_4, contrasting sharply to the oxide scales of pure Ni_3Al and NiAl which consist of Al_2O_3. The oxide scales on the surfaces of Ni_3Al and NiAl containing Fe are not too dense and not too cohesive to the matrix,so their oxidation resistance is not too good.

Cu-Fe合金凝固过程中结构变化研究

采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了Cu_(100-X)Fe_(X)(X=1%、3%、5%)合金在冷却速率为2×10^(10)K/s条件下合金凝固过程.研究表明,Fe含量为1%时,随着合金温度的降低Fe原子始终保持均匀分布的状态,未出现Fe原子聚集现象,晶体结构是以FCC为主的Cu基体,Fe原子以固溶形式存在于基体中.Fe含量为3%时,随着合金温度的降低Fe原子有聚集趋势,但BCC晶体结构占比较小,晶体结构仍是以FCC为主的Cu基体.Fe含量为5%,随着合金温度的降低Fe原子发生明显聚集,最终形成以FCC、HCP晶体类型为主镶嵌Fe原子的Cu基体.研究了Fe团簇的形成过程,结果表明,Fe团簇的形成、长大是一个连续的过程,该过程受形核生长机制控制,不同阶段形成Fe团簇的大小和数量受Fe-Fe原子相互作用力、Fe原子的扩散能力以及Fe团簇与Cu基体间的界面能三个因素共同影响.

NiAl-Fe金属间化合物超塑性的研究

本文研究了金属间化合物NiAl－Fe的超塑性行为及其机理结果表明：该合金的显微组织由β－NiAl相基体和γ－Ni无序固溶体相组成．在1123—1253K，1．04×10(－4)－1．04×10(－2)s(－1)拉伸变形时，表现超塑性行为．最大伸长率233％，超塑性变形试样的断口呈韧性特征，在断裂区没有空洞产生，通过SEM分析发现，γ相在变形过程中发生碎化。

Fe对NiAl力学性能影响的第一原理计算

采用第一原理赝势平面波方法,基于虚拟晶体势函数近似(VCA),计算Fe合金化(浓度x<3.0%,原子分数,下同)时完整与缺陷B2-NiAl晶体的弹性性质,并采用弹性常数C44、Cauchy压力参数(C12-C44)、杨氏模量E、剪切模量G及其与体模量B0的比值G/B0等,表征和评判Fe合金化浓度x对NiAl金属间化合物延性与硬度的影响。结果表明:无论是无缺陷的理想NiAl晶体,还是含Ni空位或Ni反位的NiAl缺陷晶体,x<0.6%的Fe合金化均可使其硬度大幅提高。Fe合金化浓度低于0.5%时,虽然完整NiAl晶体的延性变差,但含Ni空位的缺陷NiAl晶体的延性却可明显改善,并以x=0.2%～0.4%时韧化效果最好。Ni空位或Ni反位降低B2-NiAl晶体的本征延性。实验中0.20%～0.25%的Fe合金化对NiAl晶体延性的改善很可能源于Fe原子与NiAl晶体中Ni空位间的关联与协同作用。

Preparation of ultra-fine fibrous Fe-Ni alloy powder by coordinated co-precipitation-direct reduction process

The precursor prepared by coordinated co-precipitation was direct reduced by hydrogen to ultra-fine fibrous Fe-Ni alloy powder. The effects of concentrations of reactants, pH value, reaction temperature and additive on the preparation of precursor were systematically investigated. The structures, thermal decomposition processes and morphologies of the precursors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravity-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscoy (SEM). The results show that using 2% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (in mass fraction) as additive, a well-dispersed precursor with a uniform morphology can be obtained in a solution with Fe2+ and Ni2+ total concentration (1:1) of 0.8 mol/L, pH value of 6.2 at 60 °C, and a pure and well dispersed fibrous iron-nickel powder can be prepared by direct reduction of this precursor in a mixed atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen at the temperature of 420 °C.

两相NiAl-Fe金属间化合物的高温氧化行为研究

研究了NiAl、NiAl－20Fe、NiAl－30Fe金属间化合物在1000℃～1100℃空气中的氧化行为．NiAl和NiAl－20Fe显示较好的抗氧化性能，NiAl－30Fe的抗氧化性能却很差。从合金相组成探讨了NiAl－Fe合金的氧化机制．

NiAl－20at％Fe合金的高温氧化与热腐蚀行为

ＮｉＡｌ－２０ａｔ％Ｆｅ合金的高温氧化与热腐蚀行为王淑荷，郭建亭，赖万慧，谭明晖李辉，孙超（中国科学院金属研究所沈阳１１００１５）１引言ＮＩＡＩ金属间化合物具有熔点高、密度低、热传导性好和抗高温氧化能力优异等特点，是一种很有前途的航空航天耐热结构材料...

Non-isothermal reduction kinetics of Fe_2O_3-NiO composites for formation of Fe-Ni alloy using carbon monoxide

The non-isothermal reduction kinetics and mechanism of Fe2O3-NiO composites with different Fe2O3-NiO compacts using carbon monoxide as reductant were investigated. The results show that the reduction degree increases rapidly with increasing the content of NiO, and the presence of NiO also improves the reduction rate of iron oxides. It is found that NiO is preferentially reduced at the beginning of the reactions, and then the metallic Ni acts as a catalyst promoting the reduction rate of iron oxides. It is also observed that the increase of the Ni O content enhances the formation of awaruite(FeNi3) but decreases the percentage of kamacite(Fe,Ni) and taenite(Fe,Ni). The particle size of the materials tends to be uniform during the reduction process due to the presence of metallic nickel, metallic iron and the formation of Fe-Ni alloy. The concentration of CO in the product gas is greater than that of CO2 at the beginning of the reaction and then slows down. The fastest reduction rate of Fe2O3-NiO composites with CO appears at 400-500 °C, and nucleation growth model can be used to elucidate the reduction mechanism. Nucleation growth process is found to be the rate controlling step when the temperature is lower than 1000 °C.

High temperature oxidation behavior of directionally solidified NiAl-31Cr-2.9Mo-0.1Hf-0.05Ho eutectic alloy

The isothermal oxidation behavior of NiAl-31Cr-2.9Mo-0.1Hf-0.05Ho directional eutectic alloy was investigated with the help of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.The results revealed that a continuous Al2O3 scale was formed and owned excellent oxidation resistance in the temperature range of 900-1100°C.When the temperature was up to 1150°C,the continuous Al2O3 oxide film ruptured.Trace rare earth element Ho distributed uniformly in the alloy and relatively high level of Al in Cr（Mo）phase are beneficial to the formation of continuous and compact Al2O3 scale.During the oxidation,a phase transformation fromθ-Al2O3 toα-Al2O3 existed on the surface of oxidation film.It resulted in the abnormal oxidation mass gain happening when the alloy was oxidized at 1000°C or 1050°C.

NiAl(Fe)合金组织和拉伸性能的研究

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）、电子探针（ＥＰＭＡ）、Ｘ射线（ＸＲＤ）和选区电子衍射分析（ＳＡＥＤ）研究了ＮｉＡｌ（Ｆｅ）合金的显微组织及拉伸性能。结果表明，铸态ＮｉＡｌ（Ｆｅ）合金经均匀化退火后的组织由β及β＋γ′相能阻止裂纹扩展，有利于改善合金的室温塑性。比较发现，Ｎｉ５０Ａｌ２０Ｆｅ３０合金具有最佳的室温塑性，其拉伸断由β相的解理断口和β及β＋γ′相的韧窝型断口组成。

反应铸造TiC/NiAl(Fe)复合材料的力学行为和强化机理研究

研究了反应铸造ＴｉＣ／ＮｉＡｌ（Ｆｅ）复合材料压缩、拉伸性能和强韧化机制。ＮｉＡｌ（Ｆｅ）合金的室温拉伸延伸率达１１％。含２０％ＴｉＣ颗粒的ＮｉＡｌ（Ｆｅ）基复合材料的室温拉伸率为２．５％。与多晶ＮｉＡｌ合金及其复合材料相比，２０％ＴｉＣ／ＮｉＡｌ（Ｆｅ）复合材料的室温拉伸延伸率明显提高。原位合成的ＴｉＣ增强颗粒在高温下具有明显的增强效果，含２０％ＴｉＣ增强颗粒复合材料的高温强度比基体合金高１００％。塑性的枝晶间区域的存在是ＮｉＡｌ（Ｆｅ）及其复合材料在室温塑性得以改善的主要机制。ＸＤ＋ＲＣ工艺导致的晶粒细化作用是ＮｉＡｌ（Ｆｅ）基复合材料的主要强化机制，位错强化和弥散强化对强度也有一定贡献。

Ni-Al-Fe系中NiAl(Fe)金属间化合物的析出强化

研究Ni-Al-Fe系中B2型金属间化合物NiAl(Fe)的硬度随时效时间的变化,同时测定时效处理后含析出相的NiAl(Fe)金属间化合物的屈服强度随温度变化。结果表明,在所有实验温度区域内,NiAl(Fe)化合物的屈服强度均远高于单相NiAl;析出相为体心立方结构的α-Fe相;在时效初期α-Fe相呈球状,过时效之后变成平行于有序基体{100}晶面的板条状。通过透射电镜观察还确定变形过程中位错滑移矢量为<111>。虽然α-Fe析出相的硬度低于NiAl(Fe)基体,但由于α-Fe析出相对运动位错有较强的钉扎作用而使基体得到强化。

Fe加入NiAl金属间化合物中对塑性及热轧性能的影响

研究了Ｆｅ加入ＮｉＡｌ金属间化合物中对其塑性及热轧性能的影响。结果表明：ＮｉＡｌ合金中Ｆｅ含量增至１８．４ａｔ％，出现（β＋γ）双相组织，其室温塑性显著提高，压缩极限应变量可达３６．３％。首次发现具有（β＋γ）双相组织的１号合金在压缩变形过程中出现三阶段屈服现象。沿晶界分布的γ相的协调变形及β基体的动态再结晶使双相的１号合金获得良好的高温热轧性能，高温轧制总变形量可达８８．９％。

表面处理状态对Fecralloy合金氧化膜完整性的影响

研究了表面粗糙度对Fecralloy (Fe 2 2Cr 5Al 0 .3Y ,质量分数 ,% )合金在 12 0 0℃空气中循环氧化生成表面氧化膜完整性的影响。采用SEM技术着重研究了合金表面氧化膜的性质和特点。结果表明合金表面粗糙度对Fecralloy合金表面氧化膜的完整性有重要的影响 ,初始合金表面粗糙度越大 ,氧化膜越容易开裂。讨论了合金表面粗糙度对氧化膜开裂行为的影响。