NiB/SiO_2非晶态合金催化剂用于糠醇加氢制四氢糠醇的研究

用化学镀方法制备了负载型N iB/S iO2非晶态合金催化剂,并采用ICP、BET、TEM、XRD等手段研究了N iB在S iO2表面的存在状态及非晶性质。研究了糠醇在该催化剂上加氢制备四氢糠醇的反应行为,考察了反应温度、压力、搅拌速度等因素对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,在2.0 MPa、120℃、550 r/m in时,糠醇的转化率在99%以上,四氢糠醇的选择性可达100%。在此条件下和骨架N i的催化性能相当。

用NiB/SiO_2非晶态合金催化氢化甲基铃兰醛

以NiB/SiO2非晶态合金为催化剂,2,2-二甲基-3-(3-甲基苯基)丙醛(甲基铃兰醛)为原料,催化加氢合成了2,2-二甲基-3-(3-甲基苯基)丙醇(甲基铃兰醇)。结果表明,NiB/SiO2非晶态合金催化剂对该反应具有较高的催化活性,加氢反应条件温和,选择性好。在反应温度110℃,反应压力3.0 MPa,m(催化剂)∶m(甲基铃兰醛)=0.03∶1.00,反应7.5 h的条件下,产品甲基铃兰醇的收率达99%以上,精馏后产品的质量分数大于98%。

表面活性改性剂对纳米NiB/SiO_2粉体催化活性的影响

利用TG-DTA分析研究了表面活性改性剂对纳米NiB/SiO2粒子催化高氯酸铵(AP)热分解反应活性的影响。结果表明,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对SiO2载体表面改性效果最好,对NiB/SiO2粉体催化AP热分解的活性改善最明显。质量分数5%的纳米NiB/SiO2/CTAB粉体将AP的低温热分解质量损失提高了22%,并将AP高温热分解峰温降低了60℃左右。以上结果说明,纳米NiB/SiO2粉体可被用作AP基固体推进剂燃速调节剂,其基本性质和制备工艺还需深入研究和改进。

Hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol on NiB/SiO_(2) amorphous alloy catalyst

NiB/SiO2 amorphous alloy catalyst was prepared by power electroless plating method and characterized by induction coupled plasma(ICP),Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method(BET),transmission electron microscope(TEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)techniques.The catalytic perfor-mance of NiB/SiO2 was investigated for the hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol(FA)to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol(THFA).The effects of operational conditions,such as reaction tem-perature,pressure,and stirring rate were carefully studied.The proper conditions were determined as the following:pressure 2.0 MPa,temperature 120°C and stirring rate 550 r/min.A typical result with FA conversion of 99%and THFA selectivity of 100%was obtained under such conditions,which was close to that over Raney Ni.