NiMoB/γ-Al-2O_3催化生物油加氢提质

试验以NiMoB/γ-Al2O3为催化剂,在一定温度条件下,考察了对玉米秸秆快速热裂解油(生物油)的加氢提质效果。结果表明,在80℃下,生物油中部分代表性不饱和醛酮化合物(如糠醛、苯甲醛、环己酮、乙醛、乙酰丙酮等)可以在甲醇溶液中被高效地加氢转化为相应的醇。由于生物油中含水量高和各类不饱和化合物含量很低的原因,直接对生物油加氢时,只能部分地将其转化为饱和化合物。研究发现,生物油经超临界萃取处理获得的轻组分,其加氢能力明显增强,羰基化合物(C=O)和碳碳双键化合物(C=C)的转化率分别可达87%和70%。加氢过程中会伴有酯化反应,加氢处理生物油的酸度明显降低,热稳定性提高。

Preparation and activity evaluation of NiMoB/-Al_2O_3 catalyst by liquid-phase furfural hydrogenation

Amorphous MoNiB/γ/-Al2O3 alloy catalysts were prepared by reducing NiCI2.6H20 and （NH4）6Mo7O24.4H2O supported on γ-Al2O3 with NaBH4 as reducing agent. Using liquid-phase hydrogenation of furfural （FFR） as a probe reaction, the activity of MoNiB/γ/Al2O3 was examined. Compared to NiB and NiMoB, NiMoB/γ-Al2O3 exhibited excellent activity and selectivity towards furfuryl alcohol （FFA）. After reaction for 3.0 h at 80 ℃ and 5.0 MPa in methanol, FFR conversion reached 99% with FFA yield of 91%. The effects of doping amount of Mo and calcination temperature before NaBH4 reduction on hydrogenation activity were also investigated. The optimum Mo/Ni atom ratio and calcination temperature were found to be 1：7 and 300 ℃, respectively. XRD patterns and SEM images indicated that NiMoB over the surface of γ-Al2O3 was amorphous and highly dispersed, which was responsible for the high thermal stability of the title catalyst.

船用907钢表面化学镀耐冲刷腐蚀型NiMoB合金层的工艺参数优化

为提高船用907钢的耐冲刷腐蚀性能,设计了一种可与船用907钢海水管路内壁表面形成稳定化合物的NiMoB合金镀层,并采用正交试验优选了该化学镀液中NiCl_2,EDTA,Na_2MoO_4,KBH_4的浓度。采用扫描电镜观察合金镀层形貌;采用阻抗谱、极化曲线分析了合金镀层在模拟海水中的耐蚀性,并在模拟海水冲刷腐蚀环境下分析了Ni Mo B镀层的抗冲刷腐蚀特性。结果表明:不同的镀液参数对Ni Mo B镀层的性能影响较大,当NiCl_245.0g/L、EDTA 9.0 g/L、Na_2MoO_415.0 g/L、KBH_40.8 g/L,乙二胺45.0 g/L,NaOH 90.0 g/L时,NiMoB非晶态薄膜表面呈胞状物陈列,具有致密的表面形貌,镀层的耐腐蚀、抗冲刷腐蚀性能优良。