Seropositivity and Other Determinants Associated with Toxoplasmosis in Local Buffalo in Iraq

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the Seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii in water buffalo in three Iraqi governorates (Baghdad, Dhi Qar, and Maysan) and to estimate the risk aspects related to infestation throughout the period from January to December 2019. A total of 430 serum samples were inspected with a commercial ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) kit. Indirect multi-species kit. The overall Seropositivity of T. gondii in the examined local buffalo was 7.4%, and the highest rate (9.3%) was in Baghdad Governorate. A multivariate regression analysis revealed that adult buffalo (OR = 7.10;95% CI: 0.87-57.68;P = 0.067) and young herds (OR = 8.42;95% CI: 1.07-66.02;P = 0.043) were more subject to infestation from young buffalo and large herds. Furthermore, the hazard of toxoplasmosis was increased in winter especially among animals in contact with cats. It is therefore requisite to determine risk aspects to evaluate which mitigation, control, prevention and procedures should be carried out to diminish, control and prevent infestation with T. gondii and its propagation.

A Hybrid Classification and Identification of Pneumonia Using African Buffalo Optimization and CNN from Chest X-Ray Images

An illness known as pneumonia causes inflammation in the lungs.Since there is so much information available fromvarious X-ray images,diagnosing pneumonia has typically proven challenging.To improve image quality and speed up the diagnosis of pneumonia,numerous approaches have been devised.To date,several methods have been employed to identify pneumonia.The Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)has achieved outstanding success in identifying and diagnosing diseases in the fields of medicine and radiology.However,these methods are complex,inefficient,and imprecise to analyze a big number of datasets.In this paper,a new hybrid method for the automatic classification and identification of Pneumonia from chest X-ray images is proposed.The proposed method(ABOCNN)utilized theAfrican BuffaloOptimization(ABO)algorithmto enhanceCNNperformance and accuracy.The Weinmed filter is employed for pre-processing to eliminate unwanted noises from chest X-ray images,followed by feature extraction using the Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix(GLCM)approach.Relevant features are then selected from the dataset using the ABO algorithm,and ultimately,high-performance deep learning using the CNN approach is introduced for the classification and identification of Pneumonia.Experimental results on various datasets showed that,when contrasted to other approaches,the ABO-CNN outperforms them all for the classification tasks.The proposed method exhibits superior values like 96.95%,88%,86%,and 86%for accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively.

Whole‑genome transcriptome and DNA methylation dynamics of pre‑implantation embryos reveal progression of embryonic genome activation in buffaloes

Background During mammalian pre-implantation embryonic development(PED),the process of maternal-to-zygote transition(MZT)is well orchestrated by epigenetic modification and gene sequential expression,and it is related to the embryonic genome activation(EGA).During MZT,the embryos are sensitive to the environment and easy to arrest at this stage in vitro.However,the timing and regulation mechanism of EGA in buffaloes remain obscure.Results Buffalo pre-implantation embryos were subjected to trace cell based RNA-seq and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing(WGBS)to draw landscapes of transcription and DNA-methylation.Four typical developmental steps were classified during buffalo PED.Buffalo major EGA was identified at the 16-cell stage by the comprehensive analy-sis of gene expression and DNA methylation dynamics.By weighted gene co-expression network analysis,stage-spe-cific modules were identified during buffalo maternal-to-zygotic transition,and key signaling pathways and biological process events were further revealed.Programmed and continuous activation of these pathways was necessary for success of buffalo EGA.In addition,the hub gene,CDK1,was identified to play a critical role in buffalo EGA.Conclusions Our study provides a landscape of transcription and DNA methylation in buffalo PED and reveals deeply the molecular mechanism of the buffalo EGA and genetic programming during buffalo MZT.It will lay a foundation for improving the in vitro development of buffalo embryos.

Buffalo anti-PDC-109 antibodies improve the semen quality profiles and in-vitro zona binding index and minimize the cryoinjury of sperm in cryopreserved buffalo semen

Objective:To optimize the concentration of PDC-109 protein in semen for higher cryopreservability and fertility by sequestration or neutralization of PDC-109 by its antibodies(anti-PDC-109 antibodies)in bubaline species.Methods:PDC-109 protein was purified by applying two-step chromatography procedures.Purified protein was injected in rabbits to raise antibodies.These raised anti-PDC-109 antibodies were used in neutralization or sequestration of PDC-109 in in-vitro model.Ejaculates were collected from buffaloes and splited for four groups.Group 1 received egg yolk Tris glycerol extender,without anti-PDC-109 antibodies,while group 2 to 4 received anti-PDC-109 antibodies 266μg/mL,80μg/mL,and 26μg/mL in Tris-fructose-citrate buffer,respectively.Semen quality parameters viz.,forward progressive motility,viability,total morphological abnormality,acrosomal integrity,plasma membrane integrity,cryoinjury and in-vitro zona binding index were evaluated.Results:Semen quality parameters of neat semen were within the normal range of bubaline species.Sperm motility,livability,acrosomal integrity,plasma membrane integrity,and cholesterol content of sperm were decreased and total sperm abnormality was increased significantly in post-thaw semen compared to those in pre-freeze and fresh semen(P<0.05).Semen in group 2 had higher sperm motility,livability,acrosomal integrity,plasma membrane integrity,and cholesterol content of sperm and lower total sperm abnormality significantly compared to those in group 1,3 and 4 at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages(P<0.05).Conclusions:Sequestration or neutralization of PDC-109 by its antibodies significantly improves pre-freeze,and post-thaw semen quality parameters and in-vitro zona binding index with simultaneously reducing cryoinjury or cryodamage in the sperm of bubaline species.

Music Genre Classification Using African Buffalo Optimization

In the discipline of Music Information Retrieval(MIR),categorizing musicfiles according to their genre is a difficult process.Music genre classifica-tion is an important multimedia research domain for classification of music data-bases.In the proposed method music genre classification using features obtained from audio data is proposed.The classification is done using features extracted from the audio data of popular online repository namely GTZAN,ISMIR 2004 and Latin Music Dataset(LMD).The features highlight the differences between different musical styles.In the proposed method,feature selection is per-formed using an African Buffalo Optimization(ABO),and the resulting features are employed to classify the audio using Back Propagation Neural Networks(BPNN),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Naïve Bayes,decision tree and kNN classifiers.Performance evaluation reveals that,ABO based feature selection strategy achieves an average accuracy of 82%with mean square error(MSE)of 0.003 when used with neural network classifier.

Fault Coverage-Based Test Case Prioritization and Selection Using African Buffalo Optimization

Software needs modifications and requires revisions regularly.Owing to these revisions,retesting software becomes essential to ensure that the enhancements made,have not affected its bug-free functioning.The time and cost incurred in this process,need to be reduced by the method of test case selection and prioritization.It is observed that many nature-inspired techniques are applied in this area.African Buffalo Optimization is one such approach,applied to regression test selection and prioritization.In this paper,the proposed work explains and proves the applicability of the African Buffalo Optimization approach to test case selection and prioritization.The proposed algorithm converges in polynomial time(O(n^(2))).In this paper,the empirical evaluation of applying African Buffalo Optimization for test case prioritization is done on sample data set with multiple iterations.An astounding 62.5%drop in size and a 48.57%drop in the runtime of the original test suite were recorded.The obtained results are compared with Ant Colony Optimization.The comparative analysis indicates that African Buffalo Optimization and Ant Colony Optimization exhibit similar fault detection capabilities(80%),and a reduction in the overall execution time and size of the resultant test suite.The results and analysis,hence,advocate and encourages the use of African Buffalo Optimization in the area of test case selection and prioritization.

安徽新安江水牛mtDNA D-Loop区遗传多样性与系统进化研究

试验旨在分析安徽省黄山市新安江流域上游地区新安江水牛群体的分子遗传特性,探究其母系起源与遗传多样性。利用PCR扩增和测序技术测定28头新安江水牛的mtDNA D-Loop序列,下载GenBank数据库中24个中国水牛群体的693条D-Loop序列,利用生物信息学分析其遗传多样性,构建Neighbor-joining系统发生树和Media-joining网络,探索不同水牛群体的遗传距离。结果显示,28头新安江水牛的mtDNA D-Loop序列共有117个变异位点,构成25种单倍型,其核苷酸多样性为0.02602±0.00303,单倍型多样性为0.989±0.014。新安江水牛群体的变异性水平与中国其他水牛群体接近。N-J系统进化树显示,新安江水牛25个单倍型分为A、B两个支系,具有A支系和B支系2个母系来源,其中A支系占据主导地位。Media-joining进化网络显示,中国水牛主要为沼泽型水牛,分为沼泽型水牛A支系和B支系,B支系又分为b1亚支系和b2亚支系。综上,新安江水牛群体变异水平与中国其他地方水牛群体接近,群体遗传多样性丰富;且新安江水牛属于沼泽型水牛,具有2个线粒体母系来源,与我国其他地方水牛群体具有一定的遗传距离。

生存、发展及自由呼吸——读王吉鹏《家乡的水牛》散文编

王吉鹏《家乡的水牛》散文编,既是自传体个人奋斗历程的抒写,又是“纪传体”群体形象的塑造。《家乡的水牛》散文编记录了一代知识分子整体命运的沉浮,在广阔的时空背景下,将知识分子个人命运与改革开放四十余年民族复兴的国运紧密相连,揭示了亲情、爱情、乡情、友情、师生情以及师恩对一个人精神上的哺育滋养的重要性。这应是作者笑对苦难、战胜命运的力量之源。

江汉水牛生产性能及经济效益研究

[目的]研究江汉水牛的主要体尺指标和生产性能,为江汉水牛保种和开发利用提供理论依据。[方法]测定20头2.5岁左右、平均体质量(360±59)kg江汉水牛(公牛10头、母牛10头)的主要体尺指标,并进行134d的强度育肥试验。育肥结束后,选取12头江汉水牛(公牛6头、母牛6头)进行屠宰和肉质性能测定。[结果]江汉水牛育肥期平均日增质量为(818±189) g,平均日采食量为26.87 kg。江汉水牛屠宰率为45.4%,净肉率37.6%,眼肌面积85.7 cm^(2),肌肉嫩度平均为80.35 kg/cm^(2),肌肉肉色评分7.83,滴水损失1.17%,江汉水牛产肉成本为27.57元/kg。[结论]江汉水牛躯体高大,骨骼粗壮,肉质优良,是培育乳肉兼用水牛新品种的良好遗传素材。

Isolation, Cuture and Biological Characteristic Analysis of Stromal and Glandular Epithelial Cells of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Endometrium

[Objective] The experiment aimed to set up a method for isolating and culturing endometrial stromal cells (BESC) and endometrial glandular epithelial cells(BEGEC) of buffalo as well as laid foundation for studying biological mechanism of embryo implantation and uterine diseases. [Method] The enzymatic digestion method, scraping method, serial filtration and differential velocity adherent technique were used to isolate BESC and BEGEC, then immunocytochemical method and TRYPAN-Blue assay were used to determine the purity and survival rate of isolated cells. [Result] The BESC and BEGEC were successfully isolated and cultured while immunocytochemical method and cell count method demonstrated that the purity was over 90%. The result of TRYPAN-Blue assay shown that survival rate of BESC and BEGEC was 91% and 78% respectively. [Conclusion] The enzymatic digestion method, scraping method, serial filtration and differential velocity adherent technique could isolate BESC and BEGEC with high purity.

基于非靶向代谢组学探究水牛唾液和血清中的发情标志物

在现代化规模养殖中,水牛发情不明显的问题日益突出。研究旨在利用高通量非靶向代谢组学分析不同发情阶段水牛唾液和血清中代谢物的差异。在相同的饲养管理条件下,选择15头尼里-拉菲水牛,每头注射氯前列醇4 mL,注射当天计为第0天。分别在水牛发情前期(第1天)、发情期(第3天)、发情后期(第6天)早上饲喂之前(08:00-11:00)采集唾液和血清,样品处理后采用非靶向代谢组学检测。结果显示,不同发情阶段水牛的唾液和血清中均存在差异代谢物,发情期/发情前期水牛唾液中共鉴定出30种显著差异代谢物,血清中共鉴定出85种显著差异代谢物;发情期/发情后期水牛唾液中共鉴定出8种显著差异代谢物,血清中共鉴定出66种显著差异代谢物。这些差异代谢物主要富集在胰高血糖素信号通路、磷酸戊糖途径、甘油酯代谢等通路上。唾液代谢物与血清代谢物之间存在相关性。唾液中的差异代谢物D-2-磷酸甘油酸、L-丙酰肉碱、白三烯d4和8-异前列腺素a1可能作为水牛发情生物标志物的关键代谢物。

野牛草雌、雄株对干旱胁迫的生理响应差异

野牛草(Buchloe dactyloides)是草坪草种中少有的雌雄异株植物,分析野牛草雌雄株抗旱差异性,为雌雄异株植物生理差异研究提供理论基础。本研究采用‘Texoka’品种野牛草作为试验材料,使用雌、雄株的克隆分株扦插繁殖,成坪后进行3种干旱胁迫处理:对照处理(田间持水量在90%,CK)、半干旱处理(田间持水量50%,H)、干旱处理(田间持水量30%,D)。结果表明,随着干旱程度的增加,野牛草雌株和雄株的株高、生物量、根冠比、叶片相对含水量以及叶绿素荧光参数的变化不显著(P>0.05);丙二醛含量和脯氨酸含量与干旱程度均呈正相关关系,且雌株含量显著大于雄株(P<0.05)。野牛草雌株超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性在干旱处理时显著大于雄株。此外,雌、雄株之间的抗氧化酶活性变化并不一致,在同一水分条件下雌株的抗氧化酶活性显著大于雄株,表明野牛草雌株相对于雄株具有更强的清除活性氧能力。双因素分析结果和主成分分析结果也表明野牛草响应干旱胁迫存在明显的性别差异,隶属函数分析发现,野牛草雌株的抗旱性综合评价高于雄株。综上,野牛草雌、雄株对干旱胁迫的响应存在性别差异,且野牛草雌株的抗旱性强于雄株。

上海水牛的生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质分析

试验旨在测定上海水牛的生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质,系统评价其肉用潜力。首先选取6、12、30和60月龄的上海水牛测定其体重体尺,然后选取5头(30月龄)阉牛进行屠宰,测定其屠宰性能及肉品质。结果表明,30月龄试验牛的平均胴体重为271.80 kg±11.69 kg,净肉重193.80 kg±7.90 kg,骨重76.00 kg±4.50 kg,屠宰率(50.40±1.54)%,净肉率(35.94±0.95)%,胴体肉骨比2.57±0.12,眼肌面积81.79 cm^(2)±7.31 cm^(2),嫩度10.05 kg/cm^(2)±1.16 kg/cm^(2),p H_(0h)值6.03±0.15,p H_(24 h)值5.51±0.01;上海水牛每100克肉中的平均含水量为72.330 g±1.217 g,脂肪4.223 g±1.719 g,蛋白质21.460 g±0.578 g,总灰分1.388 g±0.220 g,总氨基酸17.210 g±0.431 g,总核苷酸241.800 mg±15.320 mg,总脂肪酸2.831 g±1.060 g。综上所述,上海水牛的屠宰率和净肉率较高、肉质良好,具有较好的肉用潜力。今后在加强上海水牛地方品种保护的同时,应重视开发利用,继续加强对其肉质风味特色的遗传改良,进一步提高产肉量。

水牛早孕诊断方法比较研究

本试验的目的是通过比较几种不同的妊娠诊断方法,建立一套简便而准确的水牛早孕诊断方法。选择体况相似的8头中国沼泽型奶水牛为研究对象,通过视诊法连续观测8头母水牛配种后15个时间点眼睛形态学特征的变化;采用ELISA法检测8头母水牛人工授精后8个时间点晨血的血清中孕酮、雌二醇水平;采用牛早孕试纸检测卡检测尾根血清中的早期妊娠相关糖蛋白,以上早孕检测结果均与B超孕检结果进行对比分析。结果发现:配种后前28d观测水牛的眼部未见异常形态;怀孕母牛的孕酮水平均为5.76ng/mL,自16d开始保持在4.9~8.43ng/mL,至24d有小幅度升高,而未怀孕母牛的孕酮水平则表现下降趋势;配种后28d时采用牛早孕试纸检测卡检测发现有4头水牛怀孕,与B超孕检结果相一致。可以得出,配种后前28d形态学观察法不适用于水牛早期的妊娠诊断;孕牛与未孕母牛的孕酮激素水平变化规律存在差异,可为今后建立水牛早孕诊断方法提供技术支撑;牛早孕试纸检测卡在28d后获得较高的准确率,可应用于水牛早期妊娠诊断。该试验的开展可为今后水牛早期妊娠诊断研究提供参考,同时对促进水牛产业的健康发展具有重要的意义。

不同饲粮粗蛋白质水平对槟榔江水牛泌乳性能的影响

本试验旨在探究不同饲粮粗蛋白质水平对槟榔江水牛泌乳性能的影响。试验采用单因素完全随机区组设计,将21头健康、年龄[(6.33±2.75)岁]和胎次[(3.14±1.56)胎]相近,且上胎产奶量相近的槟榔江水牛随机分为3个组(每组7头),分别饲喂低粗蛋白质水平(9.5%)、中粗蛋白质水平(12.5%)和高粗蛋白质水平(14.8%)的全混合日粮。预试期7 d,正试期273 d。结果表明:随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的升高,槟榔江水牛泌乳性能相关指标均有一定变化,其中14.8%粗蛋白质组泌乳期日均产奶量、平均产奶量以及乳蛋白、乳非脂固形物和乳尿素氮含量均显著高于9.5%粗蛋白质组(P<0.05),而9.5%和12.5%粗蛋白质组间上述指标差异不显著(P>0.05);随着泌乳时间的增加,12.5%和14.8%粗蛋白质组乳脂含量基本都呈现为先降低后升高的变化趋势,9.5%粗蛋白质变化规律不明显,但3组泌乳末期乳脂含量都比泌乳初期高,且12.5%粗蛋白质组乳脂含量最高,为7.84%;3组平均泌乳天数、乳脂蛋比以及乳脂、乳糖和乳总固形物含量差异均不显著(P>0.05),且乳脂蛋比、乳糖和乳总固形物含量变化不大;12.5%粗蛋白质组乳体细胞数显著高于9.5%和14.8%粗蛋白质组(P<0.05)。由此可知,饲粮粗蛋白质水平从9.5%提高至14.8%可显著提高槟榔江水牛产奶量以及乳蛋白、乳非脂固形物和乳尿素氮含量,但对泌乳天数和乳脂、乳糖、乳总固形物含量以及乳脂蛋比无显著影响。

槟榔江水牛犊牛体重和体尺指标的相关性与生长曲线拟合分析

为鉴定槟榔江水牛犊牛的体型外貌及揭示其生长规律,本试验选取43头健康个体,测量其体重和体尺指标,探究体重和体尺指标间的相关性,利用Gompertz模型(y=Ae-Be-kt)和Logistic模型[y=A/(1+Be-kt)]对公牛、母牛的体重、体高、体斜长、胸围和管围做生长曲线拟合分析。结果显示,公牛、母牛体重与体高、体斜长、胸围和管围均存在极显著的正相关(P<0.01);Gompertz和Logistic生长曲线、体重、体高、体斜长、胸围和管围的R^(2)均大于0.964。且Gompertz和Logistic生长曲线显示,随日龄增长公牛、母牛的胸围、体高和体斜长均呈现增长趋势,而管围增长较为平缓,公牛所有指标均略高于母牛。由此可见,槟榔江水牛犊牛体重能很好地反映各体尺指标的发育变化,且该变化可用Gompertz和Logistic生长曲线模型预测。

水牛奶营养物质及其制品研究现状

水牛奶中干物质含量较高,其综合营养价值高于普通牛奶,是多种生物活性成分的良好来源。因此,水牛奶及其相关制品受到越来越多的消费者的关注。本文根据水牛奶营养物质及其制品相关研究的前沿成果,介绍了水牛奶中蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物及其他营养物质的含量及其理化性质,同时针对水牛奶乳制品,如干酪、奶油、酸奶、冰淇淋等制备和相关研究进行了概述,最后针对水牛奶中的生物活性物质开发功能性食品的可能性提供了见解,为企业研发水牛奶相关产品提供参考。

Distribution of Oxytocin Hypothamic-Picuitary-Ovary Axis in Guangxi Local Buffalo

To study the association of oxytocin (OT)'s distribution in hypothalamatic,pituitary and ovary,and understand how the OT secrete releasing in hypothalamus,pituitary and ovaries,the paraffin section immunohistochemistry SuperPicTureTM two step method was used to detect the distribution of OT in hypothalamatic-pituitary-ovary axis of five femal Guangxi local buffalo. The test results could provide morphology according to study the OT's synthesis and mechanism of action,and could play reference and directions part in breeding Guangxi local buffalo. The test results display:oxytocin immuno reactive (OT-IR) neuronsw eremainly distributed arcuate nucleus,supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus,and OT-IR neurons was also found in ventromedial nucleus,ventrolateralis nucleus,suprachiasmaticus nucleus,dorsomedial nucleus,mamillary body,anterior hypothalamic nucleus and so on. The OT immunoactive production was found in pituitary and few OT-IR nerve fibers extended to post pituitary from hypophyseal stalk and medium eminence. In ovaries,OT immunoactive productions were only distributed in germinal epithelium cells,granulosa cells and lutein cells. The OT was first discovered in singulorum link of hypothalamatic-pituitary-ovary axis of Guangxi local buffalo. The OT immunoactive neurons were first discovered in every main nucleus of Guangxi local buffalo hypothalamus,especially distributed in arcuate nucleus,supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus.

饲粮中添加不同比例啤酒糟对泌乳水牛生产性能、乳成分和瘤胃发酵参数的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同比例啤酒糟对泌乳水牛生产性能、乳成分和瘤胃发酵参数的影响。选取体况良好,泌乳期、产犊胎次和产奶量相近的健康水牛42头,随机分为3个组,每组14头。各组饲粮中啤酒糟与豆粕的比例分别为50∶50(Ⅰ组)、75∶25(Ⅱ组)和100∶0(Ⅲ组)。预试期7 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:1)Ⅲ组泌乳水牛干物质采食量极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.01),产奶量和标准乳产量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2)饲粮中添加不同比例啤酒糟对泌乳水牛乳密度、乳蛋白率、乳脂率、全乳固体含量、非乳脂固体含量、乳糖率、乳酸度和乳中游离脂肪酸含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。Ⅲ组乳蛋白和乳糖产量显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),乳脂产量极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.01)。3)Ⅲ组泌乳水牛瘤胃pH和乳酸含量极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.01);随着饲粮中啤酒糟添加比例的提高,瘤胃氨态氮(NH3-N)含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。Ⅲ组瘤胃乙酸含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ组瘤胃丙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量(TVFA)显著或极显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05或P<0.01);Ⅲ组瘤胃乙酸/丙酸值显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。各组间瘤胃乙酸/TVFA、丙酸/TVFA和丁酸/TVFA值均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,考虑本试验条件下泌乳水牛的干物质采食量、产奶量、乳成分和瘤胃发酵参数,采用100%啤酒糟替代豆粕的饲粮饲喂泌乳水牛效果较好,在实际生产中可以采用啤酒糟替代饲粮中的豆粕。

相思子碱通过P53/mTOR通路缓解脂多糖对水牛乳腺上皮细胞β-酪蛋白合成的影响

【目的】探究相思子碱(Abrine)通过调节P53/mTOR通路缓解脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS)对水牛乳腺上皮细胞酪蛋白合成的影响,为缓解乳房炎引起的水牛乳品质下降提供理论依据。【方法】使用脂多糖构建水牛乳腺上皮细胞炎症模型,同时使用相思子碱、P53抑制剂(Pifithrin-μ)、P53激活剂(Kevetrin hydrochloride)与水牛乳腺上皮细胞共同孵育12 h;通过HE染色观察水牛乳腺组织形态,采用CCK-8法检测细胞活性,使用ELISA试剂盒检测水牛乳腺上皮细胞β-酪蛋白分泌水平,利用实时荧光定量PCR测定NF-κB、IL-1β、TNFα、β-casein、mTOR、P53、JAK2、STAT5和AKT1基因相对表达量,并以Western blotting检测NF-κB、IL-1β、TNFα、β-casein、mTOR和P53蛋白相对表达量。【结果】临床型乳房炎乳腺组织间隙及腺泡腔被大量中性粒细胞浸润,部分腺泡结构呈现一定程度的萎缩。经1.0μg/mL脂多糖处理,水牛乳腺上皮细胞活力显著降低(P<0.05,下同),2.0、4.0和8.0μg/mL脂多糖处理,水牛乳腺上皮细胞活力极显著降低(P<0.001),25、50、100和200μmol/L相思子碱处理能缓解脂多糖的影响,水牛乳腺上皮细胞活力明显升高。与空白对照组相比,脂多糖处理组水牛乳腺上皮细胞NF-κB、IL-1β、TNFα和P53基因和蛋白相对表达量显著升高,β-酪蛋白表达水平显著降低;与脂多糖组相比,相思子碱+脂多糖处理组水牛乳腺上皮细胞β-酪蛋白水平显著升高,NF-κB、IL-1β、TNFα、P53基因和蛋白相对表达量显著降低;与脂多糖组相比,脂多糖+Pifithrin-μ组水牛乳腺上皮细胞β-酪蛋白表达水平显著升高,与相思子碱组相比,相思子碱+Kevetrin hydrochloride组水牛乳腺上皮细胞β-酪蛋白表达水平显著降低。【结论】脂多糖降低了水牛乳腺上皮细胞β-酪蛋白合成水平与β-酪蛋白合成相关基因及其编码蛋白的表达水平;相思子碱能通过抑制NF-κB通路缓解脂多糖诱导的水牛乳腺上皮细胞炎症,并通过调节P53/mTOR通路缓解脂多糖诱导的水牛乳腺上皮细胞β-酪蛋白合成减少。