Silage Feeding with Water Hyacinth in the Tropics: A Research Note

Water hyacinth has ecological significance in addition to its agricultural and energy uses. Lower quality silage is defined in this paper as requiring nitrogen supplementation and treatment to improve nutritive value (NV). Ensilage of water hyacinth as a test case centers largely around the process to optimize protein nitrogen retention in silage-based regimens. A previous hypothesis proposed earlier by the author of that of functional amino acid ratios [tyrosine (TYR): large neutral amino acids (LNAA), tyrosine (TYR): phenylalanine (PHE)] were subsequently found to be counter to what the given schemata predicts. And subsequently with another study there was no corroborative evidence for it to support the espoused hypothesis using the same schemata. The role of N status is still the most viable option among factors from studies continuing how amino acids like histidine (HIS) and arginine (ARG) and their growth-related endocrine functions play a role. There are other schemas illustrating non-homeostatic type regulation with protein intake. To focus on molecular-level mechanisms to ruminal protein digestion it is becoming clear what factors in feed and microbial cell fermentation contribute to optimizing microbial cell protein (MCP) synthesis from ATP with organic matter (OM) digestibility and preformed amino acids (PFAA) from peptides and free amino acids in addition to non-protein nitrogen (NPN), the former more efficiently assimilated in MCP than NPN in the rumen. Accordingly, it has been recommended that soluble proteins fed to dairy cows not exceed microbial requirements along with high dietary escape protein fed with a sufficient amino acid profile to meet dairy production.

Key variable for simulating critical nitrogen dilution curve of wheat:Leaf area ratio-driven approach

Nitrogen(N)dilution curves,a pivotal tool for N nutrition diagnosis,have been developed using different winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)tissues.However,few studies have attempted to establish critical nitrogen(N_(c))dilution curves based on the leaf area ratio(LAR)to improve the monitoring accuracy of N status.In this study,three field experiments using eight N treatments and four wheat varieties were conducted in Jiangsu Province of China from 2013 to 2016.The empirical relationship of LAR with shoot biomass(expressed as dry matter)was developed under different N conditions.The results showed that LAR was a reliable index,which reduced the effects of wheat varieties and years compared with the traditional indicators.The N nutrition index(NNI)based on the LAR approach(NNI-LAR)produced equivalent results to that based on shoot biomass.Moreover,the NNI-LAR better predicted accumulated N deficit and best estimated the relative yield compared with the other two indicator-based NNI models.Therefore,the LAR-based approach improved the prediction accuracy of N_(c),accumulated N deficit,and relative yield,and it would be an optimal choice to conveniently diagnose the N status of winter wheat under field conditions.