Solvent-Induced Symmetry-Breaking Charge Transfer in an Octupolar Triphenylamine Derivative Resolved with Transient Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The excited-state symmetry-breaking charge transfer (SBCT) dynamics in quadrupolar or octupolar molecules without clear infrared markers is usually hard to be tracked directly. In this work, on the basis of the evolution of instantaneous emission dipole moment obtained by femtosecond transient fluorescence spectroscopy, we presented a real-time characterization of the solvent-induced SBCT dynamics in an octupolar triphenylamine derivative. While the emission dipole moment of the octupolar trimer in weakly polar toluene changes little during the excited-state relaxation, it exhibits a fast reduction in a few picoseconds in strongly polar tetrahydrofuran. In comparison with the uorescence dynamics of dipolar monomer, we deduced that the emitting state of the octupolar trimer in strongly polar solvent, which undergoes solvent-induced structural uctuation, changes from exciton-coupled octupolar to excitation localized dipolar symmetry. In weakly polar solvent, the octupolar symmetry of the trimer is largely preserved during the solvation stabilization.

DFT Calculations for Electron Transfer Bond-breakingReaction of CH_3-X

DFT/6-311 + g** level calculations are performed tp study the electron transfer bond-breaking reaction of CH3-X. The calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental results or the empirical model. Through analyzing the change of the energy and the charge densilty along hte reaction path, the bond-breaking in ET reaction for CH3X is investigated.

Non-Adiabatic Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Non-Charge-Transfer and Charge-Transfer Scattering in H^++CO2 at ELab=30 eV

The H^++CO2 reaction at high energies is relevant in atmospheric chemistry,astrophysics,and proton cancer therapy research.Therefore,we present herein a complete investigation of H^++CO2 at ELab=30 eV with the simplest-level electron nuclear dynamics(SLEND)method.SLEND describes nuclei via classical mechanics and electrons with a singledeterminantal Thouless wavefunction.The 3402 SLEND conducted simulations from 42 independent CO2 target orientations provide a full description of all the reactive processes and their mechanisms in this system:non-charge-transfer scattering(NCTS),charge-transfer scattering(CTS),and single C=O bond dissociation;all this valuable information about reactivity is not accessible experimentally.Numerous details of the projectile scattering patterns are provided,including the appearance and coalescence of primary and secondary rainbow angles as a function of the target orientation.SLEND NCTS and CTS differential cross sections(DCSs)are evaluated in conjunction with advanced semi-classical techniques.SLEND NCTS DCS agrees well with its experimental counterpart at all the measured scattering angles,whereas SLEND CTS DCS agrees well at high scattering angles but less satisfactorily at lower ones.Remarkably,both NCTS and CTS SLEND DCSs predict the primary rainbow angle signatures in agreement with the experiment.

The efifect of wave breaking on surface wave imaging by Synthetic Aperture Radar

The effect of ocean wave breaking as a non-Bragg mechanism on backscattering cross-section and modulation transfer functions （MTF） of radar was investigated based on Bragg resonance theory and parametric method. The result showed that the additional effect of wave breaking on backscattering cross-section is not more than 20% except for the small incident angle of VV polarized electromagnetic （e.m.） wave but is significant for HH polarized e.m. wave. Breaking waves lead to increase in the modulus of tilt modulation MTF and the larger the wind speed, the faster the increase. For large incident angle, the modulus of tilt modulation MTF with wave breaking decreases quickly with incident angle for HH polarization and approach to that without wave breaking for VV polarization. The hydrodynamic MTF increases 30%-60% when considering wave breaking and the increase is larger for HH polarization than for VV polarization.

A Simulation Study of Support Break-Off and Water Inrush during Mining under the High Confined and Thick Unconsolidated Aquifer

The thick Cenozoic unconsolidated aquifer is deposited under Sunan syncline core in Huaibei coalfield, the water yield property of unconsolidated bottom aquifer is strong and water pressure is high in some areas (up to 4 MPa in some areas). Water inrush accident often occurs during mining under unconsolidated aquifer, the biggest characteristic is abnormal mine pressure and support break-off during water inrush accident comparing with normal condition. In order to study mechanism of?support break-off and water inrush during mining under the high confined thick unconsolidated aquifer, a simulation of similar material was designed. The experimental results indicated that, under normal condition, the compound breakage sequence of water-resisting key strata between coal seam and high confined thick unconsolidated aquifer is from top to bottom and the basic reason of synchronous fracture is the load of bottom key strata increased suddenly when the breakage of top key strata happened. Because of high confined thick unconsolidated aquifer, surface acts on the bottom key strata soil layer in the form of uniformly distributed load, which is the load-transfer mechanism of confined thick unconsolidated aquifer. Once the overlying key strata compound breaks, the height of unstable strata will reach far more than 30 meters and exceed support capability of current fully-mechanized mining supporter, which leads to support break-off accident during mining process under confined unconsolidated aquifer.

Theoretical analysis and experimental study of oxygen transfer under regular and non-breaking waves

The dissolved oxygen concentration is an important index of water quality, and the atmosphere is one of the important sources of the dissolved oxygen. In this paper, the mass conservation law and the dimensional analysis method are employed to study the oxygen transfer under regular and non-breaking waves, and a unified oxygen transfer coefficient equation is obtained with consideration of the effect of kinetic energy and wave period. An oxygen transfer experiment for the intermediate depth water wave is performed to measure the wave parameters and the dissolved oxygen concentration. The experimental data and the least squares method are used to determine the constant in the oxygen transfer coefficient equation. The experimental data and the previous reported data are also used to further validate the oxygen transfer coefficient, and the agreement is satisfactory. The unified equation shows that the oxygen transfer coefficient increases with the increase of a parameter coupled with the wave height and the wave length, but it decreases with the increase of the wave period, which has a much greater influence on the oxygen transfer coefficient than the coupled parameter.

Constructive Approaches to Intellectual Property Complexity in Today's Agricultural Technology World

Essential to progress in plant biotechnology for deliverable applications, patent and patent application data must be transparent in order to determine where there is whitespace for innovation. Furthermore, mechanisms

论双碳背景下的清洁能源技术强制许可

中国加入《巴黎协定》后提出力争2030年实现碳达峰、2060年实现碳中和,在双碳背景下有学者提出比照药品强制许可对清洁能源技术实施强制许可,而现有理论存在论证逻辑谬误、维度欠缺等多种问题。基于环境权的法哲学外部证立、法规范的法教义学内部证立、清洁能源专利实施情况的实证分析以及清洁能源专利与药品专利的比较分析,得出结论:清洁能源强制许可具备法律上的正当性,但不具备实施上的必要性。尽管如此,仍应当完善强制许可制度,发挥其对技术转让谈判的辅助作用,促进清洁能源技术转让,为实现碳达峰、碳中和的远景目标保驾护航。

国际肿瘤专科医院2000年-2023年专利申请及转化运用情况分析

目的:回顾中国和美国一流肿瘤专科医院2000年-2023年的专利申报、授权、转化情况,为提升医院高水平知识产权管理和成果转化提供参考。方法:应用Incopat数据库收集整理2000年-2023年德克萨斯大学安德森癌症中心、哈佛大学丹娜法伯癌症研究所、斯隆·凯特琳癌症中心、中国医学科学院肿瘤医院、中山大学肿瘤防治中心、复旦大学附属肿瘤医院的专利申请趋势、专利研发布局、高价值专利申请热点、转让/许可情况等方面进行了综合比较。结果:安德森癌症中心虽然专利申请公开数量相比较少,但其专利质量非常高,高价值专利占比超过90%,专利转让许可占比接近50%。丹娜法伯癌症研究所和斯隆·凯特琳癌症中心的专利公开总数均相对其他医院优势非常明显,均超过1500项,高价值专利占比均在60%~80%之间,专利转化占比均在7%~10%之间。中山大学肿瘤防治中心和中国医学科学院肿瘤医院的发明专利公开数量近些年增长迅速,专利总数均超过500项,高价值专利占比均在60%左右,但是专利转化占比较低。美国医疗机构专家研究热点均集中在新型化合物和生物制品,国内三家医疗机构的申请重点集中在医疗器械。结论:国内医院的高价值数量和占比仍远低于美国两家医院。建议国家建立专利分级分类管理制度,构建全国层面的专利交互平台。医疗机构可以从高质量专利孵育、引导促进专利转化、加强知识产权培训、加强国际合作等多方面加强管理,提升医院专利质量,走好转化路径。

基于图像自适应增强的轻量级雾天车牌检测和识别算法

针对雾天图像降质带来的车牌识别难题,提出一种采用图像自适应增强的轻量级车牌检测和识别算法。以目标检测网络YOLOv5s和车牌识别网络LPRNet为基础,设计一个改进的图像自适应增强模块级联于YOLOv5s之前,并引入混合注意力(SA)机制改进LPRNet。图像自适应增强模块由带参数的图像去雾和纹理增强模块以及自适应参数预测模块组成。自适应参数预测模块是轻量级卷积神经网络,与YOLOv5s联合训练,为不同程度的带雾图像自动提供合适的去雾和纹理增强参数以获得更准确的车牌检测结果。利用车牌位置的真实标签和实际检测结果,采用混合注意力机制和迁移学习策略得到最终的SA-LPRNet模型,缓解识别模型对检测结果的敏感性以获得更高的车牌识别准确率。在合成的雾天车牌数据集上的实验结果表明:本文算法对雾天车牌检测的mAP@0.5-0.95指标达到70.6%,车牌识别准确率达到93.5%,优于对比算法,且识别速度满足实时性要求。

多热源影响下双深双高钻井井筒瞬态传热模型

为准确分析钻井液高温高压物性参数、钻柱偏心、旋转和钻头破岩多种热源因素对环空温度剖面的影响,基于井筒和周围环境传热机理和流动过程,建立了一种适用于双深双高钻井的井筒瞬态传热模型。利用有限体积法对该模型进行数值求解,并将现场实测数据分别与软件Drillbench和该模型进行对比验证。结果表明,该模型的预测与现场实测数据拟合效果更佳。研究发现:综合考虑多种热源因素会使环空温度更接近井筒真实值,井底环空温差达到8.43℃;当考虑钻井液高温高压物性参数变化时,下段环空温度随井深的增加而显著减小,井底处环空温差为3.48℃;相较钻柱偏心,旋转和钻头破岩作用对环空温度的影响更显著,井底环空温差分别为6.20和6.56℃。研究结果可为双深双高钻井井筒温度预测和控制提供理论指导。

公法视角下农村地区分户问题探究

公法视角下对分户制度的科学解释与未来发展,应当从现有实践出发,以强化公共服务理念为指引,突出分户过程中行政行为的公共价值与功能。基于分户中行政监督的现状,要逐步完善行政机关对分户中村委会的监督与问责;基于分户中行政许可的实践,要逐步明晰农户宅基地申请的操作手续,减少行政机关怠政空间;基于分户中行政确认的情形,要结合实践分类解释“户”“分户”“分户主体”等概念,加强行政确认各流程建设,实现分户制度的渐进式变迁。

竞争视角下跨境技术转移的法律规制问题研究

从构建以TRIPS-plus为代表的高标准国际知识产权保护体系,到“中美强制技术转移”争端,知识产权的强制与限制许可问题始终是主要国家与地区所关注的重要议题。美、欧、印、中各自的国际产业竞争政策以健全和维护内部产业优势为导向,对于跨境技术转移行为具有直接或间接的限制性影响。尽管《TRIPS协定》从“未经权利持有人授权的其他使用”和“专利许可合同中的限制竞争条款”两方面对技术转移的强制与限制许可问题作出规定,但并不能有效解决部分国家滥用出口管制与进口设障的问题。诸边协定中相关实体性规定的缺乏,亦导致维护国际技术竞争秩序的效果较弱。因此,我国应坚持推进新型区域与双边贸易投资协定谈判,进一步实现国内竞争法的域外适用,基于互惠原则主动施行超TRIPS标准的技术转移政策,争取同其他技术优势国在规制限制竞争行为方面达成新的安全共识。

Theoretical Study on the Kinetics of Electron Transfer for Bond-breaking Reaction

To test the theory of dissociative electron transfer, a simple model describing the kinetics of electron transfer bond breaking reactions was used. The Hamiltonian of the system was given. The homogeneous and heterogeneous kinetic data fit reasonably well with an activation driving force relationship derived from the Marcus quadratic theory. In the heterogeneous case, there is a good agreement between the theoretical calculation and the experimental result, while in the homogeneous case, a good agreement is only observed for the tertiary halides. This is due to the stability of tertiary radical resulting from the sterical effect.

5G通信基站新型通风换热系统

5G通信基站作为信息通信领域的基础设施,为人民群众提供了高品质5G通信服务。随着5G业务发展,5G高功耗设备在综合机柜中大量堆叠,引起机柜功率过高,难以迅速排出热量,产生设备过热宕机等问题。为此,如何降低机柜堆叠热量,保障基站设备正常运行,成为了信息通信领域的一个重要研究方向。本文创新提出了5G通信基站新型通风换热系统,实现基站空调定向输送冷量和设备机柜定向排放热量等功能,改善机柜内冷热环境,有效保障基站通信服务。

美国高校技术转移的发展及对我国的启示

技术转移是指从外部组织或个人吸收并掌握技术资产,以及将技术资产向外部组织或个人进行扩散,并产生效益的过程。介绍和分析了美国高校技术转移的发展情况,并以斯坦福大学为例,深入探讨了技术许可办公室(OTL)模式的创新和核心价值。通过剖析我国高校在技术转移方面的现状和问题,结合斯坦福OTL模式的启示,提出相应建议,以期为我国高校开展技术转移路径设计、模式选择提供借鉴经验。

日本技术转移机构(TLO)的营建及对我国的启示

TLO是技术转移中介机构中的重要力量,其主要目标在于发掘(承接)来自于大学、研究机构的科研成果,申请专利,并将实施权转让给企业,然后将转让费的一部分作为收益返还给大学、研究机构(发明者)。以日本为代表的发达国家特别重视TLO在提升科技成果转化率中的重要作用,并在TLO的经营上取得了成功。其经验对我国正在实施的科技体制改革有着极大的借鉴意义,是完善我国科技中介体系、创建国家创新系统的重要参考。

构造转换带储集体发育的主控因素——以准噶尔盆地腹部侏罗系为例

本文以准噶尔盆地腹部侏罗系储集砂体分布特征为例,探讨构造变换带优质储层的形成机制与变形特征,开展构造转换带的构造-沉积-成岩作用等对物源、砂体、岩石物理等的控制作用的研究。盆地构造转换带控制主要物源与水系,进而控制沉积体系的发育特征;构造转换带与坡折带共同控制沉积相带展布;构造转换带、坡折及沉积层序格架联合控制砂体时空展布及其储层质量:在大的构造转换带、高坡降比的坡折等条件下,在低位域沉积期发育冲积扇、辫状河和曲流河沉积等,形成大规模的储集体,在高位域沉积期发育较大规模三角洲沉积等。对构造转换带的综合研究,可深化对坳陷盆地沉积体系发育规律认识,进而提高对油气储集体的预测精度,对陆相湖盆沉积学及其油气勘探开发具有重要指导和参考价值。

塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带构造特征及勘探领域

利用新的三维地震资料,综合运用等时地层格架及构造解析方法,分析了塔中Ⅰ号构造带复杂的构造特征及油气富集的差异性。研究结果表明:塔中Ⅰ号构造带是早奥陶世末至晚奥陶世早期形成的大型逆冲断裂带,在上奥陶统沉积前遭受长期侵蚀而形成复杂的断裂坡折带。在上奥陶统良里塔格组沉积时,沿高陡断裂坡折带发育台地边缘礁滩复合体,形成碳酸盐岩沉积坡折带。塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带在横向上具有分段性,其间通过构造变换带的调节作用分为结构与形成演化各具特征的5 段,各段油气富集具有明显的差异性。塔中44井区礁滩复合体发育,是实现碳酸盐岩高产、稳产勘探的首选领域;塔中45 井区构造作用与岩溶作用强烈,是寻找大规模缝洞系统的有利领域。这2个区带是在塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带寻找大油气田的主攻目标。

基于电流转移的断路器弧后电流测量方法

断路器的弧后电流是断路器开断性能的重要参量,为了获取高精度、低干扰的弧后电流,本文提出了一种基于真空开关、转移电阻、保护间隙和高精度电流传感器构成的弧后电流测量方法,其中真空开关负责导通大电流,在电流过零前电流转移到转移电阻上,然后利用高精度电流传感器间接测量弧后电流。建立了弧后电流装置的电流转移过程模型,分析了电流转移完成时刻和转移电流峰值受转移电阻、电流大小和真空开关刚分时刻的影响。基于仿真得到弧后电流测量装置的参数,设计了弧后电流测量装置样机,对转移电阻进行了特殊无感设计并与保护间隙实现配合保护。最后进行了10 k V真空断路器在合成回路试验中的弧后电流测量,在开断5 k A电流时,弧后电流峰值为500 m A左右,脉宽5μs,弧后测量干扰小,波形平滑。对比试验结果和前人研究成果,验证了基于电流转移原理的弧后电流测量装置的可行性和准确性。