期刊文献+
共找到2,715篇文章
< 1 2 136 >
每页显示 20 50 100
Prevention and Control Measures of Environmental Pollution Problem Caused by Dairy Farming in Inner Mongolia 被引量:1
1
作者 Hong Li 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2013年第12期54-56,共3页
Environmental pollution problem generated in dairy farming process is the bottleneck restricting development of animal husbandry. By using the investigation data from dairy farmers of Inner Mongolia,environmental poll... Environmental pollution problem generated in dairy farming process is the bottleneck restricting development of animal husbandry. By using the investigation data from dairy farmers of Inner Mongolia,environmental pollution problem generated by dairy farming in Inner Mongolia and its cause were analyzed,and prevention and control measures were put forward. The research result showed that weak technology support of environmental treatment and environmental-protection awareness of dairy farmer and bad application effect of pollution control technology caused by lower education degree of dairy farmer were main reasons for environmental pollution problem. We should develop dairy circular economy,advocate a moderate scale,scientifically breed,and enhance training of pollution control technology and propaganda to protect environment. 展开更多
关键词 Dairy farming Environmental pollution prevention and control measures Inner Mongolia China
下载PDF
Research on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution in Building Construction
2
作者 Zeyuan Wang 《Journal of Architectural Research and Development》 2019年第2期5-8,共4页
The quality of human life has been greatly improved with the rapid development of the market economy.However,at the same time,people are paying more attention to the problems caused by environmental pollution.As a res... The quality of human life has been greatly improved with the rapid development of the market economy.However,at the same time,people are paying more attention to the problems caused by environmental pollution.As a result,there is an increase in environmental awareness.At the present stage,people are concerned about the negative impact that building construction has on the environment.Building construction enterprises must have preventive measures and deal with environmental pollution during construction.This is to minimize pollution caused by construction and to satisfy the implementation of green civilization construction.This is important as it can enhance the development of socialist spiritual civilization and thus promote the expansion of enterprises in the long run.The author explores and analyzes the main types of environmental pollution generated in building construction.Besides,the author provides effective measures for the prevention and control of environmental pollution caused by building construction to reduce its adverse impact on the environment. 展开更多
关键词 BUILDING construction ENVIRONMENTAL pollution prevention and control EFFECTIVE measures
下载PDF
Prevention and Control of Rural Environmental Pollution Based on Rural Revitalization Strategy
3
作者 Qin HU Junying WEI 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2018年第8期37-39,共3页
In 2018,the rural revitalization strategy proposed by the No. 1 Document of the central government. Based on the current situation of rural environmental pollution in China,this paper explored the relationship between... In 2018,the rural revitalization strategy proposed by the No. 1 Document of the central government. Based on the current situation of rural environmental pollution in China,this paper explored the relationship between rural revitalization strategy and prevention and control of rural environmental pollution. On this basis,it analyzed the causes of serious rural environmental pollution in China,Finally,it came up with recommendations including establishing a sound rural environmental governance system,making diversified capital investment for nurturing " green farmers". 展开更多
关键词 农村 振兴战略 环境保护 环境污染
下载PDF
Feed-Forward Active Noise Control System Using Microphone Array 被引量:4
4
作者 Yang Li Lichuan Liu Sen M.Kuo 《IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica》 SCIE EI CSCD 2018年第5期946-952,共7页
Feedforward active noise control(ANC)system are widely used to reduce the wide-band noise in different application.In feedforward ANC systems,when the noise source is unknown,the misplacement of the reference micropho... Feedforward active noise control(ANC)system are widely used to reduce the wide-band noise in different application.In feedforward ANC systems,when the noise source is unknown,the misplacement of the reference microphone may violate the causality constraint.We present a performance analysis of the feedforward ANC system under a noncausal condition.The ANC system performance degrades when the degree of noncausality increases.This research applies the microphone array technique to feedforward ANC systems to solve the unknown noise source problem.The generalized cross-correlation(GCC)and steering response power(SRP)methods based on microphone array are used to estimate the noise source location.Then,the ANC system selects the proper reference microphone for a noise control algorithm.The simulation and experiment results show that the SRP method can estimate the noise source direction with 84%accuracy.The proposed microphone array integrated ANC system can dramatically improve the system performance. 展开更多
关键词 Active noise control CAUSALITY direction estimation generalized cross-correlation(GCC) microphone-array noise pollution noise source steering response power(SRP)
下载PDF
Pollution Status of Dioxins Persistent Organic Pollutants in Guangxi and Control Countermeasures
5
作者 Lin Hua Fan Yongji +2 位作者 Feng Bo Chen Zhiming Mo Zhaoyu 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2017年第1期59-60,共2页
Production and pollution control situations of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi were introduced.Pollution status of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi was understood,and the existing prob... Production and pollution control situations of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi were introduced.Pollution status of dioxins persistent organic pollutants in Guangxi was understood,and the existing problems in pollution control were analyzed,and finally pollution control countermeasures and suggestions were proposed. 展开更多
关键词 DIOXIN Persistent organic POLLUTANTS pollution status prevention and control COUNTERMEASURES China
下载PDF
Legislative Countermeasures for Preventing and Controlling Water Pollution in Water-deficient Regions
6
作者 Shi Yuanyuan Sun Changhong +1 位作者 An Tongyan Chen Dadi 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2014年第10期56-59,共4页
The shortage of water resources is severe in Beijing. The shortage of eco-environmental water and the sewage discharge over the environmental capacity are main bottlenecks that restrict the improvement of water enviro... The shortage of water resources is severe in Beijing. The shortage of eco-environmental water and the sewage discharge over the environmental capacity are main bottlenecks that restrict the improvement of water environment. The reuse of wastewater could not only reduce the discharge of pollutants,but it could also increase the consumption of eco-environmental water. Therefore the reuse of wastewater is an important approach to improve the water environmental quality. Combined with the formulation process of Regulations of Beijing on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution,the current situations of prevention and control of water pollution in Beijing,the discharge of pollutant,water environmental quality,the population and economic development and water resources and so on were analyzed. And the bottlenecks that restricted the improvement of water environmental quality were found. And the necessity of solving the control of water pollution by reusing the wastewater and ensuring the consumption of eco-environmental water was analyzed from the perspective of the control of water pollution. And some legislative countermeasures were put forward,which provided new ideas for solving the problem of the prevention and control of water pollution and improving the water environmental quality. It was of important reference values for local governments( especially water-deficient regions) to make relative polices or plans of water pollution control and water environmental protection. 展开更多
关键词 Water environment pollution prevention and control REUSE Water resources LEGISLATION China
下载PDF
Prioritizing and Providing Sound Pollution Control Strategies at the CPF of North Azadegan Oilfield Project
7
作者 Ali Askari Ali Salehi Sahl Abadi +3 位作者 Alimardan Alinia Milad Pourjaafar Aref Honairi Haghighi Elham Akhlaghi Pirposhteh 《Sound & Vibration》 EI 2021年第4期329-341,共13页
Among the harmful occupational factors,noise is the most common exposure in the oil industrial workplaces.The present study aimed to prioritize sound pollution areas in central processing facilities(CPF)of an oil fiel... Among the harmful occupational factors,noise is the most common exposure in the oil industrial workplaces.The present study aimed to prioritize sound pollution areas in central processing facilities(CPF)of an oil field in order to provide corrective action in the studied industry and similar industries.After reviewing the issued permit to work,job description and noise dosimetry test,the evaluated areas were selected then sound pressure levels in the referenced areas investigated according to ISO 9612–2009(E)next the noise map prepared for all selected areas.For identifying the prioritized areas to implement the control measures NCPI was used.After identifying the first priority area with sound pressure levels greater than 85 dB,the frequency analysis was performed and Isosonic map was prepared by Surfer v10 and AutoCAD 2014.In the last step,in order to provide appropriate corrective action plan,the compatibility of the determined control actions with the production process was examined.The findings of this study indicates that 74%of the aforesaid area has the first priority to perform control measures in the caution zone and the remaining 26%is in the danger zone.In this study it has been demonstrated that implementing control measures for Zone 2 have first priority.The main source of the noise in this zone is fluid(Gas)flow through the piping and HP Gas Compressors.The results of this study shows that using effective factors such as exposure time,sound pressure level and number of exposed persons,can be present suitable model to prioritize noise control. 展开更多
关键词 Oil industry NCPI noise pollution noise control harmful factors
下载PDF
The Occurrence and Prevention of Filamentous Algae in Ecological Purification System of Micro-polluted Water
8
作者 CANG Ji-jun ZUO Zhuo +2 位作者 GUO Xiao ZHU Xue-dan ZHAO Jin-geng 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2012年第1期66-68,共3页
[ Objective ] The aim was to study the influence of filamentous algae on the process of water ecological purification. [ Method ] The occurrence mechanism of filamentous algae and its ecological system were summarized... [ Objective ] The aim was to study the influence of filamentous algae on the process of water ecological purification. [ Method ] The occurrence mechanism of filamentous algae and its ecological system were summarized and analyzed. Considering the ecological purification in north- ern Jiangsu, the occurrence and prevention of filamentous algae in water, the method to prevent filamentous algae in polluted water was discussed. [ Result] The results showed that by measures of improving planting density, regular harvesting, and water flow state control before the filamentous algae blooming period, together with improving local pH value, light interference and ecological control during the blooming period, can effectively control the filamentous algae blooming. [ Condusion] The study of the happening mechanism of filamentous algae provided theoretical references and the technical basis in the work of filamentous algae prevention and control. 展开更多
关键词 Water source Micro-polluted water Ecological purification system LICHEN Filamentous algae prevention and control China
下载PDF
Experimental study on mechanism and protection of stress ulcer produced by explosive noise 被引量:13
9
作者 LIU Guo Shi 1, HUANG Yu Xin 1, LI Shuan Wei 2, PAN Bo Rong 3, WANG Xin 1, SUN Da Yong 1 and WANG Qing Li 1 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1998年第6期64-68,共5页
AIM To establish an experimental model of stress ulcer produced by explosive noise, and to probe into its mechanism and protection. METHODS The country standard Wistar white rats were randomly divided into control ... AIM To establish an experimental model of stress ulcer produced by explosive noise, and to probe into its mechanism and protection. METHODS The country standard Wistar white rats were randomly divided into control group ( n =8), which were neither stimulated nor protected, and stimulating group (divided into subgroups A, B and C, including 8 rats each which were decapitated to draw blood for test immediately, 12 hours and 24 hours after stimulation) and prevention group (divided into subgroups A, B and C, having 8 rats each, subgroup A was given cimetidine, B anisodamine and C both drugs). Firing noises of submachine guns were used as inflicting factor. The rats were fasted for 24 hours and stimulated by firing noise for 12 hours. The change of ulcer index, gastric mucosal and related serum hormones were observed. RESULTS Stress ulcer was significant in the stimulating group, and its ulcer index (8 6±0 6) was remarkably higher than that in both the control group and prevention group (0 3±0 1, P <0 01). Its serum gastrin (Gas ng/L , 294±163 vs 63±40, P <0 01) and endothelin (ET ng/L , 181±57 vs 135±42, P <0 01) were apparently higher than those in the control group, and its serum nitric oxide (NO) level was conspicuously lower than that in the control group ( ng/L , 0 2±0 1 vs 0 8±0 5, P <0 05), while the serum gastrin level ( ng/L , 556±225) in prevention group was distinctly higher than that in both the control ( P <0 01) and stimulating group ( P <0 05). There were no significant differences in the changes of ET and NO between the control and the stimulating groups. CONCLUSION Stress ulcer model of rats can be successfully established by the stimulation of explosive noise. Gas, ET and NO are related to the formation of stress ulcer, and play an important role in its mechanism. Hepatic function affected by noise is observed in this experiment. 展开更多
关键词 STOMACH ulcer/etiology STOMACH ulcer/prevention and control gastric mucosa/pathology noise/adverse effects STRESS ULCER
下载PDF
WATER POLLUTION IN CHINA:CURRENT STATUS, FUTURE TRENDS AND COUNTERMEASURES 被引量:1
10
作者 梅亚东 冯尚友 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 1993年第1期24-35,共12页
Based on the statistical data related to water pollution in recent years, this paper firstly describes in detail the current status of water pollution and water quality in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, groundwater and co... Based on the statistical data related to water pollution in recent years, this paper firstly describes in detail the current status of water pollution and water quality in rivers, lakes, reservoirs, groundwater and coastal waters in China, then makes a comprehensive analysis on future trends of water pollution in China. The authors hold that the economic power, technology level and management level have determinative influences on the current status and future trends of water pollution. At last, this paper discusses briefly the policies and measures for preventing and controlling water pollution in the light of the national conditions. 展开更多
关键词 RIVER pollution GROUNDWATER pollution WATER quality WATER pollution prevention and control
下载PDF
Research Progress on the Relationship between Air Pollution and Socio-economic Growth in China
11
作者 Xiaoming CHUAI Lele DU Haixia ZHOU 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2021年第6期1-6,共6页
Air pollution is a hot issue studied by scholars all over the world.Academic circles generally believe that socio-economic factors such as extensive economic growth,unbalanced proportion of industrial structure and un... Air pollution is a hot issue studied by scholars all over the world.Academic circles generally believe that socio-economic factors such as extensive economic growth,unbalanced proportion of industrial structure and unreasonable energy consumption structure are the main"culprits"of serious air pollution in China.Therefore,the relationship between air pollution and socio-economic growth has very important theoretical and practical significance for air pollution prevention and control and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of cities.Through literature research and summary methods,this paper studies the severity and harmfulness of air pollution in China,and deeply studies the research progress of socio-economic influencing factors of air pollution,environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis of air pollution,decoupling relationship between air pollution and socio-economic growth,so as to provide useful reference for the prevention and control of air pollution. 展开更多
关键词 Air pollution Socio-economic factors Kuznets curve Decoupling theory prevention and control countermeasures
下载PDF
中国大气污染防治政策与空气污染治理——基于城市级面板数据的实证研究 被引量:4
12
作者 李兰兰 梁雪 +1 位作者 李晶晶 焦建玲 《生态经济》 北大核心 2024年第3期179-186,共8页
2013年颁布实施的《大气污染防治行动计划》是我国首个针对环境突出问题开展综合治理的行动计划;为巩固治理效果,应对动态变化的环境问题,2018年国务院进一步发布了《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》。研究利用中国258个城市2013年1月至2... 2013年颁布实施的《大气污染防治行动计划》是我国首个针对环境突出问题开展综合治理的行动计划;为巩固治理效果,应对动态变化的环境问题,2018年国务院进一步发布了《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》。研究利用中国258个城市2013年1月至2020年9月日度空气污染数据,实证检验了上述两阶段政策对空气质量的影响,并从不同污染物治理效果、时间和区域异质性等角度分析了政策效应的差异。结果指出:第一,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”均显著降低了AQI、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO;第二,相比“大气十条”,“蓝天保卫战”对NO_(2)的减排效应更高,且实现对O_(3)的协同治理;第三,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”对各污染物的减排效应因供暖时期、地区能源资源禀赋呈现出较强的异质性特征。 展开更多
关键词 《大气污染防治行动计划》 《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》 空气污染治理 异质性分析
下载PDF
我国农业面源污染研究与展望 被引量:1
13
作者 安志装 索琳娜 刘宝存 《植物营养与肥料学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第7期1422-1436,共15页
农业面源污染会带来一定的生态环境风险。经过20多年的治理,我国面源污染基础研究和防控工作取得重要进展,构建了流域、区域或国家尺度农业面源污染源汇路径全过程监测与评估体系,基本厘清了不同生态条件下农田系统中氮磷流失的主控因子... 农业面源污染会带来一定的生态环境风险。经过20多年的治理,我国面源污染基础研究和防控工作取得重要进展,构建了流域、区域或国家尺度农业面源污染源汇路径全过程监测与评估体系,基本厘清了不同生态条件下农田系统中氮磷流失的主控因子,初步探明了农田有毒有害化学/生物污染与防控机制。在防控技术层面,研发出新型、绿色肥料替代常规化肥减量投入技术与产品,氮、磷高效利用污染负荷减排技术,土壤氮、磷增容负荷减排技术,坡耕地氮磷流失阻控技术,农业废弃物资源化利用技术与消纳装备。我国农业氮、磷排放污染负荷虽整体呈下降趋势,但依然是影响我国环境质量的首要污染因子,且农业面源污染呈现新的特征,表现为养殖业尤其是水产养殖业污染问题逐渐突出,残留地膜、农药、抗生素、激素、病原微生物等新型污染物污染问题不容忽视,面源污染途径从以径流扩散为主转向淋溶、挥发、累积并重的阶段,污染介质从单一地表水体转向包括地下水体、大气以及农田生态系统并存的状态。未来应以本领域我国取得科研成果和相关信息资源为基础,利用数字技术和AI技术,构建我国农业面源污染防控技术和管理融合大数据模型和系统理论,持续加强田块、流域、区域等多尺度面源污染防控技术集成配套与工程化应用研究,培育绿色低碳农业新质生产力产业,落实防控技术工程“政—产—学—研—用”保障机制与措施,以提升区域或流域尺度面源污染防控技术的环境、经济和社会综合效益,全面推进我国农业面源污染治理工作,促进农业高质量健康发展。 展开更多
关键词 农业面源污染 污染特征 技术产品与装备 防控思路与策略
下载PDF
贵州裸露型岩溶地下河系统污染防治技术——以遵义坪桥地下河系统污染防治工程为例 被引量:1
14
作者 陈涛 赵华宣 +5 位作者 李强 赵彬 陈浩 江峰 易世友 高峰 《钻探工程》 2024年第3期60-68,共9页
裸露型岩溶区岩溶强发育、水文地质条件复杂,受污染的地下河系统通道隐蔽性强、污染防治难度大。本文以坪桥地下河系统污染防治工程为例,在近污染源的主径流通道实施“地下水防渗帷幕+污水抽排”工程措施实现近源截排。施工面临岩溶破... 裸露型岩溶区岩溶强发育、水文地质条件复杂,受污染的地下河系统通道隐蔽性强、污染防治难度大。本文以坪桥地下河系统污染防治工程为例,在近污染源的主径流通道实施“地下水防渗帷幕+污水抽排”工程措施实现近源截排。施工面临岩溶破碎地层易掉块卡埋钻、钻效低及岩溶强发育段浆液扩散距离远等难题。通过配备适宜的钻进工艺,采取纯压式灌浆、水泥砂浆灌填溶洞、低压限量及速凝浆液灌注等灌浆控制措施,保证了工程进度质量,实现了源头治理污染地下水的目的。“近源截排”对类似水文地质条件下地下水污染防治提供可借鉴的地学治理模式。 展开更多
关键词 裸露型岩溶 地下河系统 污染防治 防渗帷幕 近源截排 浆液流距控制 地学治理
下载PDF
土壤污染防治规定的法典表达 被引量:1
15
作者 胡静 《西北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第3期113-123,共11页
环境法典编纂对于土壤污染防治规定的安排必须处理好预防与治理、污染防治与土地利用之间的关系。本语境下预防的对象是污染后果而非健康损害。污染源控制分则编应以预防为主,土壤污染防治分则编的定位是以治理为重心。《土壤污染防治... 环境法典编纂对于土壤污染防治规定的安排必须处理好预防与治理、污染防治与土地利用之间的关系。本语境下预防的对象是污染后果而非健康损害。污染源控制分则编应以预防为主,土壤污染防治分则编的定位是以治理为重心。《土壤污染防治法》关于治理责任的构成要件、多类或多个责任主体间责任承担关系的规定缺失,土壤污染防治分则编应从终局责任和中间责任、连带责任和按份责任角度填补这一结构性疏漏。为避免交叉重复,环境法典应根据预防性措施的规定内容综合考虑其在土壤污染防治分则编和污染源控制分则编的位置安排。环境法典应在国土空间规划、建设用地土地使用权变动、污染治理后土地的再利用三方面建立土壤污染防治与土地利用的衔接。 展开更多
关键词 环境法典 土壤污染防治 单行法模式 法典模式 土地利用
下载PDF
邻里噪声污染防治立法现状及江苏省立法建议
16
作者 宋兴伟 胡玲 +2 位作者 张伟 武金发 邓磊 《环境监控与预警》 2024年第1期100-103,108,共5页
社会生活噪声污染来源多、成因复杂、影响范围广,对公众健康危害大。产生社会生活噪声污染纠纷时,其法律主体复杂,涉及部门多,受影响群众覆盖范围广,是社会各界较为关注的噪声类型之一。邻里噪声是社会生活噪声的重要组成部分。介绍了... 社会生活噪声污染来源多、成因复杂、影响范围广,对公众健康危害大。产生社会生活噪声污染纠纷时,其法律主体复杂,涉及部门多,受影响群众覆盖范围广,是社会各界较为关注的噪声类型之一。邻里噪声是社会生活噪声的重要组成部分。介绍了法国、德国、美国等国家邻里噪声的立法现状,我国国家层面有关邻里噪声的法律规定,以及地方邻里噪声的立法实践;系统分析了江苏省邻里噪声扰民的主要类型、特点和污染防治的现状;针对性地提出了邻里噪声污染防治的立法建议,可为江苏省噪声污染防治立法提供参考。 展开更多
关键词 邻里噪声 噪声污染防治 法律法规 立法建议 江苏
下载PDF
密封电子元器件与装置多余物检测发展综述
17
作者 李鹏飞 翟国富 +2 位作者 孙志刚 王国涛 赵相江 《电工技术学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第10期3152-3179,3217,共29页
密封电子元器件与装置作为航天系统中的重要组成部分,具有高精密性、高可靠性以及高复杂性的典型特点,而多余物问题是严重影响其高可靠性的主要因素之一。随着航天技术的快速发展,多余物检测技术也在不断改进与深入。该文以认识多余物... 密封电子元器件与装置作为航天系统中的重要组成部分,具有高精密性、高可靠性以及高复杂性的典型特点,而多余物问题是严重影响其高可靠性的主要因素之一。随着航天技术的快速发展,多余物检测技术也在不断改进与深入。该文以认识多余物、控制多余物产生以及检测多余物为主线,围绕多余物的防控方法、检测方法、检测标准进行综合论述。着重分析了检测方法中的颗粒碰撞噪声检测(PIND)方法,分别从小型元器件多余物检测、中大型装置多余物检测两个角度,针对现有研究进展逐一进行了详细的介绍。在此基础上,结合现有国内多余物检测研究的现状,针对多余物检测的难点与未来发展趋势进行归纳,并提出了期望与目标。 展开更多
关键词 密封电子元器件与装置 多余物检测 颗粒碰撞噪声检测(PIND)方法 标准 防与控制
下载PDF
河套灌区农业高效节水与面源污染防控技术
18
作者 张宝忠 闫晋阳 +5 位作者 张彦群 陈皓锐 刘凌 刘怀宇 陈鹤 莫彦 《水利发展研究》 2024年第5期1-7,共7页
针对河套灌区水资源短缺、农业面源污染严重等问题,从不同空间尺度和治理环节入手开展灌区农业高效节水与面源污染源头防控技术研究。研发了针对污染源头的农田水肥盐药调控管理技术模式(包括除草剂残留研究与用量推荐、土壤水氮盐和作... 针对河套灌区水资源短缺、农业面源污染严重等问题,从不同空间尺度和治理环节入手开展灌区农业高效节水与面源污染源头防控技术研究。研发了针对污染源头的农田水肥盐药调控管理技术模式(包括除草剂残留研究与用量推荐、土壤水氮盐和作物生长对水肥管理的响应、减量膜上秋浇技术及次生盐渍化土壤微生物改良技术)、针对农田排水的富氧生态沟渠截污净化技术模式和区域尺度的面源污染空间解析识别技术,并集成构建了贯穿源头控污—过程削污—区域查污—系统调污的高效节水型农业面源污染防控技术体系。基于现状研究和新发展理念提出了河套灌区水土资源领域研究的几点认识,相关成果为河套灌区高质量发展提供了重要支撑,对同类型灌区具有重要借鉴意义。 展开更多
关键词 面源污染 源头 节水减排 排沟 综合防控
下载PDF
“双碳”背景下中国海上石油污染防治法律制度的体系化构建
19
作者 王学栋 王梦科 《中国人口·资源与环境》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期117-125,共9页
实现碳达峰碳中和已成为中国经济发展和社会转型的重要目标,同时对生态环境法治建设中法律目标确定与法律制度建设提出了新要求。海洋作为地球系统中最大的碳库,在提升生态系统碳汇能力方面扮演着重要的角色。随着海上石油开发利用活动... 实现碳达峰碳中和已成为中国经济发展和社会转型的重要目标,同时对生态环境法治建设中法律目标确定与法律制度建设提出了新要求。海洋作为地球系统中最大的碳库,在提升生态系统碳汇能力方面扮演着重要的角色。随着海上石油开发利用活动的日益增加,海上勘探、开采、运输及相关作业性活动造成的污染事件频发,推进海洋生态环境污染治理的法治化已成为全球生态环境保护的必然选择。海上石油污染防治法律制度具备一般污染防治法律制度的特征与表现形式,但因其法律关系主体的复杂性、规范内容的不确定性、制度适用的局限性而具有自身的特殊性。海洋环境污染的治理具有天然的国际性,而多极化的时代背景使得全球海洋污染治理更具挑战性。各国的海上石油污染治理体系虽然不同,但通过比较研究发现,其法律制度的构建多依托并服务于国家战略,强调价值理念的引导作用,以及在明确法律责任的基础上侧重构建跨界治理法律实施体系。中国海上石油污染防治的法治建设因法律规范水平与海洋治理需求之间存在明显张力,目前面临着技术性、衔接性、功能性等多重困境。这就亟须理顺多要素法律规范层级制度构建的生成思路,从内容框定、制度衔接、救济保障三个层面系统构建中国海上石油污染防治法律制度体系,包括推进国家责任基础上硬法与软法统筹的法律体系建设,建立跨界合作视域下的海上石油污染风险防范与监管制度,构建以整体性治理为导向的法律救济制度,以期实现对全球海洋污染治理格局变化的积极回应与全球海洋污染治理共识的有效聚合。 展开更多
关键词 “双碳” 海上石油 污染防治 体系化 法律制度 比较视角
下载PDF
南水北调中线水源区农田面源污染防治现状分析与对策建议
20
作者 辛小康 王超 +4 位作者 柳根 程靖华 秦赫 陈正友 肖新宗 《中国水利》 2024年第20期81-88,共8页
为进一步明晰当前南水北调中线水源区污染来源,精准开展水源地水质保护,采用2017—2023年长系列水质资料,分析丹江口水库及入库河流水质特征,采用资料收集、文献调研及模型计算等方法,估算总氮、总磷污染负荷组成,采用实证分析方法分析... 为进一步明晰当前南水北调中线水源区污染来源,精准开展水源地水质保护,采用2017—2023年长系列水质资料,分析丹江口水库及入库河流水质特征,采用资料收集、文献调研及模型计算等方法,估算总氮、总磷污染负荷组成,采用实证分析方法分析了南水北调中线水源区面源污染治理存在的问题并提出对策建议。结果表明:丹江口水库总体水质良好,整体可达到Ⅱ类水质目标(湖库水质标准),但汛期水量较大时因总磷浓度升高会引起超标断面个数明显增加,以2021年和2023年丹江口水库实现170 m正常蓄水位的年份最为典型,而此时汉江、丹江等主要入库河流水质也下降,由以往Ⅱ类下降为Ⅲ类(河流水质标准)。无论是枯水年、丰水年,农田面源污染均已成为影响丹江口水库水质主导因素,总氮贡献率分别达到85.16%和57.73%,总磷贡献率分别达到77.74%和57.17%。当前水源区农田面源污染治理存在农田面源底数不清、农民减施化肥农药积极性不高、生态产品价值实现机制不顺等问题,迫切需要加强南水北调中线水源区农田面源污染防治。提出建立“天空地”一体化面源污染监测预警体系,研究新型高效生物农药、生物肥料,开展沟塘水系面源阻控体系建设,研究生态产品价值实现机制等对策建议。 展开更多
关键词 南水北调中线 水源区 农田面源污染 防治对策
下载PDF
上一页 1 2 136 下一页 到第
使用帮助 返回顶部