The Overview of Database Security Threats’ Solutions: Traditional and Machine Learning

As an information-rich collective, there are always some people who choose to take risks for some ulterior purpose and others are committed to finding ways to deal with database security threats. The purpose of database security research is to prevent the database from being illegally used or destroyed. This paper introduces the main literature in the field of database security research in recent years. First of all, we classify these papers, the classification criteria are the influencing factors of database security. Compared with the traditional and machine learning (ML) methods, some explanations of concepts are interspersed to make these methods easier to understand. Secondly, we find that the related research has achieved some gratifying results, but there are also some shortcomings, such as weak generalization, deviation from reality. Then, possible future work in this research is proposed. Finally, we summarize the main contribution.

Application of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Food and Water Security in the Semi-Arid Turkana County, Kenya

Weather extremes negatively affect socioeconomic developments in arid and semi-arid areas (ASALs) and increase vulnerability of residents to food and water insecurity. Thus, communities adapt to such extremes of weather using Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and/or Modern Technologies. Modern farming technologies and land resource developments in ASALs have in past ignored TEK, and in most cases led to undesired outcomes. It’s against this backdrop that this study was conceived to assess TEK among the Turkana people, its application and contribution to food and water security. The research adopted a cross-sectional social survey in collecting data from Central Turkana Sub-County residents. The study revealed that the Turkana people possess vast knowledge related to their environment;that this TEK plays a significant role in food production, preservation and in natural resource management. For instance, in 82% of the respondents use TEK in enhancing livestock production through the selection of livestock species that are suitable and drought tolerant;over 70% of them use TEK in reducing risk associated with livestock losses due to prolonged droughts. Further, TEK influenced the development and conservation of the water resources (r = 0.631;p < 0.01) including siting boreholes and wells. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.755;p < 0.01) between TEK and food security. TEK should be incorporated into the decision-making processes involving development projects within the ASALs.

The Role of Traditional Rulers in Addressing Security Challenges: Reflections on Native Authority System in Colonial Sokoto Emirate, 1903-1960

Sokoto Emirate was one of the three(later four)constituent emirates in colonial Sokoto Province,Northern Nigeria.The others being Sokoto,Gwandu,Argungu,and Yauri Emirates.It is located at the northwestern most part of Nigeria.The Sokoto Emirate covers the present day Sokoto and Zamfara states of Nigeria.During the British colonial administration,native authority(NA)system was a model of local government administration created under the“indirect rule system”.It was a system where by the pre-colonial traditional leadership institutions were modified and allowed to function in the local government administration introduced by the British.This paper assessed the role played by traditional leadership institutions in addressing security challenges during the British colonial administration of Sokoto Emirate.In particular,the role played by the NA in arresting Mahdist uprisings,and other related extremist religious movements on the one hand,as well as rural banditry,armed robbery,theft,among other security challenges in the emirate,are highlighted.The paper further argued that some of the roles played by the traditional leadership institutions in successfully addressing those challenges are still relevant in addressing the problems of insurgency on the one hand,and some of the recent emerging security challenges,in northwestern Nigeria,such as cattle rustling,rural banditry,kidnappings,robbery,and other related challenges.

The Income Security System in Japanese Traditional Performing Arts： A Strategy for Utilizing the Nation＇s Traditional Arts Resources

The objective of this paper is to examine an effective strategy for maintaining and utilizing the traditional arts resources of Japan. The authors explore two pillars of the strategy. One is to improve the quality of Japanese traditional performing arts by securing incomes for artists. The other is to utilize the traditional arts as a medium to expand Japanese cultural influence in foreign countries and to improve Japan＇s branding as a nation. First, the authors focus on the income security system practiced in traditional Japanese music and describe the discrepancy between short- and long-run optimality. The authors prove that the reputation of this art form affects its popularity and that it is optimal for the Iemoto （the head of the music school） to restrict the number of pupils in onstage performances in order to maintain stage quality. Second, the authors provide evidence that effective methods for a country to expand its cultural influence across the world differ among nations. The authors conduct willingness-to-pay （WTP） experiments and find that while German audiences largely prefer traditional Japanese music, those in the USA are slightly partial to its mixed fusion form. Therefore, the effective ways to expand Japanese cultural influence in foreign countries differ from one country to another.

Traditional Chinese medicine compounds for the treatment of functional dyspepsia:an updated meta-analysis of randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trials

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)compounds for the treatment of functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods The Pub Med,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Chinese Biomedical Database(CBM),Wanfang Data,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP)were searched to collect randomized,double-blind,and placebo-controlled trials of FD treated with TCM compounds.The search duration was from the establishment of the database to March 2,2021.After two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,and evaluated the bias risk included in the study,they used Rev Man 5.4 software for meta-analysis.Results A total of 23 clinical trials were included,including 2898 patients.Meta-analysis showed that the overall remission rate of FD treated with TCM compounds was significantly higher than that of placebo(73.8%vs.46.2%)[RR=1.50,95%CI(1.29,1.76),P<0.00001].Among the single symptoms,TCM compounds were superior to the placebo in improving epigastric pain[MD=﹣0.99,95%CI(﹣1.37,﹣0.61),P<0.00001],epigastric burning sensation[MD=﹣0.32,95%CI(﹣0.59,﹣0.05),P=0.02],postprandial fullness discomfort[MD=﹣1.59,95%CI(﹣1.96,﹣1.21),P<0.00001],and early satiety symptoms[MD=﹣0.93,95%CI(﹣1.32,﹣0.54),P<0.00001].Compared with the placebo,TCM compounds treatment can obviously improve TCM syndrome in patients with FD[MD=﹣5.58,95%CI(﹣7.55,﹣3.61),P<0.00001],gastric emptying rate[MD=12.22,95%CI(8.90,15.55),P<0.00001],and helped to improve patients’quality of life[MD=11.27,95%CI(0.10,22.43),P=0.05].No severe adverse events were reported between the two groups[RR=1.34,95%CI(0.91,1.96),P=0.14].Conclusion Our results showed that TCM compounds treatment could significantly alleviate FD symptoms,improve gastric emptying in FD patients,and help to improve their quality of life.No severe adverse reactions have been reported in clinical applications.Due to the limitation of the quantity and quality of the included studies,the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.

Dying Traditional Water Bodies in India Struggling to Survive against Unplanned Development

India is endowed with diverse and distinctive traditional water bodies. They support large human population and biodiversity but are under continuous stress, caused primarily by demographic pressure and unplanned growth. There has been a decline in their water quality and quantity and several of them have vanished, thanks to improper monitoring of these water bodies. This research study was conducted in Meerut district to help government in identifying status of traditional water bodies and suggest steps necessary for protection of these water bodies. Similar research framework, with minor customization, could be applied to any other district in India. Meerut district, with a population of around 3.5 million people is in an abysmal state as the rivers and groundwater are highly polluted. The last resort—the traditional water bodies are also getting transformed into sewage ponds. A field based research was undertaken—which involved on-ground survey using GPS, GIS mapping & water quality testing of 120 ponds, distributed across 12 blocks of Meerut district to acquire a practical understanding of the status of these water bodies. The research team also did an informal discussion with around 500 residents, located nearby ponds, to understand the water situation of the locality. Results show that more than 50% of water bodies are severely polluted (with D.O below 5mg/l) and total dissolved solids (more than 100 NTU). Fecal contamination was observed in all the ponds that were analyzed. The major problems are excessive nutrient pollution, leading to eutrophication, and sewage contamination. The spatial analysis finds out that around half the ponds have reduced in area. With around 100 upcoming cities in India and most of the cities already experiencing water scarcity, it is essential to digitize, monitor, control & prevent pollution and most essentially make the people and grassroots institutions aware in order to protect these essential water bodies from getting extinct.

Traditional agroecological knowledge and practices:The drivers and opportunities for adaptation actions in the northern region of Ghana

Agroecological practices are promoted as a more proactive approach than conventional agriculture to achieving a collective global response to climate change and variability while building robust and resilient agricultural systems to meet food needs and protect the integrity of ecosystems.There is relatively limited evidence on the key traditional agroecological knowledge and practices adopted by smallholder farmers,the factors that influence smallholder farmers’decision to adopt these practices,and the opportunities it presents for building resilient agricultural systems.Using a multi-scale mixed method approach,we conducted key informant interviews(n=12),focus group discussions(n=5),and questionnaire surveys(N=220)to explore the traditional agroecological knowledge and practices,the influencing factors,and the opportunities smallholder farmers presented for achieving resilient agricultural systems.Our findings suggest that smallholder farmers employ a suite of traditional agroecological knowledge and practices to enhance food security,combat climate change,and build resilient agricultural systems.The most important traditional agroecological knowledge and practices in the study area comprise cultivating leguminous crops,mixed crop-livestock systems,and crop rotation,with Relative Importance Index(RII)values of 0.710,0.708,and 0.695,respectively.It is reported that the choice of these practices by smallholder farmers is influenced by their own farming experience,access to market,access to local resources,information,and expertise,and the perceived risk of climate change.Moreover,the results further show that improving household food security and nutrition,improving soil quality,control of pest and disease infestation,and support from NonGovernmental Organizations(NGOs)and local authorities are opportunities for smallholder farmers in adopting traditional agroecological knowledge and practices for achieving resilient agricultural systems.The findings call into question the need for stakeholders and policy-makers at all levels to develop capacity and increase the awareness of traditional agroecological knowledge and practices as mechanisms to ensure resilient agricultural systems for sustainable food security.

新时代中国参与中东安全治理的理念与实践

进入新时代以来,中国始终坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观,倡导构建中东安全新架构。在参与中东传统安全治理、化解地区冲突方面,中国始终推动对话协商,致力于公正合理解决中东热点问题,构筑兼顾各方合理关切的集体安全架构。在改善地区安全环境方面,中国抓住中东地区主要安全矛盾,顺应地区国家寻求缓和与发展的时代潮流,取得了促成沙特与伊朗复交的重大成果。在参与非传统安全治理方面,中国与中东国家共同提高应对非传统安全威胁的能力,共同维护发展中国家的权益。在参与中东安全治理的过程中,中国形成了以共同安全破解独享安全、以综合安全破解分割安全、以合作安全破解竞争安全等理念和经验,在中东安全事务中发挥了重要的建设性作用。

数字经济刑法客体的理论构造:安全与发展

全面发展数字经济的既定重大方针,已触发中国式数字经济刑法的萌芽与生长,也开启了传统经济刑法的数字转型。围绕传统经济刑法客体的讨论、分歧与共识,既凸显客体及内容的重要地位,也显示出理论研究的复杂性。尽管可以吸取上述讨论中的“先见”,但更应扎根数字经济,经由数字经济刑法的前提设定新的犯罪客体及其内容。现阶段,侧重围绕数据犯罪的客体论争虽具有一定的现实合理性,却也一定程度上遮蔽了数字经济刑法客体的特定性、整体性与周全性。全面兼顾安全与发展是数字经济的终极追求与价值根基,也应当是数字经济刑法的基本理念与一般规律。围绕数字经济的应用场景,结合数字经济刑法的内外生态,可将安全与发展的保护内容予以具体化、类型化。

践行党的二十大精神 重塑传统特色国家一流专业

以党的二十大精神为指引,全面剖析河南工业大学传统优势专业过程装备与控制工程专业发展历程、发展现状、目前面临的机遇和挑战。结合专业目前存在的机遇和挑战,提出专业未来建设的具体思路、举措和核心问题,以期在党的二十大精神的指引下、重塑传统特色国家一流过程装备与控制工程专业,紧跟当前科技发展步伐,调整优化专业发展目标,引领粮机装备的持续发展,为国家粮食安全作出新的贡献。

中国传统安全研究十年进展

总体国家安全观提出十年来,中国的传统安全研究取得了显著进步。从研究议题看,中国的传统安全研究主要聚焦地区冲突,领土争端,联盟政治与伙伴关系,核安全、太空战略与网络安全,安全秩序等重要议题。在理论研究上,中国传统安全研究在宏观理论和中层理论方面都有大的提升。总的来看,中国传统安全研究在过去十年研究水平和国际化水平不断提升,中国学者发展了一些安全理论,在国际学术界产生了重要影响。在研究方法、人才梯队和学术共同体建设上,中国传统安全研究也取得了进步。不过,中国传统安全研究也面临着一些挑战:一方面,目前理论创新仍落后于中国的外交实践,难以满足构建中国自主知识体系的要求;另一方面,中国传统安全研究也面临学科碎片化和产出泡沫化的问题。展望未来,中国传统安全研究需紧扣中国和世界面临的重大战略问题,重视对中国经验的提炼和总结,通过基础理论创新为中华民族伟大复兴提供智力支撑。

中国传统社会保障制度体系建构的内在逻辑探究——基于文化与价值观的视角

中国传统价值观念的践行与社会保障制度建设是相辅相成、辩证统一的。传统社会保障制度的内容、形式及其功能构建是价值观认同的重要基础,其形成与发展以深厚的中华文明为底蕴。本文试图从传统文化与价值观的视角出发,揭示中国传统社会保障制度变迁的思想线索和内在机制,同时对其精神内核和价值向度进行深入的刻画,在此基础上,进一步探寻传统社会保障价值观与现代社会保障核心理念的相互推动与耦合,从而把握我国社会保障体系建构的内在逻辑,为下一步社会保障制度体系的高质量发展提供经验智慧和思想启示。

我国国家安全法律体系之检视

我国业已形成以《宪法》为依据、以基本法《国家安全法》为核心统领、以国家安全重要领域的专门立法为骨干支撑、以国家安全相关地方性立法为补充的新时代国家安全法律体系。在总体国家安全观的视阈下,对现行国家安全法律体系进行溯源性审视,可发现关涉国家安全的宪法依据尚存补充空间、国家安全法律体系的协调性和体系性不足、非传统安全领域立法仍存在空白等问题。进一步加强国家安全立法工作,应坚持以宪法为根本依据,坚持以人为本的立法理念,坚持守正创新的传承规律,坚持问题导向的忧患意识,坚持统筹兼顾的科学方法,坚持关键优先的效率原则,坚持“内方外圆”的立法形态,从而不断健全独具中国特色的国家安全法律体系。

总体国家安全观视域下地方高校平安校园建设研究

推动地方高校平安校园建设是贯彻落实总体国家安全观实践要求的需要,也是维护社会和谐稳定、落实立德树人根本任务、回应师生安全诉求的需要。当前地方高校平安校园建设不仅面临着传统安全问题和非传统安全问题,也面临着高校主客体安全防范意识不高等问题。推动新时代地方高校平安校园建设,需要构建平安校园长效管理机制体制,不断提升风险化解应急处突水平,科技赋能筑牢智慧校园安全防线,打造高校平安校园建设的主力军。

“土地换社保”能改变老年人的传统养老观念和养老行为吗?——来自征地养老保险政策实验的证据

“养儿防老”和“土地是命根子”塑造了中国农村社会千百年来不变的传统观念和养老模式,也构成了现代化转型的瓶颈。着眼于破解后者的“土地换社保”政策能否“一石两鸟”,既冲击“养儿防老”的传统观念,又能改变养老行为呢?本文从征地养老保险的政策实验安排出发,使用2011—2018年CHARLS数据,考察征地养老保险对传统养老观念和养老行为的影响。研究结果表明,征地养老保险使得农村老年人“养儿防老”的概率显著降低28.7%,减少了来自子女的代际经济支持,增加了对子女的经济支持力度,促进了社交活动参与,而对居住方式、劳动参与和孙子女照料没有显著影响。而一次性征地货币补偿等替代方案均不具备类似功能。本文还进行了异质性分析和稳健性检验,发现征地养老保险对老年人养老观念和养老行为的影响在高水平的征地养老保险地区和三个以上子女的家庭的影响更大。本文的结果表明,提供高水平稳定收入流的征地养老保险不但能弥补征地对农民造成的损失,还能改变农村传统养老观念和养老行为。

日本汉方医学与中医药文化安全

在文化安全视域下从日本对汉方医学知识产权与专利的保护、对我国道地中药材资源的控制采购、汉方制剂的标准化品质管理和汉方医学的创新发展四方面探讨其对中医药文化安全的影响,由此从提高创新能力、加强知识产权和道地中药材的保护、提升国际软实力方面提出维护中医药文化安全之举措。面对来自日本汉方医学的挑战,需要着力提升中医药文化。

电视胸腔镜与传统开胸手术治疗创伤性血胸的效果比较

目的探讨电视胸腔镜与传统开胸手术治疗创伤性血胸的效果与安全性。方法选取2021年3月—2023年8月武警山西总队医院确诊为创伤性血胸的82例患者,依据入院时间顺序分为2组,各41例。对照组行传统开胸手术处理,观察组行电视胸腔镜手术治疗。比较2组手术处理效果及安全性。结果观察组手术时间、术后胸腔引流时间、术后镇痛用药时间以及住院时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后24 h,观察组皮质醇(cortisol,Cor)、神经肽Y(neuropeptideY,NPY)以及P物质(substance P,SP)的检测值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后12 h以及术后第1、2、3天的疼痛程度评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症总发生率为7.32%,低于对照组的24.39%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论电视胸腔镜手术用于创伤性血胸的治疗效果确切,并可减轻创伤应激反应及术后疼痛程度,减少并发症发生,效果优于传统开胸手术。

湖北省中医医院网络安全建设现状分析与思考

目的/意义分析湖北省中医医院网络安全建设现状,为中医医院网络安全建设提供参考。方法/过程运用统计描述法整体分析中医医院网络安全建设现状,运用卡方检验法以医院级别或信息化投资作为分析维度对比医院网络安全建设现状的差异性。结果/结论湖北省中医医院普遍存在网络安全技术应用不充分、管理制度建设不完善等问题,提出应重视网络安全技术应用、健全管理制度、筑牢数据安全防线等对策建议。

总体国家安全观视野下认知安全的理论阐释

[研究目的]认知能力日渐成为数字社会发展的核心动能。在总体国家安全观视野下,确有必要加强认知安全的理论研究。[研究方法]通过文献分析、比较研究、案例研讨等方法,针对认知安全的话语建构、博弈态势、风险规律和保障体系等内容开展研究。[研究结论]认知安全是国家安全体系中非传统安全的新形式之一。围绕认知安全的竞争活动涉及内容生产、技术控制和渠道争夺,背后反映出激烈的话语博弈、科技博弈和战略博弈。认知安全风险呈现特定性、传递性和目的性的规律特点,危害个体权利、社会秩序和意识形态。认知安全的保障体系应当围绕价值共识体系、本土治理体系和国际合作体系三个方面展开建设。

地缘政治回归进程中的非传统安全研究:十年评估与未来议程

非传统安全研究反对国家中心主义与国际关系中的零和思维,与强调国家间竞争甚至对抗关系的地缘政治具有难以调和的内在张力。然而,当前世界正处于自冷战结束以来地缘政治回归且不断强化的时期:美国视中国为系统性竞争对手并在“印太战略”名义下采取广泛的对华遏制措施,俄乌冲突成为冷战结束以后规模最大的一次地区战争,世界还见证了新一轮巴以冲突的突然爆发。地缘政治的回归对非传统安全领域产生了深刻的影响,原来更多强调合作与非零和关系的国际贸易、环境保护、科技合作、能源安全等非传统安全议题,越来越被传统安全逻辑所影响、扭曲甚至控制,非传统安全议题成为大国博弈工具,非传统安全合作举步维艰。通过检视自2014年以来的中国非传统安全研究成果可以发现,少量成果意识到了非传统安全问题的“传统安全化”,但多数研究仍然对非传统安全概念与范式抱有过度乐观的期待,对地缘政治的回归重视不够,对非传统安全及其研究所受到的影响估计不足。根据总体国家安全观统筹传统安全与非传统安全的要求,未来的非传统安全研究必须更具现实感和针对性,通过重新发现安全事实和完善分析框架,强化对地缘政治变量的重视,进一步提升自己的学术意义与现实价值。