Forest and non-forest vegetation fulfils many non-productive and productive functions. A good understanding of the trajectories and drivers of the woody vegetation change is necessary for the relevant management. Rece...Forest and non-forest vegetation fulfils many non-productive and productive functions. A good understanding of the trajectories and drivers of the woody vegetation change is necessary for the relevant management. Recently, the number of studies devoted to monitoring forest cover changes has increased. However, these works do not fully distinguish between different categories of forest and non-forest woody vegetation. The main aim of the study was to propose a classification system for monitoring historic changes of woody vegetation in the landscape. The period of the last 150 years was mapped through three time-lines (1842, 1953 and 2011). Data were obtained by interpreting historic maps (Stable Cadastral map of 1842) and historical (1953) and current orthophoto (2011) using ArcGIS tools. The classification was applied on the example of Sokolov region (57 km2) located in western Bohemia. The result of the research is a proposal for classifying woody vegetation stands into four categories based on the structural and localisation criteria: (1) Line adjacent woodlands, (2) Landscape woodlands, (3) Settlement woodlands, and (4) Compact woodlands. Information on the woody vegetation development using the proposed classification system is important for understanding the patterns, pressures, and driving forces that led to the formation of the present-day forest and non-forest woody vegetation in the landscape. The results can also be applied as a basis for future forest management practice as they can be used in other different fields, e.g. history, archaeology etc.展开更多
Land use change and occupation have led to modifications in the environment causing loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services throughout the planet.Some environments with high economic relevance,such as the ferrugin...Land use change and occupation have led to modifications in the environment causing loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services throughout the planet.Some environments with high economic relevance,such as the ferruginous campo rupestre(rupestrian grassland known as Canga in Brazil),are even more susceptible to severe impacts due to their extreme habitat conditions and low resilience.The determination of reference ecosystems based on the intrinsic characteristics of the ecosystem is essential for conservation as well as to the implementation of ecological restoration.We proposed the reference ecosystem of the three main types of habitats of the ferruginous campo rupestre based on their floristic composition.We described the floristic composition of each habitat and evaluated the physicochemical properties of the soils and the relationship between plants and soils.All three habitats showed high diversity of plant species and many endemic species,such as Chamaecrista choriophylla,Cuphea pseudovaccinium,Lychnophora pinaster,and Vellozia subalata.The distribution of vegetation was strongly related with the edaphic characteristics,with a set of species more adapted to high concentration of base saturation,fine sand,organic carbon,and iron,while another set of species succeeded in more acidic soils with higher S and silt concentration.We provide support for the contention that the ferruginous campo rupestre is a mosaic of different habitats shaped by intrinsic local conditions.Failure to recognize the floristic composition of each particular habitat can lead to inappropriate restoration,increased habitat homogenization and increased loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services.This study also advances the knowledge base for building the reference ecosystem for the different types of ferruginous campo rupestre habitats,as well as a key database for highlighting those species contribute most to community assembly in this diverse and threatened tropical mountain ecosystem.展开更多
为深入了解国内外林下经济研究现状和趋势,以2002-2022年Web of Science核心数据库为数据来源,结合Citespace和VOSviewer等软件对国内外林下经济相关文献研究数量、研究机构、研究主题及关键词进行统计分析。结果表明:林下经济累积发文...为深入了解国内外林下经济研究现状和趋势,以2002-2022年Web of Science核心数据库为数据来源,结合Citespace和VOSviewer等软件对国内外林下经济相关文献研究数量、研究机构、研究主题及关键词进行统计分析。结果表明:林下经济累积发文量和累积被引频次呈指数增长的趋势;该领域发文量学者主要分布在美国、巴西、印度、德国、中国等地;世界农林研究中心、法国农业国际合作研究发展中心、中国科学院等机构在该领域发文量最大;林下经济学是一门主要以林学、农学、环境科学、生态学、植物学、土壤学等学科交叉而成的新型学科。此外,基于关键文献和关键词分析,低速发展期(2002-2007年)考虑林木生长、作物产量的影响研究,快速增长期(2008-2017年)考虑间作模式、优良品种选育、土壤理化性质及养分、分析方法、种间关系等机制研究,急速增长期(2018-2022年)作物化学成分(及内含物)和营养价值、植物根际和土壤微生物群落活性的响应机理、遥感技术的运用以及稳定同位素的溯源技术是主要研究趋势。展开更多
基金supported by Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic,project No.CR QH 82106 Re-cultivation as a tool for landscape functionality regeneration after opencast brown coal mining.
文摘Forest and non-forest vegetation fulfils many non-productive and productive functions. A good understanding of the trajectories and drivers of the woody vegetation change is necessary for the relevant management. Recently, the number of studies devoted to monitoring forest cover changes has increased. However, these works do not fully distinguish between different categories of forest and non-forest woody vegetation. The main aim of the study was to propose a classification system for monitoring historic changes of woody vegetation in the landscape. The period of the last 150 years was mapped through three time-lines (1842, 1953 and 2011). Data were obtained by interpreting historic maps (Stable Cadastral map of 1842) and historical (1953) and current orthophoto (2011) using ArcGIS tools. The classification was applied on the example of Sokolov region (57 km2) located in western Bohemia. The result of the research is a proposal for classifying woody vegetation stands into four categories based on the structural and localisation criteria: (1) Line adjacent woodlands, (2) Landscape woodlands, (3) Settlement woodlands, and (4) Compact woodlands. Information on the woody vegetation development using the proposed classification system is important for understanding the patterns, pressures, and driving forces that led to the formation of the present-day forest and non-forest woody vegetation in the landscape. The results can also be applied as a basis for future forest management practice as they can be used in other different fields, e.g. history, archaeology etc.
基金Anglo American and Knowledge Center for Biodiversity for financial supportthe research funding agencies CNPq(Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico)+2 种基金scholarship from CNPq(151341/2023-0,150001/2023-1)FAPEMIG(Fundação de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais)Peld-CRSC 17(Long Term Ecology Program-campo rupestre of Serra do Cipó)。
文摘Land use change and occupation have led to modifications in the environment causing loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services throughout the planet.Some environments with high economic relevance,such as the ferruginous campo rupestre(rupestrian grassland known as Canga in Brazil),are even more susceptible to severe impacts due to their extreme habitat conditions and low resilience.The determination of reference ecosystems based on the intrinsic characteristics of the ecosystem is essential for conservation as well as to the implementation of ecological restoration.We proposed the reference ecosystem of the three main types of habitats of the ferruginous campo rupestre based on their floristic composition.We described the floristic composition of each habitat and evaluated the physicochemical properties of the soils and the relationship between plants and soils.All three habitats showed high diversity of plant species and many endemic species,such as Chamaecrista choriophylla,Cuphea pseudovaccinium,Lychnophora pinaster,and Vellozia subalata.The distribution of vegetation was strongly related with the edaphic characteristics,with a set of species more adapted to high concentration of base saturation,fine sand,organic carbon,and iron,while another set of species succeeded in more acidic soils with higher S and silt concentration.We provide support for the contention that the ferruginous campo rupestre is a mosaic of different habitats shaped by intrinsic local conditions.Failure to recognize the floristic composition of each particular habitat can lead to inappropriate restoration,increased habitat homogenization and increased loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services.This study also advances the knowledge base for building the reference ecosystem for the different types of ferruginous campo rupestre habitats,as well as a key database for highlighting those species contribute most to community assembly in this diverse and threatened tropical mountain ecosystem.
文摘为深入了解国内外林下经济研究现状和趋势,以2002-2022年Web of Science核心数据库为数据来源,结合Citespace和VOSviewer等软件对国内外林下经济相关文献研究数量、研究机构、研究主题及关键词进行统计分析。结果表明:林下经济累积发文量和累积被引频次呈指数增长的趋势;该领域发文量学者主要分布在美国、巴西、印度、德国、中国等地;世界农林研究中心、法国农业国际合作研究发展中心、中国科学院等机构在该领域发文量最大;林下经济学是一门主要以林学、农学、环境科学、生态学、植物学、土壤学等学科交叉而成的新型学科。此外,基于关键文献和关键词分析,低速发展期(2002-2007年)考虑林木生长、作物产量的影响研究,快速增长期(2008-2017年)考虑间作模式、优良品种选育、土壤理化性质及养分、分析方法、种间关系等机制研究,急速增长期(2018-2022年)作物化学成分(及内含物)和营养价值、植物根际和土壤微生物群落活性的响应机理、遥感技术的运用以及稳定同位素的溯源技术是主要研究趋势。
