Cancer has become the first leading cause of death in the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Facing the increasing trend of cancer incidence and mortality, China issued and implemented ＂three-ea...Cancer has become the first leading cause of death in the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Facing the increasing trend of cancer incidence and mortality, China issued and implemented ＂three-early（early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment）＂ national cancer prevention plan. As the main body and dependence of social governance, non-governmental organizations（NGOs） take over the role of government in the field of cancer prevention and treatment. American Cancer Society（ACS） made a research on cancer NGOs and civil society in cancer control and found that cancer NGOs in developing countries mobilize civil society to work together and advocate governments in their countries to develop policies to address the growing cancer burden. Union for International Cancer Control（UICC）, Cancer Council Australia（CCA）, and Malaysian cancer NGOs are the representatives of cancer NGOs in promoting cancer control. Selecting Chinese Anti-Cancer Association（CACA） as an example in China, this article is to investigate how NGOs undertake systematic cancer prevention work in China. By conducting real case study, we found that, as a NGO, CACA plays a significant role in intensifying the leading role of government in cancer control, optimizing cancer outcomes, decreasing cancer incidence and mortality rates and improving public health.展开更多
It has always been one of its major tasks for CAFIU to conduct non-governmental exchanges and contacts with European countries since CAFIU was founded more than thirty years ago.As in recent years,the China-Europe com...It has always been one of its major tasks for CAFIU to conduct non-governmental exchanges and contacts with European countries since CAFIU was founded more than thirty years ago.As in recent years,the China-Europe comprehensive strategic partnership has continuously deepened with exchanges and cooperation in various areas further展开更多
This article describes a case study of trends of governance approach implementation in the health policy development and implementation process in Latvia, in the state in transition, or “new democracy”. Latvia becam...This article describes a case study of trends of governance approach implementation in the health policy development and implementation process in Latvia, in the state in transition, or “new democracy”. Latvia became an independent democratic state in 1991, regaining its freedom after being part of the Soviet Union for 50 years. As the three Baltic States (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) had a common history and starting point in the health reform implementation, the data of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) incidence and implemented policy steps were analyzed and compared of all the three states. The research provides insight into the HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) situation in Latvia from the time when the first patient was diagnosed till nowadays, describing the initiatives that were implemented to combat the spread of HIV infection and analyze the impact of different stakeholders in the policy development and implementation process. Although the main reform implementation actors in Latvia were Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) or patient organizations by performing cooperation and collaboration with all the actors involved in the policy development and implementation process, more profound investigation reveals that major impact came from “old democracies”, international and global organizations as well as from physicians and commercial powers by providing a suitable environment for the reform development.展开更多
The fit-for purpose of agricultural graduates in the job market remains a challenge to agricultural training and education despite the active involvement of farmer organizations, non-governmental organizations （NGOs...The fit-for purpose of agricultural graduates in the job market remains a challenge to agricultural training and education despite the active involvement of farmer organizations, non-governmental organizations （NGOs）, and agribusiness in the agriculture job market. This paper traces： （1） the employment of agricultural graduates in the last 10 years in Mali, Republic of Congo, Ghana, and the Gambia; and （2） through a case study, assesses the attitudinal and mindset change in the way research for development is conducted by research staff of the National Agricultural Research Institute （NARI） of the Gambia. Not surprisingly, the public sector consistently employed more agricultural graduates in all four countries. The next highest employer of agricultural graduates was the NGOs, followed by agribusiness. Positive attitudinal and mindset change among research staff and their collaborators in the Gambia was enhanced when collaborative learning and coaching and mentoring in managerial and financial skills enhancement complemented technical skills improvements. Employers indicated strong preference for graduates in agricultural engineering and farm machinery; agricultural economics with emphasis on farm management; innovation systems and value chains; and information communication technology including report writing. Farmers＇ organizations showed particular interest in interpersonal skills; participatory technology development and dissemination; and appreciation of socio-cultural contexts including farmer innovations. In Mali, Ghana and the Gambia, employers reported that 4%-14% of the agricultural graduates they hired were women.展开更多
Social donation is a means for individuals,government organizations,and non-government organizations(NGOs)to provide public products and services for society.Seeking social donation is vital in the improvement of the ...Social donation is a means for individuals,government organizations,and non-government organizations(NGOs)to provide public products and services for society.Seeking social donation is vital in the improvement of the university.This paper probes into the relationship between social donation and university development by comparing social donation levels and practices in China with those in the U.S.The main reasons why social donations in Chinese universities are relatively low are as follows:(1)independent NGOs have not been formed;(2)the system and mechanism of social donation are not perfect,and(3)many restricting factors of social culture still exist in China.展开更多
Objective:The conversations in accountability were designed to gain an understanding of the use and changes to accountability in charities over time,including learning how results are measured.Methods:As part of a lar...Objective:The conversations in accountability were designed to gain an understanding of the use and changes to accountability in charities over time,including learning how results are measured.Methods:As part of a larger study which investigated accountability in charities working to reduce mortality of children younger than 5 years in least developed countries,a multiple-case study comprising semistructured in-depth key informant interviews was conducted to investigate the use and effects of accountability in three charities of differing sizes.Results:Smaller charities tend to use fewer accountability mechanisms than larger ones,whereas the variation in their use between small and medium-sized charities is greater than the variation between medium-sized and large charities.Conclusion:Although accountability has changed over time,charities believe that they are providing the correct amount of accountability-that is,enough to satisfy the perceived demands of their stakeholders but not so much that it detracts from the mission or incurs costs in excess of benefits.However,the tools to determine effectiveness and impact are lacking.展开更多
文摘Cancer has become the first leading cause of death in the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Facing the increasing trend of cancer incidence and mortality, China issued and implemented ＂three-early（early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment）＂ national cancer prevention plan. As the main body and dependence of social governance, non-governmental organizations（NGOs） take over the role of government in the field of cancer prevention and treatment. American Cancer Society（ACS） made a research on cancer NGOs and civil society in cancer control and found that cancer NGOs in developing countries mobilize civil society to work together and advocate governments in their countries to develop policies to address the growing cancer burden. Union for International Cancer Control（UICC）, Cancer Council Australia（CCA）, and Malaysian cancer NGOs are the representatives of cancer NGOs in promoting cancer control. Selecting Chinese Anti-Cancer Association（CACA） as an example in China, this article is to investigate how NGOs undertake systematic cancer prevention work in China. By conducting real case study, we found that, as a NGO, CACA plays a significant role in intensifying the leading role of government in cancer control, optimizing cancer outcomes, decreasing cancer incidence and mortality rates and improving public health.
文摘It has always been one of its major tasks for CAFIU to conduct non-governmental exchanges and contacts with European countries since CAFIU was founded more than thirty years ago.As in recent years,the China-Europe comprehensive strategic partnership has continuously deepened with exchanges and cooperation in various areas further
文摘This article describes a case study of trends of governance approach implementation in the health policy development and implementation process in Latvia, in the state in transition, or “new democracy”. Latvia became an independent democratic state in 1991, regaining its freedom after being part of the Soviet Union for 50 years. As the three Baltic States (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) had a common history and starting point in the health reform implementation, the data of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) incidence and implemented policy steps were analyzed and compared of all the three states. The research provides insight into the HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) situation in Latvia from the time when the first patient was diagnosed till nowadays, describing the initiatives that were implemented to combat the spread of HIV infection and analyze the impact of different stakeholders in the policy development and implementation process. Although the main reform implementation actors in Latvia were Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) or patient organizations by performing cooperation and collaboration with all the actors involved in the policy development and implementation process, more profound investigation reveals that major impact came from “old democracies”, international and global organizations as well as from physicians and commercial powers by providing a suitable environment for the reform development.
文摘The fit-for purpose of agricultural graduates in the job market remains a challenge to agricultural training and education despite the active involvement of farmer organizations, non-governmental organizations （NGOs）, and agribusiness in the agriculture job market. This paper traces： （1） the employment of agricultural graduates in the last 10 years in Mali, Republic of Congo, Ghana, and the Gambia; and （2） through a case study, assesses the attitudinal and mindset change in the way research for development is conducted by research staff of the National Agricultural Research Institute （NARI） of the Gambia. Not surprisingly, the public sector consistently employed more agricultural graduates in all four countries. The next highest employer of agricultural graduates was the NGOs, followed by agribusiness. Positive attitudinal and mindset change among research staff and their collaborators in the Gambia was enhanced when collaborative learning and coaching and mentoring in managerial and financial skills enhancement complemented technical skills improvements. Employers indicated strong preference for graduates in agricultural engineering and farm machinery; agricultural economics with emphasis on farm management; innovation systems and value chains; and information communication technology including report writing. Farmers＇ organizations showed particular interest in interpersonal skills; participatory technology development and dissemination; and appreciation of socio-cultural contexts including farmer innovations. In Mali, Ghana and the Gambia, employers reported that 4%-14% of the agricultural graduates they hired were women.
文摘Social donation is a means for individuals,government organizations,and non-government organizations(NGOs)to provide public products and services for society.Seeking social donation is vital in the improvement of the university.This paper probes into the relationship between social donation and university development by comparing social donation levels and practices in China with those in the U.S.The main reasons why social donations in Chinese universities are relatively low are as follows:(1)independent NGOs have not been formed;(2)the system and mechanism of social donation are not perfect,and(3)many restricting factors of social culture still exist in China.
文摘Objective:The conversations in accountability were designed to gain an understanding of the use and changes to accountability in charities over time,including learning how results are measured.Methods:As part of a larger study which investigated accountability in charities working to reduce mortality of children younger than 5 years in least developed countries,a multiple-case study comprising semistructured in-depth key informant interviews was conducted to investigate the use and effects of accountability in three charities of differing sizes.Results:Smaller charities tend to use fewer accountability mechanisms than larger ones,whereas the variation in their use between small and medium-sized charities is greater than the variation between medium-sized and large charities.Conclusion:Although accountability has changed over time,charities believe that they are providing the correct amount of accountability-that is,enough to satisfy the perceived demands of their stakeholders but not so much that it detracts from the mission or incurs costs in excess of benefits.However,the tools to determine effectiveness and impact are lacking.
