Posttraumatic stress symptoms among Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic:Prevalence,correlates,and mental health help-seeking

BACKGROUND Revisiting the epidemiology of posttraumatic stress symptoms(PTSSs)among university students during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic as well as understanding the mental health help-seeking behavior of individuals with PTSSs has critical implications for public mental health strategies in future medical pandemics.AIM To investigate the prevalence and correlates of PTSSs among university students during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in China and to examine mental health help-seeking behaviors among these students.METHODS A total of 2507 Chinese university students were recruited via snowball sampling.The students completed the Seven-item Screening Scale for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in China.Sociodemo-graphic characteristics,pandemic-related characteristics,and mental health help-seeking behaviors of students with PTSSs were also collected.RESULTS The prevalence of PTSSs among the participants was 28.0%.Seven significant correlates of PTSSs were identified(odds ratio=1.23-3.65,P≤0.024):Female sex,being 19 years old or older,living with others or alone,a low level of family economic status,fair or poor interpersonal relationships,severe or very severe local pandemic,and having family members diagnosed with COVID-19.However,only 3.28%of the students with PTSSs reported seeking help from mental health specialists.Among the 23 students who sought help from mental health specialists,13 opted for online or telephone-based psychological consultation.CONCLUSION Our data suggest that there was a high risk of PTSSs among university students and a high level of unmet mental health needs during the COVID-19 pandemic.The delivery of mental health services online or via telephone is a promising approach to address these unmet needs.

Are premenstrual symptoms associated with health anxiety in nursing graduates?

Objective: This study examined retrospectively the relationship between premenstrual symptoms and health anxiety. Methods: Premenstrual symptoms of nursing school graduates were assessed in 1985 and again in 1991 using the Premenstrual Assessment Form (PAF). A total of 571 women completed the survey in 1991, along with items relating to their physical and mental health. The latter included depression, anxiety, and panic attacks. Health anxiety was also assessed using the Whiteley Index (WI). After women who were amenorrheic for any reason were excluded, a final sample of 410 women aged 25 to 52 years was obtained. Factor analyses yielded 57 items that were useful for calculating a total PAF score. A stepwise multivariate linear regression model was used to find the association of PAF scores with various participant characteristics. Results: Thirty-kone of the 410 (7.6%) women had WI scores of ≥5 and were considered to have significant health-related anxiety. The PAF score had statistically significant associations with health anxiety, as well as depression and anxiety. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the premenstrual symptoms often coexist with health anxiety as well as other psychological symptoms. Clinicians should be alert to the fact that PMS may be associated with treatable psychiatric conditions.

The Relationship between Working Conditions and Adverse Health Symptoms of Employee in Solar Greenhouse

To determine the correlation between the working environment and the health status of employees in solar greenhouse, 1171 employees were surveyed. The results show the ＇Greenhouse diseases＇ are affected by many factors. Among general uncomforts, the morbidity of the bone and joint damage is the highest and closely related to labor time and age. Planting summer squash and wax gourd more easilv cause skin pruritus.

Development of health and depressive symptoms among Danish adolescents—Socioeconomic differences and effects of life-style

While the existence of social inequality in health in childhood as well as among adults is well established, research of mechanisms underlying this inequality is still sparse. The study aim was to report on the development of self-rated health and depressive symptoms from age 15 to18 years in a cohort study of Danish adolescents. Methods: The cohort comprised 3,681 individuals born in 1989, 3058 individuals answered the baseline questionnaire in 2004, and 2400 responded to a follow-up questionnaire in 2007, with 2181 individuals participating in both rounds (59% of the original cohort). Social background information of the participants was derived from a national register. For the analysis two variables indicating change in the two health indicators was computed by subtracting the 2007 levels of the variables from the levels experienced in 2004. Results: After 3 years, mean self-rated health (SRH) deteriorated slightly in adolescents (-0.24;95% CI = -0.28 to -0.19) across all socioeconomic status (SES) groups and depressive symptoms increased (0.64;95% CI = 0.52 to 0.75). High household income was protective for decrease in SRH (0.62;0.43 - 0.91). Negative lifestyle changes were associated with poorer SRH and more depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Self-rated health and depressive symptoms changed to the worse among Danish adolescents from age 15 to 18 years. Negative changes in several lifestyle factors were found to accompany the deterioration of health. This result stresses the intrinsic relationship between lifestyle changes and health and the possible positive effect of maintaining and enhancing positive lifestyle factors.

Association between Self-Rated Health and Depressive Symptoms in Rural Chinese Adults:A Cohort Study Based on Propensity Score Matching

Health status is widely regarded as a correlate of depressive symptoms.However,health assessments based on clinical diagnosis in rural areas with poor medical conditions are very limited.Self-rated health(SRH)serves as a simple and convenient evaluation indicator,which may be used as an independent predictor of depressive symptoms.To confirm the relationship between SRH and depressive symptoms in rural adults,a longitudinal survey of rural households in China was conducted using the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)from 2012 to 2016.Propensity score matching and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the association.After data cleansing,3,127 pairs(6,254 participants)aged 16 and older followed for 4 years were enrolled,of which the average age was(50.02±14.19)years old,and the proportions of male and female were 48.64%and 51.36%,respectively.The incidence rate of depressive symptoms within 4 years was 30.86%(95%CI:29.24–32.48)in the group with fair or poor SRH,and 21.59%(95%CI:20.14–23.03)in the group with good SRH.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=69.51,P<0.001).The results of univariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that there was a correlation between SRH and depressive symptoms in rural adults aged 30 and above(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.46–1.85,P<0.001).Thus,a simple and practical assessment tool based on SRH and other indicators should be established for early prevention and intervention in rural primary mental health care.

Internalized symptoms in adolescence as predictors of mental health in adulthood in the Northern Swedish cohort

Although mental health symptoms in children and adolescents are shown to predict young adult mental health outcomes, long-term prospective studies of childhood cohorts are few. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prospective importance of internalized mental health symptoms in adolescence for internalized symptoms in adulthood. Methods: A community-based prospective longitudinal cohort provided information by questionnaire about psychological status at age 16 and 43 (n=1010, representing 94.3% of those still alive). Socio-demographic variables which were indicative of possible childhood adversity (parental class, absence, illness, unemployment, relationship, crowding, number of moves) were treated as confounders and controlled for in ordinal regression. Results: For both women and men, internalizing mental health symptoms reported at 16 significantly predicted the same outcome at 43 years, after controlling for previous adverse environmental conditions (OR =1.2 for women, 1.3 for men). Conclusion: In this representative cohort studied over 27 years with excellent retention rates, the occurrence of self-reported worry, panic and sadness in mid-adolescence significantly increased the likelihood of similar states in middle adulthood.

Quality of Life and Depressive Symptoms in Female Models

The purpose of the present study was to analyze quality of life (QoL) levels and depressive symptoms in female models in comparison to non-models. The study was conducted in Estacao Saúde Gym, in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The sample of the study was composed of ten runaway and/or commercial female models between the ages of 15 and 25 from Cast One Models agency and eight control adolescent and young adult students from public/private schools and universities, all from Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Quality of life and depressive symptoms of all participants were evaluated. Data were described by mean and standard deviation values. The main results were analyzed by independent t-test for comparison between models and non-models, adopting a significance level (α) of 0.05. No differences were found between the groups in the analyzed variables (p > 0.05). The results of our study, suggest that professional runaway and commercial female models have similar QoL and depressive symptoms when compared to their control counterparts.

Differences in Male Climacteric Symptoms and Lifestyle Depending on the Duration of Working among Rotating Night Shift Workers

Background: There are various health problems in rotating shift workers. There have been few studies on the associations of male climacteric symptoms with duration of working and lifestyle. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the differences in male climacteric symptoms depending on the number of working years and to determine whether lifestyle habits differ depending on the number of working years in rotating shift workers. Methods: We collected participant’s data from the manufacturing companies in Japan during the period from March to May in 2017. We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey in 1561 male rotating night shift workers. Male climacteric symptoms were evaluated by using the Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) rating scale. We analyzed 636 rotating shift workers aged over 40 years old whose all AMS data was collected. Results: A significant difference in psychological AMS score was found between men who had worked for 10 - 19 years (9.4 ± 3.9) and men who had worked for more than 40 years (7.6 ± 3.0) (p = 0.011). Sexual functional AMS score significantly differed depending on the number of working years (less than 10 years: 8.1 ± 3.9, 10 - 19 years: 9.8 ± 4.1, 20 - 29 years: 7.9 ± 3.3, 30 - 39 years: 9.3 ± 3.5, more than 40 years: 9.3 ± 3.5) (p < 0.001). The proportion of workers with a balanced meal intake was significantly lower in men who had worked for less than 10 years and the proportions of such workers were significantly higher in men who had worked for 10 - 19 years and for more than 40 years. The proportions of men who did not drink alcohol were high in men who had worked for less than 10 years and 20 - 29 years and low in men who had worked more than 30 years. Conclusion: Psychological AMS score and sexual functional AMS score are significantly different among the 5 groups according to the number of working years on rotating shift. In addition, well-balanced diet on day shift and reduction of alcohol drinking is a related-factor for long-term rotating night shift workers.

Mental health and insomnia problems in healthcare workers after the COVID-19 pandemic:A multicenter cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND Healthcare workers(HCWs)are at increased risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)as well as worsening mental health problems and insomnia.These problems can persist for a long period,even after the pandemic.However,less is known about this topic.AIM To analyze mental health,insomnia problems,and their influencing factors in HCWs after the COVID-19 pandemic.METHODS This multicenter cross-sectional,hospital-based study was conducted from June 1,2023 to June 30,2023,which was a half-year after the end of the COVID-19 emergency.Region-stratified population-based cluster sampling was applied at the provincial level for Chinese HCWs.Symptoms such as anxiety,depression,and insomnia were evaluated by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7,Patient Health Questionnaire-9,and Insomnia Severity Index.Factors influencing the symptoms were identified by multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS A total of 2000 participants were invited,for a response rate of 70.6%.A total of 1412 HCWs[618(43.8%)doctors,583(41.3%)nurses and 211(14.9%)nonfrontline],254(18.0%),231(16.4%),and 289(20.5%)had symptoms of anxiety,depression,and insomnia,respectively;severe symptoms were found in 58(4.1%),49(3.5%),and 111(7.9%)of the participants.Nurses,female sex,and hospitalization for COVID-19 were risk factors for anxiety,depression,and insomnia symptoms;moreover,death from family or friends was a risk factor for insomnia symptoms.During the COVID-19 outbreak,most[1086(76.9%)]of the participating HCWs received psychological interventions,while nearly all[994(70.4%)]of them had received public psychological education.Only 102(7.2%)of the HCWs received individual counseling from COVID-19.CONCLUSION Although the mental health and sleep problems of HCWs were relieved after the COVID-19 pandemic,they still faced challenges and greater risks than did the general population.Identifying risk factors would help in providing targeted interventions.In addition,although a major proportion of HCWs have received public psychological education,individual interventions are still insufficient.

Generalized Anxiety and Major Depressive Symptoms of General Public in South Korea during the Early COVID-19 Pandemic

The extent of viral spread and strategies in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic have been different in each country.There are overall increased mental health concerns in many countries but it is unclear what the general public individuals who do not have heighten vulnerability to stressors for existing mental diseases or significant physical illnesses were experiencing during the pandemic.We evaluated the stressors and mental health of general public in South Korea that has a relatively low confirmed cases and deaths.Responses on the on-line survey questions were used to assess the mental and physical symptoms in association with individuals’reported stressors.Individuals with the symptoms of the generalized anxiety disorder(GAD)were reported in 58.9%,and major depression(MD)in 23.2%,mostly in minimal to mild degrees,cut-off scores of 5 and 10,respectively by the validated screening tools,GAD-7 and PHQ-9.Both GAD and MD symptoms were in 21.5%of the respondents.The total number of stress had significant association with the scores of GAD-7,PHQ-9,physical symptoms,sleep difficulties and resilience(p<0.01).GAD scores were also associated with sleep difficulties(p<0.01)and raising young children(p<0.05).MD scores were associated with sleep difficulties,job-dissatisfaction,and educational level(p<0.05).The limitations of the study include small sample size,usage of smartphone or email,potential under-reporting by stigma in the socio-cultural context and evolving nature of pandemic.We conclude that keeping careful watch for mental symptoms,stressors,sleep difficulties and other physical symptoms are important even for the individuals without previous mental illnesses during the pandemic era.

Food Insecurity and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents Aged 12–15 Years from Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Purpose:Little is known about the role of food insecurity(FIS)on depressive symptoms among adolescents.Thus,this study aimed to explore the association between FIS and depressive symptoms among adolescents aged 12–15 years from low-and middle-income countries across the world.Methods:Data from the Global school-based Student Health Survey were analyzed in 51,702 adolescents[mean(SD)age 13.8(1.0)years;49.3% girls].Self-reported measures assessed depressive symptoms during the past 12 months,and food insecurity.Partici-pants reporting yes for depressive symptoms.FIS was categorized intofive levels,including‘never’,‘rarely’,‘some-times’,‘most of the time’and‘always’.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed,and a country-wise meta-analysis was undertaken to compare country difference in the associations between FIS and depressive symptoms.Results:The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 30.0%,respectively.Compared with those reporting never for FIS,adolescents with increased severity of FIS were more likely to report depressive symptoms regardless of gender.Country-wise meta-analysis demonstrated that having FIS versus not having FIS was asso-ciated with 60%greater odds for depressive symptoms(OR=1.60;95%CI:1.52–1.69)but with a moderate between-country heterogeneity(I^(2)=12.7%).Conclusion:The current study indicates that alleviating FIS may be an effective prevention against depressive symptoms among adolescents from LMICs.Future studies should adopt improved study design to confirm or negate our researchfindings,which informs more efficient public mental health interventions.

Legacy of neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with past COVID-19 infection:A cause of concern

Although primarily affecting the respiratory system,growing attention is being paid to the neuropsychiatric consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infections.Acute and sub-acute neuropsychiatric manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)disease and their mechanisms are better studied and understood currently than they had been when the pandemic began;however,many months or years will be necessary to fully comprehend how significant the consequences of such complications will be.In this editorial,we discuss the possible long-term sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic,deriving our considerations on experiences drawn from past coronaviruses’outbreaks,such as the SARS and the middle east respiratory syndrome,and from the knowledge of the mechanisms of neurotropism and invasiveness of SARS-CoV-2.Acknowledging the global spread of COVID-19 and the vast number of people affected,to date amounting to many millions,the matter of this pandemic’s neuropsychiatric legacy appears concerning.Public health monitoring strategies and early interventions seem to be necessary to manage the possible emergence of a severe wave of neuropsychiatric distress among the survivors.

Level of Insomnia, Symptoms of Depression, and Anxiety among College Students with Mobile Phone Addiction: Basis for Guidance and Counseling Program Enhancement

Mobile phone addiction is a growing concern among college students, with significant implications for their mental health. This study examines the complex relationship between mobile phone addiction and its impact on college students’ insomnia, symptoms of depression, and anxiety. A sample of 399 college students from traditional Chinese medicine colleges in Guangxi, China, completed the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale questionnaire. Among them, 155 students with high Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency scores were selected for the correlation study. The analysis revealed a strong association between mobile phone addiction and insomnia. Furthermore, mobile phone addiction was significantly associated with symptoms of depression, including feelings of sadness, worthlessness, and hopelessness, as well as heightened anxiety symptoms, such as excessive worry and restlessness. These findings emphasized the importance of targeted interventions and preventive measures to address the negative impact of mobile phone addiction on college students’ mental health.

Respiratory Symptoms Associated with Workplaces Located along a Road with High-Traffic at Cotonou, Benin

Objective: Air pollution is becoming one of the public concerns requiring urgent feasible response per local context. Defining accurately the level of exposure of outdoor air pollution effect on health of venders working along main roads and roundabouts with high traffic is important. This study was conducted to assess respiratory health risks on venders associated with different geographical positions in Cotonou. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted along the main road with high traffic including three roundabouts in Cotonou. The 194 study participants from all shops, one respondent per shop, were given a unique GPS data associated to indicate the shop’s geographical position. The study employed validated questionnaire on respiratory symptoms. Results: Study participants had mean age of 36.26 (±11.65) years with sex ratio of (M/F) 1.8. Majority (72.7%) of study participates reported to have at least one respiratory symptom and 69% of them were working in non-ventilated rooms. The proportion of having at least one respiratory symptom was significantly different (p Conclusion: Working in roundabout is associated with more respiratory symptoms than working in shops along main road. Air pollution mitigation efforts should focus in such settings, taking into account the sub-population of workers in resource limited countries.

Depression in Climacteric Women:Most Meaningful Symptoms

Background: With population aging occurring worldwide, promoting climacteric women’s health has become the object of important studies. Purpose: Observing the prevalence of depression in climacteric women and their self-evaluation of the depression factors is the main goal of this study. Design: This cross-sectional research is enquiry descriptive. Methods: The sample was composed of 48 climacteric women (between 45 and 65 years old) non-selected volunteers, served by the Centers for Psycho and Social Attention (CAPS) of Specialized Mental Medicine, in Sorocaba, via the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. Results: Checking the mean and frequency distribution, the climacteric women presented a prevalence of 37.5% of moderate depression (BDIindex = 24.39 ± 3.13), and 47.92% of severe depression (BDIindex = 38.13 ± 6.78). Concerning the symptoms, Spearman rank order correlation was found as the highest concerns, hierarchically: indecision (r = 0.72, p Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in these CAPS climacteric women was considered very high (86% ranking from moderate to severe) caused mostly by indecision, anhedonia, guilt, crying and self-esteem, followed by inutility, self-criticism and loss of concentration.

Hindi translation and validation of the English version of the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale questionnaire:An observational study

BACKGROUND The gastrointestinal symptom rating scale(GSRS)is a questionnaire in English language which is designed to assess the clinical symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and peptic ulcer disease.This validated scale has questions on around 15 items and has been validated in patients with dyspepsia and IBS.AIM To translate and validate the English version of the GSRS questionnaire to the Hindi version.METHODS The purpose of the present work was to create a Hindi version of this questionnaire for use in the Indian population.The process involved various steps as per the World Health Organization methodology including initial forward translation,backward translation,and assessment by an expert committee.Initial pilot testing was followed by testing in healthy and diseased individuals.RESULTS The Hindi translation was pilot tested in 20 individuals and further validated in healthy controls(n=30,15 females)and diseased individuals(n=72,27 females).The diseased group included patients with functional dyspepsia and IBS.Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency on the final translated GSRS questionnaire was 0.715 which is considered adequate.Twelve questions significantly differentiated the diseased population from the healthy population(P value<0.05)in the translated Hindi version of the GSRS.CONCLUSION The translated Hindi GSRS can be used to evaluate gastrointestinal function in clinical trials and community surveys in Hindi speaking populations.

Leukoaraiosis is associated with clinical symptom severity,poor neurological function prognosis and stroke recurrence in mild intracerebral hemorrhage:a prospective multi-center cohort study

Leukoaraiosis(LA)results from ischemic injury in small cerebral vessels,which may be attributable to decreased vascular density,reduced cerebrovascular angiogenesis,decreased cerebral blood flow,or microcirculatory dysfunction in the brain.In this study,we enrolled 357 patients with mild intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)from five hospitals in China and analyzed the relationships between LA and clinical symptom severity at admission,neurological function prognosis at 3 months,and 1-year stroke recurrence.Patients were divided into groups based on Fazekas scale scores:no LA(n=83),mild LA(n=64),moderate LA(n=98)and severe LA(n=112).More severe LA,larger hematoma volume,and higher blood glucose level at admission were associated with more severe neurological deficit.More severe LA,older age and larger hematoma volume were associated with worse neurological function prognosis at 3 months.In addition,moderate-to-severe LA,admission glucose and symptom-free cerebral infarction were associated with 1-year stroke recurrence.These findings suggest that LA severity may be a potential marker of individual ICH vulnerability,which can be characterized by poor tolerance to intracerebral attack or poor recovery ability after ICH.Evaluating LA severity in patients with mild ICH may help neurologists to optimize treatment protocols.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University(approval No.12)on March 10,2011.

Development and predictive validity of the cirrhosis-associated ascites symptom scale: A cohort study of 103 patients

AIM To develop a scale of domains associated with the health-related quality-of-life(HRQOL) in patients with cirrhosis-related ascites.METHODS We initially undertook literature searches and a qualitative study in order to design a cirrhosis-associated ascites symptom(CAS) scale describing symptoms with a potential detrimental impact on health related quality of life(HRQL)(the higher the score, the worse the symptoms). Discriminatory validity was assessed in a validation cohort including cirrhotic patients with(1) tense/severe;(2) moderate/mild; or(3) no ascites(controls). Patients also completed chronic liver disease questionnaire(CLDQ) and the Euro QoL 5-Dimensions 5-Level(EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire evaluating HRQL. The relation between scale scores was analysed using Spearman correlations. RESULTS The final CAS scale included 14 items. The equivalent reliability was high(Chronbach's alpha 0.88). The validation cohort included 103 patients(72% men, mean age 62.4 years). The mean scores for each question in the CAS scale were higher for patients with severe/tense ascites than for mild/moderate ascites and controls. Compared with controls(mean = 9.9 points), the total CAS scale score was higher for severe/tense ascites(mean = 23.8 points) as well as moderate/mild ascites(mean = 18.6 points)(P < 0.001 both groups). We found a strong correlation between the total CAS and CLDQ score(rho = 0.82, P < 0.001) and a moderate correlation between the CAS and the EQ-5D-5L score(0.67, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The CAS is a valid tool, which reflects HRQOL in patients with ascites.

The role of the self-concept in the relationship of menstrual symptom attitudes and negative mood

Background: A relationship between symptom attitudes and negative affect has consistently been found in a range of different symptom domains. Little is known, however, about the role of different aspects of the self in this relationship. We explored the mediating role of interferences of symptom with the self-concept in the association of menstrual symptom attitudes and depressive mood. Methods: Eighty-one women completed an online survey on menstrual symptom attitudes, perceived interferences of symptoms with various self-aspects and negative mood states. We tested our hypothesis in a mediation analysis. Results: We found a complete mediation of the relationship of symptom attitudes and depressive mood by interferences of symptoms with self-aspects. However, interferences with self-aspects did not play a role in the association of anxious mood and symptom report. Conclusion: The self-concept should receive greater attention in research on symptom attitudes and psychological well-being. This would be particularly important in research on medically unexplained symptom report.

Electromagnetic Radiation Health Effects in Exposed and Non-Exposed Residents in Penang

A comparative study was conducted between residents exposed and not exposed to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from TELCO towers in Penang Island with the objective of determining the possible health effects using 14 non-specific health symptoms (NSHS). Interviews on 201 respondents were conducted using structured questionnaire for demographic details, health related problems and the public concern. Comparison of symptoms frequencies and its significance (Chi-square test) between the exposed and not exposed residents from the TELCO tower showed statistical significance (p 1 for all that gave a conclusion that respondents who were exposed were more likely to suffer symptoms as compared to the respondents who were not exposed to EMR. This outcome showed that the existence of TELCO tower in these communities has detrimental health effects towards the residents who were exposed to the electromagnetic fields radiation that was emitted. Measures to be taken to minimize adverse health effects on residents should include imposing more stringent guidelines in terms of safety distance and radiation intensity, practicing of WHO precautionary approach, encouraging electromagnetic fields radiation related conference, researches and public awareness, sharing of transceivers by TELCO companies and using protective barriers. These steps will ultimately promote a healthier, harmonious and sustainable living environment.