Recovering from prolonged cardiac arrest induced by electric shock:A case report

BACKGROUND Cardiac arrest(CA)induced by electric shock is a rare occurrence,particularly in cases of prolonged CA.Currently,there is limited literature on similar incidents,and we present a relevant case report.CASE SUMMARY A 27-year-old Asian male man,experiencing respiratory CA due to electric shock,was successfully restored to sinus rhythm after 50 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 8 electrical defibrillation sessions.In the subsequent stages,the patient received multiple organ function protection measures,leading to a successful recovery and eventual discharge from the hospital.CONCLUSION Prolonging resuscitation time can enhance the chances of survival for patients,this study provide valuable insights into the management of electric shock-induced CA.

Vibration energy regeneration of electric vehicle shock absorber

The twin-tube shock absorber was studied and the relevant factors of thermal equilibrium were simulated. The dynamic model of the shock absorber was constructed and simulation curves of force-displacement and force-velocity were output. The experiment of the twin-tube shock absorber was carried out, and the results were compared with the modeling resultss. Further, the vibration energy regeneration model was established, and the bench simulation study was carried out. The re- sults showed that the energy regeneration model not only absorbed shock energy but also converted vibration energy into electricity energy.

The Mechanical Analysis and Experimental Study of Shock Wave Effect of Electrical Discharge under Water In Filth Cleaning

Filth adhering to metal pipes can be cleaned by shock wave generated by electrical discharge under water. The mechanism of shock wave effect of electrical discharge under water on filth cleaning is analyzed by building a mechanical model. A metal pipe coated with cement to simulate real filth is cleaned by using electrical discharge under water. The experimental results confirm the mechanical analysis and also show the technology of electrical discharge under water is an very effective method for filth cleaning.

Modeling of the Coupling of the Lightning Shock Wave Flow Circuit in the High Voltage Electrical Network

This article focuses on the aggression of lightning overload on the equipment of the electrical network of sites where storm activity is very dense;and the electrocution of people located in the direct environment of the high-voltage substation during the flow of lightning current to the ground through the ground socket. The modeling of the flow circuit of the shock wave consisting of guard wire, lightning arrester and ground socket couple to the transformer of the high voltage substations, thanks to the approach of a servo block, led to the synthesis of a PID regulator (corrector) whose action is to reject the effects of the overvoltage on the network equipment and to significantly reduce or even cancel the effects of the step or touch voltage due to the distribution of the potential around the ground socket;and thus improve the quality of service of the high-voltage transmission and distribution electricity network, especially in stormy times.

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following electrical shock injury

Dear Editor,We present a case of 'Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following electrical shock injury' for evaluation for publication in your journal. To our knowledge,this is the first case of retinal tears and retinal detachment caused by an electrical shock reported in the literature. That

Study of External Characteristics of Hydraulic Electromagnetic Regenerative Shock Absorber

According to the composition and the principle of the liquid-electric energy-sensing damper, the corresponding hydraulic regenerative model is designed. In this paper, an advanced type of shock absorber combined with the mechanical and electromagnetic hydraulic structure has been proposed that recycles the energy dissipated by shock absorber in the driving process. In addition, the damping characteristics of the conventional mechanical vehicle and the advanced hydraulic regenerative mechanical vehicle have?been analyzed by using AMESim simulation. The regenerative suspension is reformed from the traditional hydraulic and pneumatic suspension. The suspension absorbs kinetic energy converts it into hydraulic potential and pneumatic power to be stored in the accumulator. The kinetic energy is then converted into electricity instead of heat by using the hydraulic suspension and Power-Generating Shock Absorber (PGSA). The AMESim simulation results have efficiently verified the displacement characteristics curves and flow rate of hydraulic fluid in the body. Finally the conversion of energy produced by advanced hydraulic regenerative mechanical vehicle transferred into electrical energy. The designed hydraulic shock absorber allows a significant fuel saving of 1.5% to 4% depending on the vehicle and driving conditions.

Myocardial Injury after Electric Accident: Dynamic Change of Cardiac Biomarkers Was the Important Key for Diagnosis of This Serious Complication

This report was aimed to record the value of dynamic change of cardiac biomarkers in diagnosis of serious myocardial injury in electrical shock. One female patient was admitted to the emergency department, Cho Ray-Phnom Penh Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia after electrical accident, in cardiopulmonary arrest status with no pulse, no breath. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation was done immediately as intra-tracheal ventilation, fluid replacement with NaCl 0.9%, urine alkalinization therapy with Natribicarbonate 4.2%, sympathomimetic agents as adrenaline and nor-adrenaline, and IV nutrition with glucose 30%. Cardiac biomarkers were repeated many times over 12 hours after admission. Troponin I increased 1000 times higher from 0.02 ng/mL on admission to 20.1 ng/mL within 12 hours. CK-MB increased from 55.4 to 227 U/L after 2 hours (normal value: <16 U/L). CPK (normal value: 90 - 140 U/L) changed quickly from 99 U/L on admission to a very high level as 9681 U/L after 12 hrs. The CK-MB/CPK index (defined as CK-MB × 100/CPK, unit as %) changed from 55.9% to 2.7%, respectively by time. In conclusion, the very quick dynamic change of cardiac biomarkers suggested the presence of serious myocardial injury among multiple organs injured in electric shock.

Discharge and post-explosion behaviors of electrical explosion of conductors from a single wire to planar wire array

This work deals with an experimental study of a Cu planar wire array(PWA)in air and water under the stored energy 300-1200 J.A single Cu wire is adopted as a controlled trial.Four configurations of PWA and a wire with the same mass(cross-section area)but the different specific surface areas(15-223 cm^(2)g^(-1))are exploded.The transient process is analyzed using high-speed photography in combination with the results of optical emission and discharge.Discharge characteristics revealed that PWA always has a higher electric power peak,early but higher voltage peak,as well as faster vaporization and ionization process than the single-wire case.Two to three times stronger optical emission could be obtained when replacing the single-wire with PWA,indicating a higher energy-density state is reached.Phenomenologically,in both air and water,single-wire load tends to develop a transverse stratified structure,while PWA is dominated by the uneven energy deposition among wires.Finally,the synchronism and uniformity of the PWA explosion are discussed.

Towards Realistic Vibration Testing of Large Floor Batteries for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV)

This contribution shows an analysis of vibration measurement on large floor-mounted traction batteries of Battery Electric Vehicles(BEV).The focus lies on the requirements for a realistic replication of the mechanical environments in a testing laboratory.Especially the analysis on global bending transfer functions and local corner bending coherence indicate that neither a fully stiff fixation of the battery nor a completely independent movement on the four corners yields a realistic and conservative test scenario.The contribution will further show what implication these findings have on future vibration&shock testing equipment for large traction batteries.Additionally,it will cover an outlook on how vibration behavior of highly integrated approaches(cell2car)changes the mechanical loads on the cells.

艾司氯胺酮丙泊酚复合麻醉下电休克治疗伴有自杀意念重度抑郁障碍患者的效果分析

目的比较通过不同剂量艾司氯胺酮联合电休克治疗伴有自杀意念重度抑郁障碍患者的效果,分析艾司氯胺酮作为具有抗抑郁作用特点的电休克麻醉剂,针对伴有自杀意念的重度抑郁障碍患者治疗时的优点和不足,为艾司氯胺酮在临床工作中更好地应用提供参考。方法120名患者通过随机数字表法分为对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组,每组各40例(n=40)。对照组予以丙泊酚1.2~1.5 mg/kg缓慢推注麻醉,低剂量组予以0.3 mg/kg艾司氯胺酮加1.0 mg/kg丙泊酚缓慢推注麻醉,高剂量组予以0.6 mg/kg艾司氯胺酮加0.5~0.8 mg/kg丙泊酚缓慢推注麻醉,后行无抽搐电休克治疗(MECT),治疗过程中评价疗效、安全性指标和对认知功能的影响。结果对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组患者的HAMD-24评分治疗前无明显差异,经MECT治疗后评分值逐组递减,低剂量组、高剂量组各项观察指标较对照组有差异(均P<0.05),低剂量组与高剂量组各项观察指标有差异(均P<0.05);重复性成套神经心理状态测验(RBANS)对三组患者行认知功能评估,结果显示三组患者治疗后高剂量组的RBANS评分分值明显高于低剂量组、对照组(均P<0.05);三组120例患者中没有出现严重的不良反应,三组不良反应发生率相比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);利用Beck自杀意念量表对三组患者接受治疗后自杀意念的疗效进行评估,结果显示治疗后高剂量组的Beck自杀意念量表评分分值明显低于低剂量组、对照组(均P<0.05)。结论三组患者的重度抑郁症状及自杀意念均得到改善,使用不同麻醉剂及不同剂量对伴有自杀意念的重度抑郁患者疗效随着剂量的变化呈现显著差异,且均未出现严重的不良反应,其应用到临床的安全性已得到验证,值得临床进一步推广。

不均衡小样本下多特征优化选择的生命体触电故障识别方法

针对现有的剩余电流保护装置无法有效识别触电事故的问题,该文提出了一种不均衡小样本下多特征优化选择的生命体触电故障识别方法。首先通过变分自编码器(VAE)对实验收集到的生命体触电小样本数据进行增殖以实现正负样本均衡;然后在时域上提取能够反映波形动态变化特性的23个特征量,并利用高斯核Fisher判别分析(GKFDA)与最大信息系数(MIC)法从中选择最优表达特征组;最后,提出基于遗忘因子的在线顺序极限学习机(FOS-ELM)算法实现生命体触电行为的鉴别。实验结果表明,所提方法利用不均衡小样本触电数据集就可以训练出一个优秀的分类模型,诊断准确率可达98.75%,诊断时间仅为1.33 ms。其优良的性能结合在线增量式学习分类器设计,使得模型具备新知识学习能力,具有极好的工程应用前景。

某型直升机超短波电台结构设计

本文开展了适用于某型直升机平台的机载超短波电台结构设计,从结构总体设计、电气互联设计、散热设计、抗冲振性能设计、三防设计等角度,全方位的阐述了设备的结构设计过程,可为同类设备的结构设计提供借鉴。

DNA电击对草莓花粉活力的影响

以‘申琪’草莓花粉为材料,结合不同电脉冲形态、电场强度和电击次数进行处理,然后在花粉萌发培养基上28℃黑暗孵育,于3、6、18、24h时用显微镜观察花粉萌发情况,探索草莓花粉电击适宜参数。结果表明:80μs方波脉冲在4.5—6.0kV/cm强度电击1次,可逆抑制花粉萌发,抑制程度与电场强度呈正相关;电击后3h花粉萌发率为CK1的36%—70%,24h时为CK1的60%—85%。方波4.5—5.0kV/cm强度电击2次产生部分可逆抑制,电击24h后花粉萌发率为CK1的20%—50%;5.5—6.0kV/cm方波脉冲电击2次和4.5—6.0kV/cm电击3次产生不可逆抑制,电击24h后花粉萌发率低于CK1的10%。用2.75—6.0kV/cm指数衰减波3.5ms脉冲电击后,花粉活力快速下降,电击18h后花粉萌发率在1%以下。综上,强度4.5—5.0kV/cm方波脉冲80μs电击2次为草莓花粉适宜电击参数。

带蒂旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣与躯干任意皮瓣修复手部电击伤致软组织缺损疗效对比

目的对比分析带蒂旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣与躯干任意皮瓣修复手部电击伤致软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法选取2017年5月至2022年6月河南科技大学第一附属医院收治的82例手部电击伤致软组织缺损患者作为研究对象,按照不同治疗方式将其分为试验组(40例)和对照组(42例),试验组患者软组织缺损创面采用带蒂旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣进行修复,对照组患者软组织缺损创面采用躯干任意皮瓣进行修复,对比观察两组患者皮瓣血管蒂长度、住院时间、创面愈合时间、手指关节总主动活动度、皮瓣受区支配区域感觉功能与并发症(淋巴瘘、血管危象、瘢痕挛缩)发生情况。结果试验组患者皮瓣血管蒂长度为(789±113)cm,明显长于对照组患者的皮瓣血管蒂长度(629±121)cm(t=6181,P<0001);住院时间为(3114±492)d、创面愈合时间为(4019±1023)d,明显短于对照组患者的住院时间(3358±503)d、创面愈合时间(4662±1141)d(t=2219、2682,P=0029、0009)。术后4个月,试验组患者手指关节总主动活动度为良20例、中16例、差4例,明显优于对照组患者的手指关节总主动活动度为良10例、中20例、差12例(Z=-2762,P=0006);试验组患者皮瓣受区支配区域感觉功能为5级8例、4级12例、3级11例、2级7例、1级2例,明显优于对照组患者的皮瓣受区支配区域感觉功能为5级1例、4级10例、3级10例、2级13例、1级7例、0级1例(Z=-3005,P=0002)。试验组患者术后并发症发生率为1750%,明显低于对照组患者的术后并发症发生率4048%(χ^(2)=5224,P=0022)。结论与躯干任意皮瓣相比,带蒂旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣可有效修复手部电击伤所致的软组织缺损,促进手部运动功能及感觉功能恢复,降低淋巴瘘等并发症发生率。

基于近邻成分分析与优化核极限学习机的光伏接入配电网漏电识别

在光伏接入的配电网中,现有漏电保护装置无法区分光伏设备漏电流与发生生物触电时的故障漏电流,导致系统存在安全隐患。针对此问题,提出一种基于近邻成分分析(neighborhood component analysis,NCA)与核极限学习机(kernel extreme learning machine,KELM)的光伏接入配电网漏电识别方法。首先,构建了9维原始故障特征集,并采用NCA从9维特征集中选择得到4维高相关性特征子集;然后,将得到的4维特征子集作为KELM的输入,建立基于KELM的漏电识别模型,并通过麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm,SSA)对KELM模型中的参数进行优化;最后,将所提SSA-KELM方法应用于漏电识别,并与标准核极限学习机(KELM)、支持向量机(SVM)、BP神经网络(BPNN)进行了对比。比较结果表明:SSA-KELM对光伏接入配电网漏电类型的识别率最高,平均识别准确率达97.98%,为有效识别生物体触电与光伏漏电提供一定理论参考。

抗电击功能防护服的研究进展

为给抗电击功能防护服研究与开发的生产企业及相关研究人员提供指导,从理论上分析了抗电击功能织物的抗电击机理,探究抗电击功能面料设计时需考虑的关键参数,全面综述抗电击功能面料的导电性及防护服的结构设计、电学性能测试、耐久性等方面的国内外研究现状,分析目前抗电击功能防护服研究与开发存在的问题,提出未来抗电击功能防护服研发应在高性能、轻量化、低成本、耐久性以及绿色发展等方面开展工作,特别是应尽快完善抗电击功能防护服电学性能测试的标准方法,确保抗电击功能防护服定期检查的准确性和从业人员的人身安全。

一种适用于海洋平台的电控手柄的结构设计

海洋平台是长期远离港口的外海海域从事钻探和石油开采的人工岛,由于长期处于海风、海浪、潮流、地震等恶劣环境下,会造成海洋平台产生强震动的现象,从而有可能造成平台设备故障以及危及作业人员的生命安全。为了提高海洋平台的抗震能力,提出了一种采用机械锁定结构进行定位的离散型电控手柄的设计方案,并对此设计方案进行小批量加工验证以及疲劳寿命实验验证。结果显示,采用机械结构进行定位的电控手柄可以满足抗震性的要求,并且在经过1×10^(6)次加速疲劳寿命测试后,该电控手柄结构仍然可以快速、准确定位,且测试前后挡位反馈力变化幅度较小。综合上述实验结果,这种采用机械锁定结构进行定位的离散型电控手柄的设计方案可以有效避免由于海洋平台的强震动而产生跳档、脱档的问题,并且具有较高的可靠性与稳定性,可以满足海洋平台电控手柄的使用要求,并且可为后续同类型的电控手柄研究提供实验依据。

光伏火灾带电扑救触电安全性分析研究

由于光伏发电系统在有光照条件下会持续发电,故无法切断其电源,而使用传统的灭火剂扑救光伏火灾时会发生触电事故。为研究传统灭火剂在带电状态下扑救光伏发电系统直流侧高压的触电风险,提出了光伏火灾带电扑救试验平台和试验方法。通过试验发现:泡沫、水基灭火剂、二氧化碳等灭火剂在扑救直流侧300~1 500 V高压光伏火灾时,由于灭火剂的绝缘性而无法形成回路,从而不具备导电性;消火栓水枪和多功能水枪带电扑救过程中枪头带有直流电,枪头电压随流量和距离的变化而变化,由于多功能水枪水柱中心为空气,显著降低了水柱的电导率,因此,多功能水枪比消火栓水枪更适合扑救光伏发电系统带电火灾。通过拟合得到了多功能水枪带电扑救过程中水电导率的计算方法,计算确定了水枪一级和二级带电扑救的安全距离。带电扑救过程中的扑救距离要严格大于一级安全扑救距离,二级扑救距离范围内要采取相应的防护措施,以防止触电事故的发生。

浅谈预防触电事故的安全防范措施

自从电力作为能源广泛应用于企业生产及生活的各个领域以来,电气危害事故也随之频繁发生,主要包括人身触电、电气引起的火灾和爆炸、电气引起的二次事故等。在这些事故中,以人身触电事故危害最大。每年发生触电事故的报道非常多,每一次触电事故的发生背后是一个幸福、美满家庭的破灭。为什么施工现场是触电事故的频发地,对于这个问题非常有必要进行深入思考其背后的原因。因此,本文重点对触电事故发生原因和触电事故防范措施进行分析,提出预防触电事故的安全防范措施,做到事前预防。主要来说,就是要牢固树立“安全第一”思想,贯彻“预防为主”的方针,认真落实保证安全的组织措施和安全技术措施,做到防患于未然。

海洋石油平台的电气事故隐患及防护措施研究

海洋石油平台电气事故主要包括触电事故、雷击事故、静电事故、电路故障事故及防爆设备事故,这几类事故均可能导致海上平台发生火灾爆炸的严重后果,对海上平台生产运行和安全造成极大威胁。电气设计、建造、安装和作业方应在其实施过程中及时辨识和排除电气事故隐患,并采取对应的防护措施,保障海洋平台的本质安全。文章较为系统地介绍了引发海洋石油平台电气事故的主要原因,分析研究了避免电气事故的防护措施,有助于电气设计、建造、安装和作业人员对电气事故及隐患具有基本认识,为保障海洋平台电气安全提供了可靠依据。