The research reported in this paper investigated the role of identity construction in the emergence and escalation of conflict in the participatory management of protected areas in Benin. The study shows that social i...The research reported in this paper investigated the role of identity construction in the emergence and escalation of conflict in the participatory management of protected areas in Benin. The study shows that social identity salience was dynamic and played an important role in the emergence and escalation of conflict in the studied cases. Conflicts emerged when identities became salient as a result of the stake-holders’ framing of contextual factors as a threat to their identity. The conflicts escalated when decisions and actions undertaken in the management process were framed as top-down and as posing a threat to the identities of the stakeholders. We conclude that, although the government in the management of the protected areas introduced participation, unilateral decisions taken about the way the conflicts should be managed caused disappointment and distrust, and thus led to a greater distance between the parties involved and to conflict escalation.展开更多
In most of the previous studies of social stratification, one of the mainhypotheses is that the class identity and class consciousness, which are determined by the economic income and the social status, will determine...In most of the previous studies of social stratification, one of the mainhypotheses is that the class identity and class consciousness, which are determined by the economic income and the social status, will determine again the social attitude and social action of the class. This is one kind of social action logics of class driven by the class interests.The present new social movements and the theory of risk society have revealed another kind of social action logic driven by the value conception and class identity. Based on an analysis of the findings of a social survey conducted from Nov. To Dec. , 2002 in 31 big cities (the cities under the jurisdiction of central government and the capitals of provinces) in the mainland of China,this paper has proved the existence of this logic.The results of the analysis indicate that the class identity is the most important factor in influencing the social attitude and the intention of the social actor, but it is not determined by the economic income and the occupational status.展开更多
文摘The research reported in this paper investigated the role of identity construction in the emergence and escalation of conflict in the participatory management of protected areas in Benin. The study shows that social identity salience was dynamic and played an important role in the emergence and escalation of conflict in the studied cases. Conflicts emerged when identities became salient as a result of the stake-holders’ framing of contextual factors as a threat to their identity. The conflicts escalated when decisions and actions undertaken in the management process were framed as top-down and as posing a threat to the identities of the stakeholders. We conclude that, although the government in the management of the protected areas introduced participation, unilateral decisions taken about the way the conflicts should be managed caused disappointment and distrust, and thus led to a greater distance between the parties involved and to conflict escalation.
文摘In most of the previous studies of social stratification, one of the mainhypotheses is that the class identity and class consciousness, which are determined by the economic income and the social status, will determine again the social attitude and social action of the class. This is one kind of social action logics of class driven by the class interests.The present new social movements and the theory of risk society have revealed another kind of social action logic driven by the value conception and class identity. Based on an analysis of the findings of a social survey conducted from Nov. To Dec. , 2002 in 31 big cities (the cities under the jurisdiction of central government and the capitals of provinces) in the mainland of China,this paper has proved the existence of this logic.The results of the analysis indicate that the class identity is the most important factor in influencing the social attitude and the intention of the social actor, but it is not determined by the economic income and the occupational status.
