Research progress on risk factors and non-drug treatment of delirium patients in CICU

Delirium is a clinical syndrome of acute brain dysfunction,especially the incidence of delirium in patients in Cardiac Intensive Care Unit(CICU)is relatively high.This paper mainly describes the main risk factors for delirium in CICU patients are patient characteristic,disease,treatment and environment and the research progress of non-pharmacological treatment is reviewed,aiming at nursing staff should pay more attention to the patient characteristics and actively take non-pharmacological nursing measures and prevent the occurrence of delirium.This article focuses on the main risk factors of CICU patients with delirium and the research progress of non-pharmacological treatment.It aims to provide a reference basis for the management and research of CICU delirium patients in China in the future.

TMR Non-Drug Therapy： the modernization of non-drug therapy

After several months of preparation, we are excited that Traditional Medicine Research （TMR） Non-Drug Therapy, an English electronic international academic journal in the field of non-drug treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, has been finally launched. Here, on behalf of TMR Non-Drug Therapy team, I would like to acknowledge all the members of the TMR editorial board for their great support and help.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents: Early Prevention and Non-Drug Therapy

The global rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in youth has increased dramatically in the last 30 years. This increase mirrors the global epidemic of childhood obesity. Studies show that, compared to adults who develop T2DM, youth with T2DM ultimately suffer from more harmful symptoms. The prevalence of T2DM and obesity in youth signals a significant public health issue that financially burdens governments, families, and individuals. Since evidence suggests that T2DM in youth is different from both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in adults, researchers and clinicians face many difficulties in developing new treatments. Most treatment efforts have relied on drugs;however, recent studies suggest that non-drug therapy also effectively reduces obesity and diabetic symptoms. Healthier eating, increased physical exercise, and positive mental health, are often underappreciated factors towards managing obesity. Yet these lifestyle changes empower both young and older patients to independently fight diseases and attain better health. To manage the global health risk of obesity, further research addressing the prevention and nondrug early intervention of T2DM and obesity in youth is urgently needed. The present review focuses on the latest updates in the field.

Research Progress of Non-drug Therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)as a relatively common clinical reproductive endocrine disease,the incidence is increasing year by year and the treatment is difficult,among which obese PCOS accounts for nearly 50%of the total.In recent years,non-drug therapy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been effective in the treatment of PCOS.This article summarizes the relevant literature in the past ten years from acupuncture,acupoint embedding,moxibustion,and auricular points,and observes the effects of TCM non-drug therapy on endocrine and glucose and lipid metabolism in obese PCOS patients.The impact of various indicators such as body mass index,body mass index,etc.,and discuss the problems in such treatments,as well as put forward suggestions to achieve the purpose of better guiding the clinical treatment of obese PCOS.

The mechanism and research progress of non-drug analgesic labor

Non-drug analgesic labor is of great significance to protect,promote and support natural labor.The purpose of this paper is to review the mechanism of non-drug analgesia,the significance of non-drug analgesia delivery,and the methods of non-drug analgesia delivery,so as to provide reference for the research of clinical non-drug analgesia delivery and promote the development of non-drug analgesia delivery.

Discussion on prevention and control of COVID-19 by non-drug methods in traditional Chinese medicine

COVID-19 has been discovered since December 2019 and has become a global pandemic recently,killing hundreds of thousands of people in 216 countries and regions around the world.COVID-19 has caused more than 4000 deaths in China,seriously affecting national health and national economy.Since the outbreak of COVID-19,National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China has used the method of sino-western medicine to prevent and control COVID-19,effectively curbed the spread of the epidemic.But the TCM methods in the scheme are all oral prescriptions,less involving non-drug methods.Therefore,I searched the COVID-19 control methods published in various parts of the country,this paper plans to discuss how to improve immunity from the perspective of non-drug methods such as moxibustion,diet therapy,self massage,physical exercise skills and traditional music,hoping can helps the susceptible populations,infected,discharged and medical staff in COVID-19 epidemic.

Traditional Chinese non-drug therapies for cancer pain treatment

Cancer pain is the most common and serious symptom of cancer, which seriously affects the quality of life of cancer patients. the most widely used three-step analgesia has received good effects, but the toxic side effects at the same time can be ignored. As a complementary therapy increasingly accepted around the world, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) also plays an important role in cancer pain treatment. Traditional Chinese non-drug therapy has a good effect for cancer pain. In this mini-review, the commonly used traditional Chinese non-drug therapies such as acupuncture, moxibustion, acupoint catgut embedding and injection, massage, ear point pressing with coxherb seeds therapy, traditional music therapy were introduced.

Non-drug interventions for cancer-related fatigue: an updated review

Non-drug interventions are easy operation, no damage and with significant effects treatment for cancer-related fatigue, which also can reduce the economic burden of cancer patients and improve the quality of life. This article reviews the effects of non-drug interventions on cancer-induced fatigue including exercise intervention, long distance healthy education, cognitive behavior intervention, traditional Chinese medicine intervention and emotional intervention to provide reference for clinical medical staff and relevant scholars.

Non-Drug Therapy to Combat Coronavirus

Novel coronavirus is threatening the health of people all over the world and all possible treatment strategies are in urgent. The sensitive of virus to heat proposed temperature treatment as an effective method against coronavirus. Here, we proposed several non-drug therapies including far-infrared, thermal air, thermal oxygen, ozone, hydrogen therapy and plasma physical therapy for immediate clinical trial and implementation. Compared with the drug therapy, these methods are safe without side effects, the highest benefit-to-risk ratio, user-friendly, and low implementation costs. It is urgent and significant to start these non-drug therapeutic design and implementation as early as possible, to determine the safety and effectiveness of these therapeutic methods.

Progress research on non-drug therapy in cancer-related fatigue

Cancer-related fatigue is the most prevalent and persistently symptom in cancer survivors than any other symptom,which is caused by both the disease and its treatment.Patients with cancer show a severe symptom of fatigue,which cannot be relieved by general rest or sleep.Cancer-related fatigue negatively impacts a patient's physical and emotional function,social ability and even patients’prognosis.At present,the mechanism of cancer-related fatigue remain unclear despite much research,and a variety of mechanisms may contribute to its occurrence and development,including inflammatory reaction,metabolism dysregulation,immune activation,hormonal changes,central nervous system dysfunction,etc.Now a broad variety of drugs and non-drugs interventions are used against cancer-related fatigue.The intervention of conventional western medicine mainly contains hematopoietic stimulants,hormones,mental stimulants,and antidepressants,but their widely clinical application is limited by their effectiveness and possible side effects to a certain degree.There are also many forms of non-drug interventions for managing cancer-related fatigue,such as exercise intervention,psychological intervention,sleep intervention,nutrition intervention,bright white light therapy,etc.The aim of this review is to provide recommendations of non-drug interventions for patients with CRF during and after cancer treatment,in order to provide an evidence-based guideline for clinicians.

Research progress on non-drug treatment of diabetic kidney disease

Diabetic kidney disease is one of the most serious and common chronic complications of diabetes and one of the leading causes of death in diabetic patients.In the case of diabetic kidney disease,sustained proteinuria is irreversible until it develops into end-stage renal disease.Drug treatment of diabetic kidney disease is relatively limited.More and more evidences into the effectiveness and safety that related non-drug treatments not only have the characteristics of simple operation and high safety,but also can improve the clinical symptoms of patients with diabetic kidney disease,reduce laboratory indicators,and delay disease progression.This article summarizes the recent literature on non-drug treatment of diabetic kidney disease such as exercise therapy,acupuncture therapy,acupoint application,auricular acupoint pressing pill therapy,moxibustion therapy,in order to provide reference for clinical treatment.

Research Progress of Treating Chronic Atrophic Gastritis by Non-Drug Therapy

Modern medicine believes that the incidence and detection rate of chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)are positively correlated with age.Early detection,monitoring and intervention are helpful to reduce the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer.Non-drug therapy has many unique methods,wide range of application,simple operation,easy to popularize characteristics.In the process of using non-drug therapy to treat CAG syndrome differentiation,the principle of"treating the same disease with different methods"and"treating different diseases with the same method"must be followed.In recent years,in order to improve the quality of life of CAG patients and optimize treatment methods,some research progress has been made in the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis with non-drug therapy.This paper summarized mainly from the basic function principle and the characteristic of Chinese medicine non-drug therapy,the mechanism of various kinds of non-drug therapy treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis and its respective application.

Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy: electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy and new technologies

Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological disorder.Studies regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of epilepsy.The pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota composition.Satisfactory results are lacking for conventional treatments for epilepsy.Surgical resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with epilepsy.Non-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research focus.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of epilepsy.It also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation.Numerous studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic seizures.Additionally,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being explored.However,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.

中医非药物疗法治疗糖尿病前期的应用进展

糖尿病前期是指在正常血糖与糖尿病之间的中间高血糖状态,其中包括空腹血糖受损、糖耐量减低及两者混合状态人群。糖尿病前期是一个可逆的过程,积极干预糖尿病前期人群是预防糖尿病发生和发展的关键。中医非药物疗法在治疗糖尿病前期方面效果显著,不良反应较少。

糖酵解在非小细胞肺癌吉非替尼耐药中的作用研究

目的探讨糖酵解在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)吉非替尼(Gefitinib)耐药中的变化及作用。方法体外培养NSCLC亲本细胞PC-9和A549,并采用浓度递增法构建NSCLC吉非替尼耐药细胞PC-9-GR和A549-GR,通过CCK-8和平板克隆形成实验鉴定细胞耐药性,葡萄糖摄取检测试剂盒和乳酸测试盒分别检测葡萄糖代谢和乳酸产出水平,qRT-PCR和Western blot实验检测细胞糖酵解关键酶的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。采用糖酵解抑制剂2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖(2-deoxy-D-glucose,2-DG)抑制细胞糖酵解后,观察细胞活力及吉非替尼耐药性的变化情况。结果相较于各自亲本细胞,耐药细胞PC-9-GR和A549-GR对吉非替尼抵抗性增强(均P<0.01),葡萄糖代谢速率和乳酸产出水平提高(均P<0.01);糖酵解关键酶HK2、LDHA和PFK的mRNA表达水平升高(均P<0.001),HK2、LDHA、PFKP和PKM2的蛋白表达水平增加(均P<0.001)。2-DG对耐药细胞活力的抑制作用较各自亲本细胞更明显(均P<0.05),且在一定程度上可增强吉非替尼对耐药细胞的杀伤效应。结论NSCLC吉非替尼耐药伴随着糖酵解的激活,该过程可能与糖酵解关键酶表达升高有关,抑制其水平或活性可能是逆转吉非替尼耐药的有效措施。

中医非药物疗法治疗骨伤术后疼痛临床观察

目的探讨分析中医非药物疗法治疗骨伤术后疼痛的临床效果。方法选择遂川县中医院于2020年1月—2022年1月收治的60例骨伤术后疼痛患者,采取随机数字表法分组,奇数患者纳入观察组(30例),实施中医非药物疗法,偶数患者纳入对照组(30例),实施常规治疗。对比两组临床疗效、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、生活质量评分以及关节活动度(ROM)等情况。结果观察组临床总有效率为93.33%(28/30),高于对照组的70.00%(21/30)(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组SAS、SDS、VAS和生活质量评分以及ROM均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用中医非药物疗法治疗骨伤,可有效缓解患者疼痛以及因疾病产生的焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪,其关节活动度改善明显,生活质量切实提升,值得临床大力推广、应用。

度洛西汀联合非甾体抗炎药在慢性骨关节炎患者中的应用

目的探讨度洛西汀联合非甾体抗炎药治疗慢性骨关节炎对患者疼痛、生活质量情况的影响。方法选取2022年8月至2023年8月信宜市人民医院收治的150例慢性骨关节炎患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(75例)和对照组(75例)。对照组采用单用非甾体抗炎药治疗,观察组采用度洛西汀联合非甾体抗炎药治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、疼痛情况、心理状态、生活质量、不良反应。结果观察组治疗8周后治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗8周后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、现有疼痛强度(PPI)、疼痛分级指数(PRI)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗8周后汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗8周后简明36项健康调查(SF-36)评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗8周后胃肠道不适、食欲减退、嗜睡、出汗等不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论度洛西汀联合非甾体抗炎药治疗慢性骨关节炎的效果显著,能有效缓解疼痛,改善心理状态,提高生活质量,且安全性好。

选择性COX-2抑制剂引起心血管风险的研究进展

非甾体抗炎药(non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)是一种有效的、广泛使用的抗炎镇痛药物,其对环氧合酶(cyclo-oxygenase,COX)亚型(COX-1、COX-2)的抑制作用将引起不同的反应,选择性COX-2抑制剂将显著增加不良心血管事件的风险,随着此类药物使用的增加和临床循证证据的积累,其带来的心血管风险引起了越来越多学者的关注。笔者通过归纳分析最新发表文献对选择性COX-2抑制剂引起心血管风险的研究进行综述,以期辅助临床合理用药,减少不良反应,提高用药安全性。

乳腺癌幸存者睡眠障碍非药物预防及管理最佳证据总结

目的筛选、提取并归纳乳腺癌幸存者睡眠障碍非药物预防及管理的相关最佳证据,为乳腺癌幸存者进行睡眠管理提供相关实践依据。方法采用PIPOST模式构建循证问题。根据循证检索资源的“6S”模型,使用计算机对PubMed、BMJ Best Practice、JBI循证卫生保健中心、NICE、Web of Science、美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)、中国知网、万方等数据库进行文献检索,检索内容包括临床指南、专家共识、系统评价、随机对照试验、临床决策以及证据总结等。结果共计纳入文献13篇,其中包含临床指南2篇,专家共识2篇,系统评价3篇,随机对照试验6篇。最终从睡眠障碍筛查与评估、体育活动建议、正念训练治疗、认知行为干预、中医治疗以及睡眠卫生健康教育等6个维度总结了27条最佳证据。结论本研究总结的27条最佳证据能为乳腺癌幸存者进行睡眠管理提供实践依据,将证据与临床实际相结合有助于制定系统化、全面化、个体化的睡眠管理方案。

晚期NSCLC患者能享受“药物假期”吗?—评ctDNA指导晚期NSCLC患者靶向药物的适应性降阶治疗

目前晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者一线治疗策略为根据肿瘤是否存在驱动基因进行个体化靶向治疗,靶向药物通常持续治疗至按照实体瘤疗效评价标准(Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors,RECIST)评估的肿瘤进展。来自临床研究和真实世界的数据显示靶向治疗明显提高晚期NSCLC患者总体生存,其中表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变或间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase,ALK)融合患者使用靶向治疗后有28%~46%患者在3年内肿瘤未发生进展[1-2]。