Retrospective Analysis of Treatment Results by Non-Invasive Radiofrequency (RF) Device with Standard and High Voltage RF Electrical Pulses Coupled with Suction for Fat Reduction and Cellulite Improvement

Introduction: The growing demand for non-surgical, non-invasive procedures for fat and circumference reduction and for cellulite treatments has led to the development of various energy-based technologies. Bi-polar radiofrequency (RF) technology combined with additional technologies, such as vacuum, massage or infrared (IR) light is widely used in various body contouring treatments in the medical aesthetic market. The current study is based on a retrospective efficacy analysis of an RF device, combining two RF modalities, coupled with suction. Methods: Representative treatment outcomes, documented in photographs taken at baseline and post-treatment were gathered from several clinics. Photos of the various treatment areas were evaluated by independent evaluators for cellulite and contour improvement. Results: Before and after photographs were gathered from 31 patients treated in different clinics. Analysis was carried out on different body areas such as thighs, abdomen, back, buttocks and arms and analyzed by two independent evaluators. Scoring was performed according to the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) scale and indicated an overall improvement in the contour of all treated body areas. In cellulite cases, improved appearance according to the cellulite grading scale was noted. Conclusion: This retrospective analysis supports the device’s efficacy for fat and circumferences reduction and cellulite improvement. The device’s unique specifications contribute to treatment safety and efficacy which is highly tolerable by the patients.

Fat Reduction and Replacement by Olive Oil in Bologna Type Cooked Sausage. Quality and Nutritional Aspects

Eight different types of Bologna type cooked sausages apart from the control were produced in order to reduce the fat content (15%, 30%, 45%), replace the animal fat by olive oil (3%, 6.5% and 10%) as well as concomitant reduction and replacement of animal fat (30% of fat reduction with 2% of olive oil as an animal fat replacer). Quality attributes such as texture, water binding and color were monitored. Texture and water binding of fat reduced and fat replaced samples were quite similar to the control while color was strongly affected by the fat reduction and replacement. Fat reduction led to a redder cooked sausage and the addition of olive oil to a more yellow product. Chemical analysis revealed no major changes among samples apart from protein and fat content and fatty acid profile. Noteworthy, cooked sausage with more than 6.5% of olive oil achieved the World Health Organization’s recommendation on the nutritional fat index ((polyunsaturated + monounsaturated)/saturated fatty acid ≥ 2) which is very relevant to the development of healthier formulations. Cooked sausages with 45% of fat reduction and 30% fat reduced with 2% of olive oil were considered as the best by the panelists, which in addition had a balanced nutritional content by a lower caloric content. We concluded that fat reduction (up to 45%) and replacement (up to 10%) are possible with acceptable sensory quality and improved nutritional composition. When replacing animal fats by plant oils, the color of the product, which has a strong influence on the sensory acceptability of Bologna type cooked sausages, is affected. Therefore it must be controlled for a proper product development of meat products containing vegetable oils.

From Simulation to Reality: A Comprehensive Study on the Efficacy of a Rotating Monopolar and Bipolar Radiofrequency System through In-Silico Modeling and Pre-Clinical and Clinical Validation

Background: Skin aging is an unavoidable process aggravated by environmental agents. Among other energy devices, non-invasive radiofrequency (RF) technology is widely used for skin tightening and body contouring as it is simpler and more affordable than other technologies that also minimize pain and side-effects. However, most of the current RF devices do not provide automatic skin temperature control and it is difficult to achieve controlled, deep, and harmless thermal increase, so treatment performance and safety is dependent on the operator’s movements and expertise. Objective: To show the potential of numerical simulations for optimizing the design of monopolar and bipolar RF electrodes that are capable of providing homogeneous, deep and controlled heating. Materials and methods: In-silico models were developed and analyzed using Comsol Multiphysics software to simulate the RF effect produced in tissue by rotating monopolar and bipolar electrodes with different geometries from the Sculpt & Shape RF device (Sinclair, Spain), operating at frequencies of 0.5 and 1 MHz. Ex-vivo and in-vivo proof-of-concept tests were carried out to validate the simulations. Finally, treatments were performed on 16 subjects and a total of 78 body areas to assess the clinical results generated by the RF electrodes for skin tightening and body contouring. Results: In-silico studies emulated the superficial and deep dispersion of heat due to the release of RF energy into human skin tissue. The rotating electrodes (monopolar and bipolar) and the selected RF frequency (0.5 and 1 MHz) determined the homogeneity of the thermal distribution, the penetration depth (between 4.37 mm and 25.0 mm) and the heating dynamics (between 30 and 100 seconds to reach the target skin temperature), which were confirmed by ex-vivo and in-vivo tests. In addition, real treatments on facial and body areas using skin temperatures of between 43˚C and 44˚C showed consistent results with good clinical efficacy for skin tightening, circumference reduction and cellulite reduction, with no adverse effects and high subject satisfaction. Conclusions: New monopolar and bipolar RF electrodes with rotating technology have been designed and optimized using numerical simulations. The use of in-silico studies and accurate models that reproduce the thermal behavior of human biological tissues can be used to better understand RF devices and to develop superior, efficient, and safer products more quickly.

血脂异常诊治研究进展

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)是全球第一致死原因,冠心病的诊治中,血脂控制是较为重要的一环。本文从血脂异常病因、管理目标、药物治疗等方面展开综述,以期为临床医生提供最新信息,指导临床用药。

一种新型表面活性剂在家居清洁产品中的绿色解决方案研究

家居清洁产品常见一些亟待解决的问题。比如在浓缩配方中需同时使用大量的溶剂以提高稳定性、在厨房重油污清洁中存在高碱物质和溶剂、洗洁精去油力不够等。这些问题可以通过调整产品原料种类和配比,选用合适的非离子表面活性剂,如异构醇醚NE系列产品来解决。具体措施包括在浓缩配方中取代部分溶剂,在厨房重油污清洁中提供更温和的配方,提高洗洁精去油率等。

基于胡塞尔现象学的“即刻乐动”减脂速食食品包装设计

随着经济的发展和物质生活的富足,肥胖问题日渐普遍,这对身材管理提出了较高的要求。运用胡塞尔现象学的本质直观法,从颜色、文字、部分到整体意向性,设计即刻乐动减脂速餐包装,来传递“健康”“动起来”的生活态度。

黑木耳减脂饼干工艺研究

以低筋面粉、小苏打、松仁油脂、左旋肉碱和食盐为制作主要原料,通过添加一定比例的黑木耳粉、燕麦及木糖醇来确定黑木耳减脂饼干的加工工艺流程。以感官评价为参考指标,通过单因素试验和响应面优化相结合探究黑木耳减脂饼干的最佳工艺配方。结果表明:最佳配方为低筋粉100 g,黑木耳粉50 g,燕麦20 g,木糖醇18 g,小苏打1 g,松仁油脂5 g,左旋肉碱1.5 g,食盐0.5 g,焙烤温度210℃,焙烤时间10 min。此条件下的黑木耳减脂饼干咀嚼性较好,外形饱满,花纹清晰,适合减脂人群食用。

Nutritional recommendations for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases

Fatty liver is the most common liver disease worldwide.Patients with fatty liver disease die primarily from cardiovascular disease and not from chronic liver diseases.Hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia induce lipogenesis,thereby increasing the hepatic pool of fatty acids.This pool is also increased by increased delivery of fatty acids through the diet or lipolysis in adipose tissue.Nutritional consultations and lifestyle modification are important in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Among the dietary constituents,combination of vitamin D,vitamin E,and omega-3 fatty acids shows promise for the treatment of NAFLD.

Non-invasive focused ultrasound for abdominal circumference reduction:does it really work?

Aim:Non-invasive body contouring is a promising modality.However,due to a lack of good evidence-based data,the mechanism by which contouring occurs remains unclear.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with the Contour I™ultrasound system(Ultrashape®,Syneron®,Israel)on abdominal circumference and to compare 2 power levels for efficacy and safety.Methods:A prospective,self-controlled double-blind design was used.Thirty-six women,aged 30-45 years,were randomized to receive treatment with the Contour I at high or low acoustic outputs in 3 successive sessions,1 month apart.Safety was evaluated by adverse events,local skin reaction,and pain.Efficacy was evaluated by the change in abdominal circumference relative to baseline and to the untreated thigh area(internal control).Patients were followed for 28 days after the last treatment session.Results:At 1 month after the first session,the mean reductions in abdominal circumference measured 1.65 cm(P<0.001)and 0.87 cm(P<0.019)in the high and low-power groups,respectively.At 1 month after the last session,the cumulative reductions in circumference were 2.56 cm(P<0.001)and 1.49 cm(P<0.012),respectively.There was no change in the internal-control circumference throughout treatment.There were no treatment-induced severe adverse events.Conclusion:Multiple successive treatments of the abdominal area with the Contour I lead to a significant progressive reduction in circumference.The magnitude of the reduction is directly correlated to the acoustic power output which suggests that the technology itself is the main cause for the contouring effect.

Advances in the research and application of high-intensity focused electromagnetic technology for fat apoptosis and body shaping

With improvements in living standards and advancements in medical technology,the demand for fat reduction and body shaping is increasing.Non-invasive fat reduction and body shaping therapy has gradually become a research hotspot in plastic surgery.High-intensity electromagnetic technology,a non-invasive treatment that can reduce subcutaneous fat and strengthen muscle,has been increasingly applied in clinics in recent years.This article reviews the fat reduction and body shaping mechanism and clinical effects of this equipment and provides a reference for its clinical application.

磁共振成像去金属伪影技术的研究进展

磁共振成像(MRI)去金属伪影技术是专业用于减少金属伪影的成像技术,能够显示金属植入术后患者体内的假体结构信息,提高骨关节及周围软组织病变的检测能力,为临床术后疗效评估及制订个体化治疗方案提供依据。根据相关文献,就近年新发展起来的三点法非对称回波水脂分离技术(IDEAL)、视角倾斜技术(VAT)、层面编码金属伪影矫正技术(SEMAC)、多采集与可变谐图像结合技术(MAVRIC)等新方法在临床中研究进展进行综述,并总结目前使用过程中存在的问题。

HIIT与有氧运动结合训练对单纯性肥胖大学生减脂效果的分析

采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、实验法对HIIT(High-Intensity Intervals Training)与有氧运动结合训练对单纯性肥胖大学生减脂效果进行探究,得出以下结论:HIIT结合有氧运动训练对单纯性肥胖大学生减脂效果更佳;通过使用不同的运动干预方式,进行为期8周的实验研究,可以得出:两种不同的运动方式均可有效的降低单纯性肥胖大学生的体重,BMI值及体脂率。在传统有氧运动与HIIT结合有氧运动两种方式干预下,单纯性肥胖大学生的体重及BMI值没有显著性差异,说明HIIT结合有氧运动训练更有利于单纯性肥胖大学生减脂。

动商视角下的大学生减脂实践研究

文章在阐释动商概念以及动商与肥胖关系的基础上,对比分析了减脂课程中学生的体重变化,并从动商的角度解读学生的减肥效果,进一步探讨减肥后身体所发生的变化,以及在促进智商、情商、动商一体发展方面所发挥的作用,为动商的进一步研究提供借鉴。

自拟降脂减肥方联合穴位埋线对脾虚湿瘀型肥胖患者的治疗效果

目的评价自拟降脂减肥方中药口服联合穴位埋线对脾虚湿瘀型肥胖患者的临床治疗效果。方法选取江苏省扬州市中医院养生保健科2020年1月至2022年6月脾虚湿瘀型肥胖患者100例为研究对象,依据随机数表法予以分组。对照组50例接受自拟降脂减肥方中药口服配合南征“一则八法”中饮食运动法干预,观察组50例遵循内外同治法,在对照组干预基础上联合腹部穴位埋线。分别在治疗前、治疗3个月后测定两组患者的体重指数(BMI)、腹围、腰围、血脂(三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇)、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素,统计总有效率并对以上观察指标进行比较。结果观察组的总有效率高于对照组,治疗后的BMI、腹围、腰围、血脂、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在脾虚湿瘀型肥胖患者临床治疗中自拟降脂减肥方联合穴位埋线疗效确切,可有效降低体重、调节血糖与血脂,具有重要的推广应用价值。

利用显微热台对不同还原程度肥煤炼焦配伍性的研究

利用显微热台对煤炭在热演化过程中的变化进行研究,有助于揭示煤中不同组分的热演化特征。在分析实验用煤基本性质的基础上,利用显微热台实时观测了3种不同还原程度肥煤在氮气气氛中的热演化特征,并采用不同配煤方案分别进行了40 kg炼焦配煤试验,探究了焦炭强度与肥煤热演化关键温度区间的关系。结果表明:不同还原程度肥煤在400℃左右表面均发生变化,并可以在较宽的温度区间内提供较多的胶质体;弱还原程度肥煤热解温和、表面出现裂纹,中还原程度肥煤变化特征较为连续,强还原程度肥煤热解变化剧烈;以三种不同还原程度肥煤为基础的配煤方案均可以制备出高质量冶金焦炭。

青砖茶特色中药茶饮的减肥作用研究

分别将2022年青砖茶、2012年青砖茶、决明子、荷叶、绞股蓝和茯苓以研磨打粉机磨成粉末,按青砖茶、决明子、荷叶、绞股蓝、茯苓的质量比3∶2∶2∶1∶2混匀,制作成青砖茶特色中药茶饮配方粉末。取48只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为空白组、肥胖组、新茶组(2022年青砖茶)、陈茶组(2012年青砖茶),每组12只。除空白组外,其余各组采用高脂饲料喂养17周建立肥胖模型,从第6周开始,新茶组和陈茶组分别开始灌胃新、陈青砖茶特色中药茶饮。17周后,计算小鼠身长体重,心脏取血,解剖称取小鼠肝脏,检测小鼠肝脏TC、TG、HDL、LDL水平和血清TC、TG水平,采用HE染色和油红O病理切片染色观察肝组织病理学变化。结果显示,与肥胖组相比,新茶组和陈茶组的体重、Lee’s指数、总胆固醇、总甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显下降(p<0.05),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量明显上升(p<0.05),氧化应激指标8-OH-dG、MDA和ROS含量均明显下降(p<0.05),炎症因子IL-6和IL-1β含量明显下降(p<0.05)。与新茶组对比,陈茶组的减肥效果更加明显。试验结果表明青砖茶特色中药茶饮可抑制肥胖小鼠氧化应激的发生,减少炎症反应,达到减肥的效果,且陈茶比新茶效果更加明显。

运动员减体重研究现状

总结了国内、外运动员减体重的最新研究成果,对运动员理想体重的确立、减体重的生理生化理论与方法、减体重的适宜幅度及其对运动员生理机能和运动能力的影响、运动员在减体重过程中存在的问题,以及合理减体重的原则和措施进行了综述。

共轭亚油酸对肥胖模型大鼠减肥作用的研究

以Wistar大鼠为模型鼠 ,建立了肥胖大鼠模型。经口给予肥胖大鼠共轭亚油酸 36d ,低、中、高剂量组均能极显著减少体重的增长 ,低剂量组能显著性降低体内脂肪重量。中、高剂量组均能极显著性降低体内脂肪重量 ,且对大鼠无明显损害。高剂量组能显著降低腿部肌肉组织脂肪含量 ,增加蛋白质含量。表明共轭亚油酸具有一定的减肥作用。

人工培养冬虫夏草菌丝的毒性及其抗疲劳、降血脂作用的研究

[目的]研究人工培养冬虫夏草菌丝的毒性及其有无抗疲劳、降血脂的作用,为寻找天然冬虫夏草替代品提供科学依据。[方法]急性毒性试验、30d喂养试验,均用GB15193.1-2003中规定方法;抗疲劳作用用小鼠负重游泳试验;降血脂作用用辅助降血脂试验法:先建立高血脂动物模型,再给予动物受试样品,按期称体重,30d后检测血清中血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量。[结果]游泳试验:高、中剂量组与对照组相比P﹤0.05、天然冬虫夏草组与正常对照组相比有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。小鼠游泳耐力天然冬虫夏草组﹥人工培养冬虫夏草菌丝组﹥正常对照组;降血脂试验:大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)测定为阳性,甘油三酯(TG)测定为阳性,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)为阴性。人工培养冬虫夏草菌丝无毒,并有一定的降低γ-GT、胆固醇及抗疲劳、降血脂的作用。[结论]人工培养冬虫夏草菌丝可以作为一种天然冬虫夏草替代品来开发利用。

4周有氧运动对肥胖儿童青少年身体形态、血脂和血胰岛素的影响

目的：观察4周有氧运动对肥胖儿童青少年身体形态、血脂和血胰岛素的影响,探讨运动减肥对肥胖儿童青少年健康的促进作用。方法：以2007～2009年参加上海巅峰运动减肥夏令营的126名（男64名,女62名）8~17岁,体脂率〉30%的肥胖儿童青少年为研究对象,入营时测试身高、体重、体脂率、BMI、脂肪体重、腰围、臀围、大腿围、空腹血胰岛素（FIN）、空腹血脂（TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C）、空腹血糖（FBG）,经运动负荷试验和体格检查,排除心血管机能障碍等危险因素后确定个体运动减肥方案。以心率为运动强度监控指标,目标心率=安静心率＋心率储备×（20%～40%）。选择强度容易控制、能持续长时间的运动方式,如游泳、快走、慢跑、健美操、羽毛球、篮球等。运动过程中遥测心率实时监控运动强度。根据研究对象的年龄、体重和基础代谢率计算其每天热能生理需要量,由专业营养师配餐。4周后测定相同指标并与入营时比较。结果：4周后,肥胖儿童青少年体重、体脂率、BMI、脂肪体重、腰围、臀围、大腿围、腰围身高比、臀围身高比和大腿围身高比与入营时比较均显著下降（P〈0.01）,体脂率下降明显大于体重和BMI。入营时,肥胖儿童青少年普遍存在血脂异常,空腹血胰岛素明显升高。4周运动减肥后,肥胖儿童青少年空腹血胰岛素、血脂和血糖水平与入营时相比均有明显改善。结论：肥胖儿童青少年已经存在脂类代谢紊乱倾向和胰岛素抵抗倾向。4周有氧运动结合适量饮食控制可以有效改善肥胖儿童青少年的身体形态,改善脂代谢紊乱和胰岛素抵抗,预防代谢综合征。与体重、BMI相比,体脂率是评价肥胖程度和减肥效果的首选指标。