Objective: In the manuscript titled Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor Rasagiline Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinsons Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, the objective was to ...Objective: In the manuscript titled Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor Rasagiline Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinsons Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, the objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the effects that Rasagiline has on motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Introduction: Rasagiline is a second-generation monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor used both as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for Parkinsons Disease (PD). Methods: A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed with randomized control trials that investigated the effects of Rasagiline on motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with PD. The systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCO databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Results: Fourteen studies were included in our review. There were trivial to small and statistically significant improvements in motor symptoms for individuals with PD treated with Rasagiline compared to placebo. Non-motor symptoms showed no significant improvement with Rasagiline compared to placebo in five of six meta-analyses. Results were based on very low to moderate certainty of evidence. Conclusion: 1 mg/day Rasagiline significantly improved Parkinsonian motor symptoms in individuals with PD compared with placebo. For all outcomes, the 1 mg/day Rasagiline group was favored over the placebo group.展开更多
<strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains a challenge for neurologists, particularly in its advanced stages when non-motor symptoms become a burden for the patient. While motor symptom...<strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains a challenge for neurologists, particularly in its advanced stages when non-motor symptoms become a burden for the patient. While motor symptoms may be satisfactorily controlled with levodopa therapy or continuous levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) administration, autonomic, sleep and mental disorders are hard to treat. During the last years, researchers have shifted their interest more to non-motor symptoms, PD being now considered a complex multiorgan impairment. <strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study was to describe non-motor symptoms in 40 Romanian patients diagnosed with PD, under conventional and LCIG administration treatment. <strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study was conducted, consisting of two groups of 20 patients each: the first group comprised PD patients who received conventional Levodopa treatment, while the second group was formed of patients receiving LCIG therapy. Various data concerning patient’s age, gender, duration of illness, comorbidities, motor and non-motor symptoms were recorded. The data were processed in SPSS v.20. <strong>Results: </strong>Subjects under continuous LCIG administration, although showing amelioration of motor symptoms, complained more frequently of constipation, mental, and sleeping disorders (statistically significant). Regarding anosmia, orthostatic hypotension, hypersalivation, urinary incontinence and restless legs syndrome, no statistical significant difference was observed between the two groups (p > 0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Nowadays, more research is conducted on non-motor symptoms in PD patients, as therapeutic measures try to limit these burdens, in order to improve patient’s quality of life.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. It is a complex syndrome with heterogeneous aetiologies, pathogenesis and manifestations. Patients with PD may...Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. It is a complex syndrome with heterogeneous aetiologies, pathogenesis and manifestations. Patients with PD may present with motor symptoms and various non-motor symptoms (NMSs). NMSs have been reported in almost every diagnosed case of PD and usually precede motor symptoms. Multiple factors have been proved to be associated with the occurrence of NMSs in PD, among which genetic differentiation is a featured one. With the development of sequencing techniques, an increasing number of NMS-related genetic factors have been identified. This article reviews some of the latest discoveries in this regard.展开更多
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairment. Current treatments often involve synthetic drugs with significant side effects a...Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairment. Current treatments often involve synthetic drugs with significant side effects and potential for dependency. This study investigates the effects of a natural supplement combination of Ginkgo Biloba and Acai Extract on cognitive symptoms in a 77-year-old male with PD. The participant underwent a three-month supplementation regimen, with cognitive function assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test before and after the intervention. The results indicated an improvement in cognitive scores, suggesting that the combination of Ginkgo Biloba and Acai Extract may offer a promising alternative or adjunct to conventional PD treatments. This study highlights the potential of natural supplements in managing PD symptoms and calls for further research with larger sample sizes to confirm these findings. Human data was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki by the Roxbury District IRB Board (IRB Number: IRB00011767).展开更多
Objective:We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical estrogen after transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of de novo overactive bladder symptoms that appear after surgery.Methods:Th...Objective:We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical estrogen after transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of de novo overactive bladder symptoms that appear after surgery.Methods:This is a prospective randomized controlled study performed in the Urology and Gynecology Departments,Kasr Al Ainy Hospital,Cairo University,Cairo,Egypt.Two hundred and ten postmenopausal females presenting during the period between January 2017 and November 2020 with stress urinary incontinence were included in the study.Patients were divided into two groups,105 patients in Group A(treatment group)and 105 patients in Group B(control group).Patients in Group A underwent transvaginal TVT-O followed by local vaginal estrogen treatment for 6 months,while patients in Group B underwent transvaginal TVT-O only.The study included any postmenopausal female with urodynamic stress urinary incontinence.All patients had to fulfill a 3-day bladder diary,overactive bladder symptoms score,urine analysis,urodynamic study,and post-voiding residual urine measurement by abdominal ultrasound preoperatively and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups.Results:At 6-month follow-up,daytime frequency was reduced to 8%in Group A(increased to 21%in Group B)with a statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.009).At 6-month follow-up,nocturia was 8%in Group A(11%in Group B)with no statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.469).There was a statistically significant difference between both groups as regards to urinary urgency at 6-month follow-up(p=0.024).There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative wound healing events as regards to cure,hyperemia,gapping,and wound infection 1 week after intervention between both groups(p=0.008).No local or systemic side-effects were reported from local estrogen use.Conclusion:Local vaginal estrogen treatment given to postmenopausal patients after midurethral sling procedures can reduce the symptoms of daytime frequency and urinary urgency.Long-term follow-up is needed.展开更多
Background Anorexia nervosa(AN)has been characterised as a psychiatric disorder associated with increased control.Currently,it remains difficult to predict treatment response in patients with AN.Their cognitive abilit...Background Anorexia nervosa(AN)has been characterised as a psychiatric disorder associated with increased control.Currently,it remains difficult to predict treatment response in patients with AN.Their cognitive abilities are known to be resistant to treatment.It has been established that the frontoparietal control network(FPCN)is the direct counterpart of the executive control network.Therefore,the resting-state brain activity of the FPCN may serve as a biomarker to predict treatment response in AN.Aims The study aimed to investigate the association between resting-state functional connectivity(RSFC)of the FPCN,clinical symptoms and treatment response in patients with AN.Methods In this case-control study,79 female patients with AN and no prior treatment from the Shanghai Mental Health Center and 40 matched healthy controls(HCs)were recruited from January 2015 to March 2022.All participants completed the Questionnaire Versionof the Eating Disorder Examination(version 6.0)to assess the severity of their eating disorder symptoms.Additionally,RSFC data were obtained from all participants at baseline by functional magnetic resonance imaging.Patients with AN underwent routine outpatient treatment at the 4th and 12th week,during which time their clinical symptoms were evaluated using the same measures as at baseline.Results Among the 79 patients,40 completed the 4-week follow-up and 35 completed the 12-week follow-up.The RSFC from the right posterior parietal cortex(PPC)and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(diPFC)increased in 79 patients with AN vs 40 HCs after controlling for depression and anxiety symptoms.By multiple linear regression,the RSFC of the PPC to the inferior frontal gyrus was found to be a significant factor for self-reported eating disorder symptoms at baseline and the treatment response to cognitive preoccupations about eating and body image,after controlling for age,age of onset and body mass index.The RSFC in the dIPFC to the middle temporal gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus may be significant factors in the treatment response to binge eating and loss of control/overeating in patients with AN.Conclusions Alterations in RSFC in the FPCN appear to affect self-reported eating disorder symptoms and treatment response in patients with AN.Our findings offer new insight into the pathogenesis of AN and could promote early prevention and treatment.展开更多
Background The co-occurrence of depression and anxiety among adolescents is typically associated with suicide ideation.Aims The study aimed to investigate the symptom-level relationship between suicide ideation and th...Background The co-occurrence of depression and anxiety among adolescents is typically associated with suicide ideation.Aims The study aimed to investigate the symptom-level relationship between suicide ideation and the comorbidity of depression and anxiety.Methods 1501 adolescents aged 12-19 years were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,and 716 adolescents who scored≥5 on both scales were selected as participants.Network analysis was used to identify the network structure of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.Participants were categorised into either the suicide ideation or non-suicide ideation groups based on their scoring on the suicide-related item in PHQ-9.A comparison was made between the depression-anxiety symptom networks of the two groups.Results‘Restlessness’,‘sad mood’and‘trouble relaxing’were the most prominent central symptoms in the depression-anxiety symptom network,and‘restlessness’,‘nervousness’and‘reduced movement’were the bridge symptoms in this network.‘Sad mood’was found to be directly related to‘suicide ideation’with the highest variance.The network structure was significantly different in properties between the suicide ideation group and the non-suicide ideation group,with‘restlessness’and‘sad mood’exhibiting significantly higher influence in the network of the suicide ideation group than that in the non-suicide ideation group.Conclusion Restlessness and sad mood could be targeted for the intervention of depression-anxiety symptoms among adolescents with suicide ideation.展开更多
Dear Editor,Lung adenocarcinoma with choroidal metastasis is a common form of cancer,with breast cancer accounting for 40%-53%and lung cancer accounting for 20%-29%of primary cases with choroidal metastases[1].This ty...Dear Editor,Lung adenocarcinoma with choroidal metastasis is a common form of cancer,with breast cancer accounting for 40%-53%and lung cancer accounting for 20%-29%of primary cases with choroidal metastases[1].This type of metastatic cancer typically affects people aged 40-70y,and is more prevalent in women than men[1].Ocular symptoms,including vision loss,can be an early indication of the disease,as many tumors are asymptomatic in their early stages.Studies have shown that 40.3%of cases involve the macular region,which explains why ocular symptoms are often the first manifestation of the disease[2].When choroidal metastasis is suspected in patients without a history of cancer,a combination of diagnostic tools should be used to identify the primary source of the tumor.Choroidal tumors can serve as an indication of future lung cancer diagnosis in some patients with lung cancer[1].In this report,we present a case of bilateral lung adenocarcinoma where ocular symptoms were the first indication of the disease.展开更多
Background The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder(PGD)and its symptoms among the bereaved population in China vary considerably.Aims This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of PGD and its symptoms among...Background The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder(PGD)and its symptoms among the bereaved population in China vary considerably.Aims This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of PGD and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China.Methods We conducted a literature search in major Chinese and English databases from their inception to 4 October 2023,for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of PGD or its symptoms in bereaved Chinese individuals.The risk of bias of the included studies and certainty of the evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data(‘JBI checklist’)and the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations(GRADE),respectively.The‘metaprop’package in R V.4.1.2 was used to synthesise the prevalence.Results A total of 28 studies involving 10994 bereaved individuals were included in the analysis,with JBI checklist scores between 3 and 7.The combined prevalence(95%confidence interval)of PGD and its symptoms was 8.9%(4.2%to 17.6%)and 32.4%(18.2%to 50.8%),respectively.PGD and its symptoms were most prevalent among those who had lost their only child(22.7%)and those bereaved by earthquakes(80.4%),respectively.The GRADE system assigned a very low certainty level to the evidence for the pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms.Conclusions The pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms indicate a potential high need for grief counselling services among bereaved individuals in China.This need is particularly pronounced in those who have lost their only child and those bereaved due to earthquakes.Further methodologically rigorous studies are needed to provide more accurate prevalence estimates.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023432553.展开更多
Background Depressive symptoms are established risk factors for various health outcomes.However,previous studies assessed depressive symptoms at a single time point,neglecting individual variations over time.Aims To i...Background Depressive symptoms are established risk factors for various health outcomes.However,previous studies assessed depressive symptoms at a single time point,neglecting individual variations over time.Aims To identify depressive symptoms trajectories through repeated measures and examine their associations with cardiovascular disease(CVD),cancer and mortality.Methods This study included 20634 UK Biobank participants free of CVD and cancer at baseline with two or more assessments of depressive symptoms during 2006-2016.Group-based trajectory modelling identified depressive symptoms trajectories.Incident CVD,cancer and mortality were followed up until 2021 through linked registries.Results Six depressive symptoms trajectories were identified:no symptoms(n=6407),mild-stable(n=11539),moderate-stable(n=2183),severe-decreasing(n=206),moderate-increasing(n=177)and severe-stable(n=122).During a median follow-up of 5.5 years,1471 CVD cases,1275 cancer cases and 503 deaths were documented.Compared with the no symptoms trajectory,the mildstable,moderate-stable and severe-stable trajectories exhibited higher CVD risk,with hazard ratios(HRs)(95%CIs)of 1.19(1.06 to 1.34),1.32(1.08 to 1.34)and 2.99(1.85 to 4.84),respectively.Moderate-increasing and severe-stable trajectories were associated with higher mortality risks,with HRs(95%CIs)of 2.27(1.04 to 4.93)and 3.26(1.55 to 6.88),respectively.However,the severedecreasing trajectory was not associated with higher risks of adverse outcomes.We did not find significant associations between any trajectory and cancer.Conclusions Trajectories related to stable and increasing depressive symptoms,but not the trajectory associated with severe depressive symptoms at the initial assessment but decreasing at the follow-up,were associated with higher risks of CVD and mortality.Alleviating severe depressive symptoms at the initial onset may mitigate CVD and mortality risks.展开更多
The association between Vitamin D and IBS has attracted growing interest because of vitamin D’s involvement in immune system function and reduction of inflammation. IBS, a prevalent gastrointestinal condition marked ...The association between Vitamin D and IBS has attracted growing interest because of vitamin D’s involvement in immune system function and reduction of inflammation. IBS, a prevalent gastrointestinal condition marked by symptoms such as stomach pain, bloating, and changed bowel habits, implies that sufficient levels of Vitamin D may impact the symptomatology and quality of life associated with IBS. This review aimed to unveil current insights on vitamin D intake, status and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. A search was conducted on Embase, Scopus, Medline, and Cochrane Library, as well as a reference list of relevant studies. This paper also examined the current therapeutic practices for using vitamin D in the management of IBS. Although several studies demonstrate a positive association between vitamin D administration and the alleviation of IBS symptoms, the data is not yet definitive. Moreover, the review emphasised the necessity for additional rigorous clinical studies to determine a definitive therapeutic function of vitamin D in IBS based on the literature. The role of vitamin D in the modulation of gut health, particularly in IBS, has garnered significant attention due to its potential impact on both inflammation and the integrity of the gut barrier. Vitamin D, acting as a hormone precursor, is recognised for its crucial involvement in maintaining calcium balance and promoting bone health.展开更多
BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome(IC/BPS)is an at least 6-mo noninfectious bladder inflammation of unknown origin characterized by chronic suprapubic,abdominal,and/or pelvic pain.Although the term...BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome(IC/BPS)is an at least 6-mo noninfectious bladder inflammation of unknown origin characterized by chronic suprapubic,abdominal,and/or pelvic pain.Although the term cystitis suggests an inflammatory or infectious origin,no definite cause has been identified.It occurs in both sexes,but women are twice as much affected.AIM To systematically review evidence of psychiatric/psychological changes in persons with IC/BPS.METHODS Hypothesizing that particular psychological characteristics could underpin IC/BPS,we investigated in three databases the presence of psychiatric symptoms and/or disorders and/or psychological characteristics in patients with IC/BPS using the following strategy:("interstitial cystitis"OR"bladder pain syndrome")AND("mood disorder"OR depressive OR antidepressant OR depression OR depressed OR hyperthymic OR mania OR manic OR rapid cyclasterisk OR dysthymiasterisk OR dysphoriasterisk).RESULTS On September 27,2023,the PubMed search produced 223 articles,CINAHL 62,and the combined PsycLIT/PsycARTICLES/PsycINFO/Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection search 36.Search on ClinicalTrials.gov produced 14 studies,of which none had available data.Eligible were peer-reviewed articles reporting psychiatric/psychological symptoms in patients with IC/BPS,i.e.63 articles spanning from 2000 to October 2023.These studies identified depression and anxiety problems in the IC/BPS population,along with sleep problems and the tendency to catastrophizing.CONCLUSION Psychotherapies targeting catastrophizing and life stress emotional awareness and expression reduced perceived pain in women with IC/BPS.Such concepts should be considered when implementing treatments aimed at reducing IC/BPS-related pain.展开更多
Objective:Network analysis was used to explore the complex inter-relationships between social participation activities and depressive symptoms among the Chinese older population,and the differences in network structur...Objective:Network analysis was used to explore the complex inter-relationships between social participation activities and depressive symptoms among the Chinese older population,and the differences in network structures among different genders,age groups,and urban-rural residency would be compared.Methods:Based on the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS),12,043 people aged 65 to 105 were included.The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression(CESD)Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms and 10 types of social participation activities were collected,including housework,tai-chi,square dancing,visiting and interacting with friends,garden work,reading newspapers or books,raising domestic animals,playing cards or mahjong,watching TV or listening to radio,and organized social activities.R 4.2.1 software was used to estimate the network model and calculate strength and bridge strength.Results:21.60%(2,601/12,043)of the participants had depressive symptoms.The total social participation score was negatively associated with depressive symptoms after adjusting for sociodemographic factors.The network of social participation and depressive symptoms showed that“D9(Inability to get going)”and“S9(Watching TV and/or listening to the radio)”had the highest strength within depressive symptoms and social participation communities,respectively,and“S1(Housework)”,“S9(Watching TV and/or listening to the radio)”,and“D5(Hopelessness)”were the most prominent bridging nodes between the two communities.Most edges linking the two communities were negative.“S5(Graden work)-D5(Hopelessness)”and“S6(Reading newspapers/books)-D4(Everything was an effort)”were the top 2 strongest negative edges.Older females had significantly denser network structures than older males.Compared to older people aged 65e80,the age group 81e105 showed higher network global strength.Conclusions:This study provides novel insights into the complex relationships between social participation and depressive symptoms.Except for doing housework,other social participation activities were found to be protective for depression levels.Different nursing strategies should be taken to prevent and alleviate depressive symptoms for different genders and older people of different ages.展开更多
Introduction: The uncontrolled management of waste electrical and electronic equipment (W3E) causes respiratory problems in the handlers of this waste. The objective was to study the stains associated with respiratory...Introduction: The uncontrolled management of waste electrical and electronic equipment (W3E) causes respiratory problems in the handlers of this waste. The objective was to study the stains associated with respiratory symptoms in W3E handlers. Methods: The study was cross-sectional with an analytical focus on W3E handlers in the informal sector in Ouagadougou. A peer-validated questionnaire collected data on a sample of 161 manipulators. Results: the most common W3E processing tasks were the purchase or sale of W3E (67.70%), its repair (39.75%) and its collection (31.06%). The prevalence of cough was 21.74%, that of wheezing 14.91%, phlegm 12.50% and dyspnea at rest 10.56%. In bivariate analysis, there were significant associations at the 5% level between W3E repair and phlegm (p-value = 0.044), between W3E burning and wheezing (p-value = 0.011) and between W3E and cough (p-value = 0.01). The final logistic regression models suggested that the burning of W3E and the melting of lead batteries represented risk factors for the occurrence of cough with respective prevalence ratios of 4.57 and 4.63. Conclusion: raising awareness on the wearing of personal protective equipment, in particular masks adapted by W3E handlers, favoring those who are dedicated to the burning of electronic waste and the melting of lead could make it possible to reduce the risk of occurrence of respiratory symptoms.展开更多
Objective: In the manuscript titled “Liquid subcutaneous Levodopa-Carbidopa ND0612 effects on motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis”, the objective was to con...Objective: In the manuscript titled “Liquid subcutaneous Levodopa-Carbidopa ND0612 effects on motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis”, the objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the effects ND0612 24-hour dosing regimen has on motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Introduction: ND0612 is a novel minimally invasive continuous subcutaneous delivery system of liquid Levodopa-Carbidopa being investigated for the treatment of PD in individuals experiencing motor symptoms. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCO databases to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of ND0612 on motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Outcomes included the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part II and Part III scores. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model with the DerSimonian and Laird method to estimate the effects of the ND0612 24-hour dosing regimen on UPDRS Part II and Part III scores. Results: Three studies were included in our review. There were statistically significant reductions in UPDRS Part II scores (mean difference (MD) −3.299;95% confidence interval (CI) −3.438, −3.159) and in UPDRS Part III scores (MD −12.695;95% CI −24.428, −0.962) in the ND0612 24-hour dosing regimen. Results were based on very low certainty of evidence. Conclusion: Based on very low certainty evidence, the ND0612 24-hour dosing regimen is effective at improving motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Our findings suggest that ND0612 is more effective at improving UPDRS Part II and Part III scores in individuals with PD than other pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, warranting further study.展开更多
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6)contributes to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.However,there was no study concerning the relationship between IL...BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6)contributes to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.However,there was no study concerning the relationship between IL-6 concentrations and clinical features in the chronic phase of early-onset schizophrenia(EOS).AIM To investigate the relationship between serum IL-6 concentration and the clinical features of EOS.METHODS We measured serum IL-6 Levels from 74 patients with chronic schizophrenia,including 33 with age at onset<21 years(EOS group)and 41 with onset≥21 years in[adult-onset schizophrenia(AOS)group],and from 41 healthy controls.Symptom severities were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).RESULTS Serum IL-6 concentrations were higher in both EOS and AOS groups than healthy controls(F=22.32,P<0.01),but did not differ significantly between EOS and AOS groups(P>0.05)after controlling for age,body mass index,and other covariates.Negative symptom scores were higher in the EOS group than the AOS group(F=6.199,P=0.015).Serum IL-6 concentrations in the EOS group were negatively correlated with both total PANSS-negative symptom score(r=-0.389,P=0.032)and avolition/asociality subscore(r=-0.387,P=0.026).CONCLUSION Patients with EOS may have more severe negative symptoms than those with adult-onset schizophrenia during the chronic phase of the illness.IL-6 signaling may regulate negative symptoms and its avolition/asociality subsymptoms among the early-onset chronic schizophrenic patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND This study examines the complex relationships among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammatory responses,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).The findings pr...BACKGROUND This study examines the complex relationships among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammatory responses,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).The findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of IBS and suggest potential therapeutic targets for improving patient outcomes.AIM To investigate the interactions between the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammation,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS.METHODS Patients diagnosed with IBS between January 2022 and January 2023 were selected for the study.Healthy individuals undergoing routine check-ups during the same period served as the control group.Data were collected on neuroendocrine hormone levels,gut microbiome profiles,inflammatory biomarkers,and gastrointestinal symptomatology to analyze their interrelations and their potential roles in IBS pathogenesis.RESULTS IBS patients exhibited significant dysregulation of the neuroendocrine axis,with altered levels of cortisol,serotonin,and neuropeptides compared to healthy controls.The gut microbiome of IBS patients showed reduced diversity and specific alterations in bacterial genera,including Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Faecalibacterium,which were associated with neuroendocrine disturbances.Additionally,elevated levels of inflammatory markers,such as C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α,were observed and correlated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain,bloating,and altered bowel habits.CONCLUSION The findings suggest that targeting the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,and inflammatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life in IBS patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to st...BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to statistics,self-harm and suicide,for which there is no effective intervention,are the second leading causes of death.AIM To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students’depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators.METHODS Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,and the Working Memory Task.RESULTS There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory(SWM)tasks correctly(all P<0.01).Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task(r=0.166)and the correct rate of the SWM task(r=0.210)(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities(all P<0.05)and different exercise durations(all P<0.05),and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION An increase in physical exercise among college students,particularly medium-and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more,can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks.展开更多
Under the effects of COVID-19 and a number of ongoing lockdown tactics,anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality have become common mental health issues among college freshmen and are intimately related to their emotion...Under the effects of COVID-19 and a number of ongoing lockdown tactics,anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality have become common mental health issues among college freshmen and are intimately related to their emotional adaptation.To explore this connection,this study gathered data from a sample of 256 freshmen enrolled in an elite university in China in September 2022.The association between sleep quality,anxiety symptoms,and emotional adaptation was clarified using correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating function of anxiety symptoms between sleep quality and emotional adaptation was investigated using a structural equation model.The results reveal that:(1)Chinese elite university freshmen who were subjected to prolonged lockdown had poor sleep quality and mild anxiety symptoms;(2)a significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and anxiety symptoms was identified;(3)anxiety symptoms were found to have a significant negative impact on emotional adaptation;(4)poor sleep quality had a negative impact on emotional adaptation through anxiety symptoms.This research makes a valuable contribution by offering insights into the intricate relationship between sleep quality and emotional adaptation among freshmen in elite Chinese universities during prolonged lockdown conditions,and it is beneficial for schools and educators to further improve school schedules and psychological health initiatives.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve(CR)and the catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)Val/Met polymorphism are reportedly linked to negative symptoms in schizophrenia.However,the regulatory effect of the COMT genotype on the rela...BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve(CR)and the catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)Val/Met polymorphism are reportedly linked to negative symptoms in schizophrenia.However,the regulatory effect of the COMT genotype on the relationship between CR and negative symptoms is still unexamined.AIM To investigate whether the relationship between CR and negative symptoms could be regulated by the COMT Val/Met polymorphism.METHODS In a cross-sectional study,54 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia underwent assessments for the COMT genotype,CR,and negative symptoms.CR was estimated using scores in the information and similarities subtests of a short form of the Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.RESULTS COMT Met-carriers exhibited fewer negative symptoms than Val homozygotes.In the total sample,significant negative correlations were found between negative symptoms and information,similarities.Associations between information,similarities and negative symptoms were observed in Val homozygotes only,with information and similarities showing interaction effects with the COMT genotype in relation to negative symptoms(information,β=-0.282,95%CI:-0.552 to-0.011,P=0.042;similarities,β=-0.250,95%CI:-0.495 to-0.004,P=0.046).CONCLUSION This study provides initial evidence that the association between negative symptoms and CR is under the regulation of the COMT genotype in schizophrenia.展开更多
文摘Objective: In the manuscript titled Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor Rasagiline Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms in Individuals with Parkinsons Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, the objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the effects that Rasagiline has on motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Introduction: Rasagiline is a second-generation monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor used both as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy for Parkinsons Disease (PD). Methods: A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed with randomized control trials that investigated the effects of Rasagiline on motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with PD. The systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCO databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Results: Fourteen studies were included in our review. There were trivial to small and statistically significant improvements in motor symptoms for individuals with PD treated with Rasagiline compared to placebo. Non-motor symptoms showed no significant improvement with Rasagiline compared to placebo in five of six meta-analyses. Results were based on very low to moderate certainty of evidence. Conclusion: 1 mg/day Rasagiline significantly improved Parkinsonian motor symptoms in individuals with PD compared with placebo. For all outcomes, the 1 mg/day Rasagiline group was favored over the placebo group.
文摘<strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains a challenge for neurologists, particularly in its advanced stages when non-motor symptoms become a burden for the patient. While motor symptoms may be satisfactorily controlled with levodopa therapy or continuous levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) administration, autonomic, sleep and mental disorders are hard to treat. During the last years, researchers have shifted their interest more to non-motor symptoms, PD being now considered a complex multiorgan impairment. <strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study was to describe non-motor symptoms in 40 Romanian patients diagnosed with PD, under conventional and LCIG administration treatment. <strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study was conducted, consisting of two groups of 20 patients each: the first group comprised PD patients who received conventional Levodopa treatment, while the second group was formed of patients receiving LCIG therapy. Various data concerning patient’s age, gender, duration of illness, comorbidities, motor and non-motor symptoms were recorded. The data were processed in SPSS v.20. <strong>Results: </strong>Subjects under continuous LCIG administration, although showing amelioration of motor symptoms, complained more frequently of constipation, mental, and sleeping disorders (statistically significant). Regarding anosmia, orthostatic hypotension, hypersalivation, urinary incontinence and restless legs syndrome, no statistical significant difference was observed between the two groups (p > 0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Nowadays, more research is conducted on non-motor symptoms in PD patients, as therapeutic measures try to limit these burdens, in order to improve patient’s quality of life.
文摘Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. It is a complex syndrome with heterogeneous aetiologies, pathogenesis and manifestations. Patients with PD may present with motor symptoms and various non-motor symptoms (NMSs). NMSs have been reported in almost every diagnosed case of PD and usually precede motor symptoms. Multiple factors have been proved to be associated with the occurrence of NMSs in PD, among which genetic differentiation is a featured one. With the development of sequencing techniques, an increasing number of NMS-related genetic factors have been identified. This article reviews some of the latest discoveries in this regard.
文摘Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive impairment. Current treatments often involve synthetic drugs with significant side effects and potential for dependency. This study investigates the effects of a natural supplement combination of Ginkgo Biloba and Acai Extract on cognitive symptoms in a 77-year-old male with PD. The participant underwent a three-month supplementation regimen, with cognitive function assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test before and after the intervention. The results indicated an improvement in cognitive scores, suggesting that the combination of Ginkgo Biloba and Acai Extract may offer a promising alternative or adjunct to conventional PD treatments. This study highlights the potential of natural supplements in managing PD symptoms and calls for further research with larger sample sizes to confirm these findings. Human data was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki by the Roxbury District IRB Board (IRB Number: IRB00011767).
文摘Objective:We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical estrogen after transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of de novo overactive bladder symptoms that appear after surgery.Methods:This is a prospective randomized controlled study performed in the Urology and Gynecology Departments,Kasr Al Ainy Hospital,Cairo University,Cairo,Egypt.Two hundred and ten postmenopausal females presenting during the period between January 2017 and November 2020 with stress urinary incontinence were included in the study.Patients were divided into two groups,105 patients in Group A(treatment group)and 105 patients in Group B(control group).Patients in Group A underwent transvaginal TVT-O followed by local vaginal estrogen treatment for 6 months,while patients in Group B underwent transvaginal TVT-O only.The study included any postmenopausal female with urodynamic stress urinary incontinence.All patients had to fulfill a 3-day bladder diary,overactive bladder symptoms score,urine analysis,urodynamic study,and post-voiding residual urine measurement by abdominal ultrasound preoperatively and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups.Results:At 6-month follow-up,daytime frequency was reduced to 8%in Group A(increased to 21%in Group B)with a statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.009).At 6-month follow-up,nocturia was 8%in Group A(11%in Group B)with no statistically significant difference between both groups(p=0.469).There was a statistically significant difference between both groups as regards to urinary urgency at 6-month follow-up(p=0.024).There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative wound healing events as regards to cure,hyperemia,gapping,and wound infection 1 week after intervention between both groups(p=0.008).No local or systemic side-effects were reported from local estrogen use.Conclusion:Local vaginal estrogen treatment given to postmenopausal patients after midurethral sling procedures can reduce the symptoms of daytime frequency and urinary urgency.Long-term follow-up is needed.
基金supported by grants from Shanghai Jiao Tong University(YG2022ZD026)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81771461,82071545),Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(20Y11906500)+2 种基金Shanghai Clinical Medical Research Center for Psychiatric and Psychological Disorders(19MC1911100)hospital-level research projects of Shanghai Mental Health Center(2020-YJ09,2020-QH-04)Youth Project of Shanghai Health Commission(20224Y0267).
文摘Background Anorexia nervosa(AN)has been characterised as a psychiatric disorder associated with increased control.Currently,it remains difficult to predict treatment response in patients with AN.Their cognitive abilities are known to be resistant to treatment.It has been established that the frontoparietal control network(FPCN)is the direct counterpart of the executive control network.Therefore,the resting-state brain activity of the FPCN may serve as a biomarker to predict treatment response in AN.Aims The study aimed to investigate the association between resting-state functional connectivity(RSFC)of the FPCN,clinical symptoms and treatment response in patients with AN.Methods In this case-control study,79 female patients with AN and no prior treatment from the Shanghai Mental Health Center and 40 matched healthy controls(HCs)were recruited from January 2015 to March 2022.All participants completed the Questionnaire Versionof the Eating Disorder Examination(version 6.0)to assess the severity of their eating disorder symptoms.Additionally,RSFC data were obtained from all participants at baseline by functional magnetic resonance imaging.Patients with AN underwent routine outpatient treatment at the 4th and 12th week,during which time their clinical symptoms were evaluated using the same measures as at baseline.Results Among the 79 patients,40 completed the 4-week follow-up and 35 completed the 12-week follow-up.The RSFC from the right posterior parietal cortex(PPC)and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(diPFC)increased in 79 patients with AN vs 40 HCs after controlling for depression and anxiety symptoms.By multiple linear regression,the RSFC of the PPC to the inferior frontal gyrus was found to be a significant factor for self-reported eating disorder symptoms at baseline and the treatment response to cognitive preoccupations about eating and body image,after controlling for age,age of onset and body mass index.The RSFC in the dIPFC to the middle temporal gyrus and the superior frontal gyrus may be significant factors in the treatment response to binge eating and loss of control/overeating in patients with AN.Conclusions Alterations in RSFC in the FPCN appear to affect self-reported eating disorder symptoms and treatment response in patients with AN.Our findings offer new insight into the pathogenesis of AN and could promote early prevention and treatment.
基金This study was supported by the STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0202000 to YZ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82101612 to YJ)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2023RC3083 to BL&2021RC2040 to YJ)the Central South University Postdoctoral Programme(YJ)and the Postgraduate Innovative Project of Central South University(SX).
文摘Background The co-occurrence of depression and anxiety among adolescents is typically associated with suicide ideation.Aims The study aimed to investigate the symptom-level relationship between suicide ideation and the comorbidity of depression and anxiety.Methods 1501 adolescents aged 12-19 years were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,and 716 adolescents who scored≥5 on both scales were selected as participants.Network analysis was used to identify the network structure of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms.Participants were categorised into either the suicide ideation or non-suicide ideation groups based on their scoring on the suicide-related item in PHQ-9.A comparison was made between the depression-anxiety symptom networks of the two groups.Results‘Restlessness’,‘sad mood’and‘trouble relaxing’were the most prominent central symptoms in the depression-anxiety symptom network,and‘restlessness’,‘nervousness’and‘reduced movement’were the bridge symptoms in this network.‘Sad mood’was found to be directly related to‘suicide ideation’with the highest variance.The network structure was significantly different in properties between the suicide ideation group and the non-suicide ideation group,with‘restlessness’and‘sad mood’exhibiting significantly higher influence in the network of the suicide ideation group than that in the non-suicide ideation group.Conclusion Restlessness and sad mood could be targeted for the intervention of depression-anxiety symptoms among adolescents with suicide ideation.
文摘Dear Editor,Lung adenocarcinoma with choroidal metastasis is a common form of cancer,with breast cancer accounting for 40%-53%and lung cancer accounting for 20%-29%of primary cases with choroidal metastases[1].This type of metastatic cancer typically affects people aged 40-70y,and is more prevalent in women than men[1].Ocular symptoms,including vision loss,can be an early indication of the disease,as many tumors are asymptomatic in their early stages.Studies have shown that 40.3%of cases involve the macular region,which explains why ocular symptoms are often the first manifestation of the disease[2].When choroidal metastasis is suspected in patients without a history of cancer,a combination of diagnostic tools should be used to identify the primary source of the tumor.Choroidal tumors can serve as an indication of future lung cancer diagnosis in some patients with lung cancer[1].In this report,we present a case of bilateral lung adenocarcinoma where ocular symptoms were the first indication of the disease.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:71774060)2015 Irma and Paul Milstein Program for Senior Health Awards from the Milstein Medical Asian American Partnership Foundation,the Young Top Talent Program in Public Health from Health Commission of Hubei Province(grant number:EWEITONG[2021]74,PI:B-LZ)Wuhan Health and Family Planning Commission(grant numbers:WX17Q30,WG16A02,WG14C24).The funding sources listed had no role in the study design,the collection,analysis and interpretation of data,the writing of the report,and the decision to submit the paper for publication.
文摘Background The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder(PGD)and its symptoms among the bereaved population in China vary considerably.Aims This meta-analysis aims to estimate the prevalence of PGD and its symptoms among bereaved individuals in China.Methods We conducted a literature search in major Chinese and English databases from their inception to 4 October 2023,for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of PGD or its symptoms in bereaved Chinese individuals.The risk of bias of the included studies and certainty of the evidence were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data(‘JBI checklist’)and the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations(GRADE),respectively.The‘metaprop’package in R V.4.1.2 was used to synthesise the prevalence.Results A total of 28 studies involving 10994 bereaved individuals were included in the analysis,with JBI checklist scores between 3 and 7.The combined prevalence(95%confidence interval)of PGD and its symptoms was 8.9%(4.2%to 17.6%)and 32.4%(18.2%to 50.8%),respectively.PGD and its symptoms were most prevalent among those who had lost their only child(22.7%)and those bereaved by earthquakes(80.4%),respectively.The GRADE system assigned a very low certainty level to the evidence for the pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms.Conclusions The pooled prevalence of PGD and its symptoms indicate a potential high need for grief counselling services among bereaved individuals in China.This need is particularly pronounced in those who have lost their only child and those bereaved due to earthquakes.Further methodologically rigorous studies are needed to provide more accurate prevalence estimates.PROSPERO registration number CRD42023432553.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number LY23G030005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 72204071)the Scientific Research Foundation for Scholars of HZNU(grant number 4265C50221204119).
文摘Background Depressive symptoms are established risk factors for various health outcomes.However,previous studies assessed depressive symptoms at a single time point,neglecting individual variations over time.Aims To identify depressive symptoms trajectories through repeated measures and examine their associations with cardiovascular disease(CVD),cancer and mortality.Methods This study included 20634 UK Biobank participants free of CVD and cancer at baseline with two or more assessments of depressive symptoms during 2006-2016.Group-based trajectory modelling identified depressive symptoms trajectories.Incident CVD,cancer and mortality were followed up until 2021 through linked registries.Results Six depressive symptoms trajectories were identified:no symptoms(n=6407),mild-stable(n=11539),moderate-stable(n=2183),severe-decreasing(n=206),moderate-increasing(n=177)and severe-stable(n=122).During a median follow-up of 5.5 years,1471 CVD cases,1275 cancer cases and 503 deaths were documented.Compared with the no symptoms trajectory,the mildstable,moderate-stable and severe-stable trajectories exhibited higher CVD risk,with hazard ratios(HRs)(95%CIs)of 1.19(1.06 to 1.34),1.32(1.08 to 1.34)and 2.99(1.85 to 4.84),respectively.Moderate-increasing and severe-stable trajectories were associated with higher mortality risks,with HRs(95%CIs)of 2.27(1.04 to 4.93)and 3.26(1.55 to 6.88),respectively.However,the severedecreasing trajectory was not associated with higher risks of adverse outcomes.We did not find significant associations between any trajectory and cancer.Conclusions Trajectories related to stable and increasing depressive symptoms,but not the trajectory associated with severe depressive symptoms at the initial assessment but decreasing at the follow-up,were associated with higher risks of CVD and mortality.Alleviating severe depressive symptoms at the initial onset may mitigate CVD and mortality risks.
文摘The association between Vitamin D and IBS has attracted growing interest because of vitamin D’s involvement in immune system function and reduction of inflammation. IBS, a prevalent gastrointestinal condition marked by symptoms such as stomach pain, bloating, and changed bowel habits, implies that sufficient levels of Vitamin D may impact the symptomatology and quality of life associated with IBS. This review aimed to unveil current insights on vitamin D intake, status and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. A search was conducted on Embase, Scopus, Medline, and Cochrane Library, as well as a reference list of relevant studies. This paper also examined the current therapeutic practices for using vitamin D in the management of IBS. Although several studies demonstrate a positive association between vitamin D administration and the alleviation of IBS symptoms, the data is not yet definitive. Moreover, the review emphasised the necessity for additional rigorous clinical studies to determine a definitive therapeutic function of vitamin D in IBS based on the literature. The role of vitamin D in the modulation of gut health, particularly in IBS, has garnered significant attention due to its potential impact on both inflammation and the integrity of the gut barrier. Vitamin D, acting as a hormone precursor, is recognised for its crucial involvement in maintaining calcium balance and promoting bone health.
文摘BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome(IC/BPS)is an at least 6-mo noninfectious bladder inflammation of unknown origin characterized by chronic suprapubic,abdominal,and/or pelvic pain.Although the term cystitis suggests an inflammatory or infectious origin,no definite cause has been identified.It occurs in both sexes,but women are twice as much affected.AIM To systematically review evidence of psychiatric/psychological changes in persons with IC/BPS.METHODS Hypothesizing that particular psychological characteristics could underpin IC/BPS,we investigated in three databases the presence of psychiatric symptoms and/or disorders and/or psychological characteristics in patients with IC/BPS using the following strategy:("interstitial cystitis"OR"bladder pain syndrome")AND("mood disorder"OR depressive OR antidepressant OR depression OR depressed OR hyperthymic OR mania OR manic OR rapid cyclasterisk OR dysthymiasterisk OR dysphoriasterisk).RESULTS On September 27,2023,the PubMed search produced 223 articles,CINAHL 62,and the combined PsycLIT/PsycARTICLES/PsycINFO/Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection search 36.Search on ClinicalTrials.gov produced 14 studies,of which none had available data.Eligible were peer-reviewed articles reporting psychiatric/psychological symptoms in patients with IC/BPS,i.e.63 articles spanning from 2000 to October 2023.These studies identified depression and anxiety problems in the IC/BPS population,along with sleep problems and the tendency to catastrophizing.CONCLUSION Psychotherapies targeting catastrophizing and life stress emotional awareness and expression reduced perceived pain in women with IC/BPS.Such concepts should be considered when implementing treatments aimed at reducing IC/BPS-related pain.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan Project(grant number:2022YFC3600904)The funding organization had no role in the survey’s design,implementation,and analysis.
文摘Objective:Network analysis was used to explore the complex inter-relationships between social participation activities and depressive symptoms among the Chinese older population,and the differences in network structures among different genders,age groups,and urban-rural residency would be compared.Methods:Based on the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS),12,043 people aged 65 to 105 were included.The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression(CESD)Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms and 10 types of social participation activities were collected,including housework,tai-chi,square dancing,visiting and interacting with friends,garden work,reading newspapers or books,raising domestic animals,playing cards or mahjong,watching TV or listening to radio,and organized social activities.R 4.2.1 software was used to estimate the network model and calculate strength and bridge strength.Results:21.60%(2,601/12,043)of the participants had depressive symptoms.The total social participation score was negatively associated with depressive symptoms after adjusting for sociodemographic factors.The network of social participation and depressive symptoms showed that“D9(Inability to get going)”and“S9(Watching TV and/or listening to the radio)”had the highest strength within depressive symptoms and social participation communities,respectively,and“S1(Housework)”,“S9(Watching TV and/or listening to the radio)”,and“D5(Hopelessness)”were the most prominent bridging nodes between the two communities.Most edges linking the two communities were negative.“S5(Graden work)-D5(Hopelessness)”and“S6(Reading newspapers/books)-D4(Everything was an effort)”were the top 2 strongest negative edges.Older females had significantly denser network structures than older males.Compared to older people aged 65e80,the age group 81e105 showed higher network global strength.Conclusions:This study provides novel insights into the complex relationships between social participation and depressive symptoms.Except for doing housework,other social participation activities were found to be protective for depression levels.Different nursing strategies should be taken to prevent and alleviate depressive symptoms for different genders and older people of different ages.
文摘Introduction: The uncontrolled management of waste electrical and electronic equipment (W3E) causes respiratory problems in the handlers of this waste. The objective was to study the stains associated with respiratory symptoms in W3E handlers. Methods: The study was cross-sectional with an analytical focus on W3E handlers in the informal sector in Ouagadougou. A peer-validated questionnaire collected data on a sample of 161 manipulators. Results: the most common W3E processing tasks were the purchase or sale of W3E (67.70%), its repair (39.75%) and its collection (31.06%). The prevalence of cough was 21.74%, that of wheezing 14.91%, phlegm 12.50% and dyspnea at rest 10.56%. In bivariate analysis, there were significant associations at the 5% level between W3E repair and phlegm (p-value = 0.044), between W3E burning and wheezing (p-value = 0.011) and between W3E and cough (p-value = 0.01). The final logistic regression models suggested that the burning of W3E and the melting of lead batteries represented risk factors for the occurrence of cough with respective prevalence ratios of 4.57 and 4.63. Conclusion: raising awareness on the wearing of personal protective equipment, in particular masks adapted by W3E handlers, favoring those who are dedicated to the burning of electronic waste and the melting of lead could make it possible to reduce the risk of occurrence of respiratory symptoms.
文摘Objective: In the manuscript titled “Liquid subcutaneous Levodopa-Carbidopa ND0612 effects on motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis”, the objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to investigate the effects ND0612 24-hour dosing regimen has on motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Introduction: ND0612 is a novel minimally invasive continuous subcutaneous delivery system of liquid Levodopa-Carbidopa being investigated for the treatment of PD in individuals experiencing motor symptoms. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCO databases to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of ND0612 on motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Outcomes included the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part II and Part III scores. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model with the DerSimonian and Laird method to estimate the effects of the ND0612 24-hour dosing regimen on UPDRS Part II and Part III scores. Results: Three studies were included in our review. There were statistically significant reductions in UPDRS Part II scores (mean difference (MD) −3.299;95% confidence interval (CI) −3.438, −3.159) and in UPDRS Part III scores (MD −12.695;95% CI −24.428, −0.962) in the ND0612 24-hour dosing regimen. Results were based on very low certainty of evidence. Conclusion: Based on very low certainty evidence, the ND0612 24-hour dosing regimen is effective at improving motor symptoms in individuals with PD. Our findings suggest that ND0612 is more effective at improving UPDRS Part II and Part III scores in individuals with PD than other pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, warranting further study.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82371508 and No.81771439Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program,No.BE2020661+6 种基金Suzhou Municipal Health Commission Science Research Program,No.GSWS2020095National Mentorship Training Programme for Young Health Professionals,No.Qngg2022027Suzhou Clinical Key disciplines for Geriatric Psychiatry,No.SZXK202116Suzhou Clinical Medical Center for Mood Disorders,No.Szlcyxzx202109Suzhou Key Technologies Program,No.SKY2021063Suzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Program,No.SKJY2021142,No.SKJY2021143,No.SKY2023227,No.SKY2022064 and No.SKYD2023159Suzhou Key Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Program,No.LCZX202218.
文摘BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6)contributes to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.However,there was no study concerning the relationship between IL-6 concentrations and clinical features in the chronic phase of early-onset schizophrenia(EOS).AIM To investigate the relationship between serum IL-6 concentration and the clinical features of EOS.METHODS We measured serum IL-6 Levels from 74 patients with chronic schizophrenia,including 33 with age at onset<21 years(EOS group)and 41 with onset≥21 years in[adult-onset schizophrenia(AOS)group],and from 41 healthy controls.Symptom severities were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).RESULTS Serum IL-6 concentrations were higher in both EOS and AOS groups than healthy controls(F=22.32,P<0.01),but did not differ significantly between EOS and AOS groups(P>0.05)after controlling for age,body mass index,and other covariates.Negative symptom scores were higher in the EOS group than the AOS group(F=6.199,P=0.015).Serum IL-6 concentrations in the EOS group were negatively correlated with both total PANSS-negative symptom score(r=-0.389,P=0.032)and avolition/asociality subscore(r=-0.387,P=0.026).CONCLUSION Patients with EOS may have more severe negative symptoms than those with adult-onset schizophrenia during the chronic phase of the illness.IL-6 signaling may regulate negative symptoms and its avolition/asociality subsymptoms among the early-onset chronic schizophrenic patients.
文摘BACKGROUND This study examines the complex relationships among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammatory responses,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).The findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of IBS and suggest potential therapeutic targets for improving patient outcomes.AIM To investigate the interactions between the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammation,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS.METHODS Patients diagnosed with IBS between January 2022 and January 2023 were selected for the study.Healthy individuals undergoing routine check-ups during the same period served as the control group.Data were collected on neuroendocrine hormone levels,gut microbiome profiles,inflammatory biomarkers,and gastrointestinal symptomatology to analyze their interrelations and their potential roles in IBS pathogenesis.RESULTS IBS patients exhibited significant dysregulation of the neuroendocrine axis,with altered levels of cortisol,serotonin,and neuropeptides compared to healthy controls.The gut microbiome of IBS patients showed reduced diversity and specific alterations in bacterial genera,including Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Faecalibacterium,which were associated with neuroendocrine disturbances.Additionally,elevated levels of inflammatory markers,such as C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α,were observed and correlated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain,bloating,and altered bowel habits.CONCLUSION The findings suggest that targeting the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,and inflammatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life in IBS patients.
文摘BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to statistics,self-harm and suicide,for which there is no effective intervention,are the second leading causes of death.AIM To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students’depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators.METHODS Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,and the Working Memory Task.RESULTS There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory(SWM)tasks correctly(all P<0.01).Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task(r=0.166)and the correct rate of the SWM task(r=0.210)(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities(all P<0.05)and different exercise durations(all P<0.05),and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION An increase in physical exercise among college students,particularly medium-and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more,can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks.
基金the Tianjin Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project“Research on Value-Added Evaluation of Career Adaptability for Engineering Students Oriented towards Outstanding Engineers”,Grant Number TJJXQN22-001.
文摘Under the effects of COVID-19 and a number of ongoing lockdown tactics,anxiety symptoms and poor sleep quality have become common mental health issues among college freshmen and are intimately related to their emotional adaptation.To explore this connection,this study gathered data from a sample of 256 freshmen enrolled in an elite university in China in September 2022.The association between sleep quality,anxiety symptoms,and emotional adaptation was clarified using correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating function of anxiety symptoms between sleep quality and emotional adaptation was investigated using a structural equation model.The results reveal that:(1)Chinese elite university freshmen who were subjected to prolonged lockdown had poor sleep quality and mild anxiety symptoms;(2)a significant positive correlation between poor sleep quality and anxiety symptoms was identified;(3)anxiety symptoms were found to have a significant negative impact on emotional adaptation;(4)poor sleep quality had a negative impact on emotional adaptation through anxiety symptoms.This research makes a valuable contribution by offering insights into the intricate relationship between sleep quality and emotional adaptation among freshmen in elite Chinese universities during prolonged lockdown conditions,and it is beneficial for schools and educators to further improve school schedules and psychological health initiatives.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81971250 and No.82171501Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support,No.ZLRK202335Early Psychosis Cohort Program of Beijing Anding Hospital,No.ADDL-03.
文摘BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve(CR)and the catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)Val/Met polymorphism are reportedly linked to negative symptoms in schizophrenia.However,the regulatory effect of the COMT genotype on the relationship between CR and negative symptoms is still unexamined.AIM To investigate whether the relationship between CR and negative symptoms could be regulated by the COMT Val/Met polymorphism.METHODS In a cross-sectional study,54 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia underwent assessments for the COMT genotype,CR,and negative symptoms.CR was estimated using scores in the information and similarities subtests of a short form of the Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.RESULTS COMT Met-carriers exhibited fewer negative symptoms than Val homozygotes.In the total sample,significant negative correlations were found between negative symptoms and information,similarities.Associations between information,similarities and negative symptoms were observed in Val homozygotes only,with information and similarities showing interaction effects with the COMT genotype in relation to negative symptoms(information,β=-0.282,95%CI:-0.552 to-0.011,P=0.042;similarities,β=-0.250,95%CI:-0.495 to-0.004,P=0.046).CONCLUSION This study provides initial evidence that the association between negative symptoms and CR is under the regulation of the COMT genotype in schizophrenia.