To systematically comb and explore the rural poverty reduction effect of traffic infrastructure,the author analyzed the mechanism,main channels and actual effect of rural traffic infrastructure on poverty reduction.It...To systematically comb and explore the rural poverty reduction effect of traffic infrastructure,the author analyzed the mechanism,main channels and actual effect of rural traffic infrastructure on poverty reduction.It revealed that rural traffic infrastructure exerts positive or negative effect on poverty reduction directly or indirectly.The positive channel includes increasing non-agricultural employment opportunities,reducing costs for agricultural production,transportation and labor transfer,increasing availability of social service,and promoting adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and development of rural tourism resources.On the whole,traffic infrastructure has significant positive influence on rural poverty reduction.Finally,it summarized policy recommendations for building pro-poor traffic infrastructure,and came up with vacancy of related research field and future exploration direction.展开更多
This paper proposes a single integrated traffic enforcement system that is able to recognize and report various traffic violations. It consists of a Wi-Fi infrastructure that enables communication between moving vehic...This paper proposes a single integrated traffic enforcement system that is able to recognize and report various traffic violations. It consists of a Wi-Fi infrastructure that enables communication between moving vehicles and a central node. Unlike existing solutions, which address single violations, the proposed model encompasses several issues like exceeding speed limits, entering a no entry street, car theft, congestion and tolling. OPNET simulations were run to test the Wi-Fi model and define its different characteristics and limitations. A proof-of-concept case was modeled, and the proposed architecture succeeded in meeting all design requirements.展开更多
Simulation is a powerful tool for improving,evaluating and analyzing the performance of new and existing systems.Traffic simulators provide tools for studying transportation systems in smart cities as they describe th...Simulation is a powerful tool for improving,evaluating and analyzing the performance of new and existing systems.Traffic simulators provide tools for studying transportation systems in smart cities as they describe the evolution of traffic to the highest level of detail.There are many types of traffic simulators that allow simulating traffic in modern cities.The most popular traffic simulation approach is the microscopic traffic simulation because of its ability to model traffic in a realistic manner.In many cities of Saudi Arabia,traffic management represents a major challenge as a result of expansion in traffic demands and increasing number of incidents.Unfortunately,employing simulation to provide effective traffic management for local scenarios in Saudi Arabia is limited to a number of commercial products in both public and private sectors.Commercial simulators are usually expensive,closed source and inflexible as they allow limited functionalities.In this project,we developed a local traffic simulator“KSUtraffic”for traffic modeling,planning and analysis with respect to different traffic control strategies and considerations.We modeled information specified by GIS and real traffic data.Furthermore,we designed experiments that manipulate simulation parameters and the underlying area.KSUTraffic visualizes traffic and provides statistical results on the simulated traffic which would help to improve traffic management and efficiency.展开更多
In accordance with the specific deployment way of infrastructure and data exchanging technology in the Internet of vehicles(IoV),the acquiring and calculating method for three basic traffic flow parameters in IoV scen...In accordance with the specific deployment way of infrastructure and data exchanging technology in the Internet of vehicles(IoV),the acquiring and calculating method for three basic traffic flow parameters in IoV scenarios,including traffic flow,speed and density,was researched.Considering the complexity of traffic flow and fuzziness of human thinking,fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm based on the genetic algorithm(GA-FCM) was adopted in soft classification of urban road traffic conditions.Genetic algorithm(GA) introduced into fuzzy clustering could avoid fuzzy c-means(FCM) algorithm converging to the local infinitesimal point,which made the cluster result more precise.By means of computer simulation,data exchanging environment in IoV was imitated,and then test data set was divided into four parts.The simulation indicates that the identification method is feasible and effective for urban road traffic conditions in IoV scenarios.展开更多
为更好掌握现有公路气象灾害研究的知识结构及发展进程,收集中国知网(CNKI)核心集1992—2022年和Web of Science核心集2000—2022年收录的1840篇论文,基于CiteSpace软件,从文献分布、共现网络、聚类分析、关键词突现等方面进行分析。结...为更好掌握现有公路气象灾害研究的知识结构及发展进程,收集中国知网(CNKI)核心集1992—2022年和Web of Science核心集2000—2022年收录的1840篇论文,基于CiteSpace软件,从文献分布、共现网络、聚类分析、关键词突现等方面进行分析。结果表明:1)随着学科不断发展,公路气象灾害领域论文年发文量总体呈增长趋势;2)公路气象灾害研究具有多学科交叉性质,研究学者来自交通、气象及地质学等相关研究机构及院校;3)国内外研究热点主要有气象灾害对交通基础设施的破坏、气象灾害对交通运行及安全的影响、气象灾害模拟及风险评估、路网监测及交通管控措施等;4)公路边坡灾害及恶劣天气对公路正常运行的影响在多时期引起国内外学者的广泛关注;5)随着研究的不断深入,公路抗灾韧性、智慧交通管控及全寿命公路气象灾害评估等方向近几年引起研究学者关注。展开更多
Traffic intersections are incredibly dangerous for drivers and pedestrians. Statistics from both Canada and the U.S. show a high number of fatalities and serious injuries related to crashes at intersections. In Canada...Traffic intersections are incredibly dangerous for drivers and pedestrians. Statistics from both Canada and the U.S. show a high number of fatalities and serious injuries related to crashes at intersections. In Canada, during 2019, the National Collision Database shows that 28% of traffic fatalities and 42% of serious injuries occurred at intersections. Likewise, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Administration (NHTSA) found that about 40% of the estimated 5,811,000 accidents in the U.S. during the year studied were intersection-related crashes. In fact, a major survey by the car insurance industry found that nearly 85% of drivers could not identify the correct action to take when approaching a yellow traffic light at an intersection. One major reason for these accidents is the “yellow light dilemma,” the ambiguous situation where a driver should stop or proceed forward when unexpectedly faced with a yellow light. This situation is even further exacerbated by the tendency of aggressive drivers to inappropriately speed up on the yellow just to get through the traffic light. A survey of Canadian drivers conducted by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation found that 9% of drivers admitted to speeding up to get through a traffic light. Another reason for these accidents is the increased danger of making a left-hand turn on yellow. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA), left turns occur in approximately 22.2% of collisions—as opposed to just 1.2% for right turns. Moreover, a study by CNN found left turns are three times as likely to kill pedestrians than right turns. The reason left turns are so much more likely to cause an accident is because they take a driver against traffic and in the path of oncoming cars. Additionally, most of these left turns occur at the driver’s discretion—as opposed to the distressingly brief left-hand arrow at busy intersections. Drive Safe Now proposes a workable solution for reducing the number of accidents occurring during a yellow light at intersections. We believe this fairly simple solution will save lives, prevent injuries, reduce damage to public and private property, and decrease insurance costs.展开更多
基金Supported by Project of Asian Development Bank(RETA5947)
文摘To systematically comb and explore the rural poverty reduction effect of traffic infrastructure,the author analyzed the mechanism,main channels and actual effect of rural traffic infrastructure on poverty reduction.It revealed that rural traffic infrastructure exerts positive or negative effect on poverty reduction directly or indirectly.The positive channel includes increasing non-agricultural employment opportunities,reducing costs for agricultural production,transportation and labor transfer,increasing availability of social service,and promoting adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and development of rural tourism resources.On the whole,traffic infrastructure has significant positive influence on rural poverty reduction.Finally,it summarized policy recommendations for building pro-poor traffic infrastructure,and came up with vacancy of related research field and future exploration direction.
文摘This paper proposes a single integrated traffic enforcement system that is able to recognize and report various traffic violations. It consists of a Wi-Fi infrastructure that enables communication between moving vehicles and a central node. Unlike existing solutions, which address single violations, the proposed model encompasses several issues like exceeding speed limits, entering a no entry street, car theft, congestion and tolling. OPNET simulations were run to test the Wi-Fi model and define its different characteristics and limitations. A proof-of-concept case was modeled, and the proposed architecture succeeded in meeting all design requirements.
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for funding this work through research Group No.RG-1441-331.
文摘Simulation is a powerful tool for improving,evaluating and analyzing the performance of new and existing systems.Traffic simulators provide tools for studying transportation systems in smart cities as they describe the evolution of traffic to the highest level of detail.There are many types of traffic simulators that allow simulating traffic in modern cities.The most popular traffic simulation approach is the microscopic traffic simulation because of its ability to model traffic in a realistic manner.In many cities of Saudi Arabia,traffic management represents a major challenge as a result of expansion in traffic demands and increasing number of incidents.Unfortunately,employing simulation to provide effective traffic management for local scenarios in Saudi Arabia is limited to a number of commercial products in both public and private sectors.Commercial simulators are usually expensive,closed source and inflexible as they allow limited functionalities.In this project,we developed a local traffic simulator“KSUtraffic”for traffic modeling,planning and analysis with respect to different traffic control strategies and considerations.We modeled information specified by GIS and real traffic data.Furthermore,we designed experiments that manipulate simulation parameters and the underlying area.KSUTraffic visualizes traffic and provides statistical results on the simulated traffic which would help to improve traffic management and efficiency.
基金the Humanity and Social Science Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education in China(No.12YJC630200)Natural Science Foundations of Gansu Province in China(Nos.145RJZA190,1308RJYA042)the Social Science Planning Project of Gansu Province in China(No.13YD066)
文摘In accordance with the specific deployment way of infrastructure and data exchanging technology in the Internet of vehicles(IoV),the acquiring and calculating method for three basic traffic flow parameters in IoV scenarios,including traffic flow,speed and density,was researched.Considering the complexity of traffic flow and fuzziness of human thinking,fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm based on the genetic algorithm(GA-FCM) was adopted in soft classification of urban road traffic conditions.Genetic algorithm(GA) introduced into fuzzy clustering could avoid fuzzy c-means(FCM) algorithm converging to the local infinitesimal point,which made the cluster result more precise.By means of computer simulation,data exchanging environment in IoV was imitated,and then test data set was divided into four parts.The simulation indicates that the identification method is feasible and effective for urban road traffic conditions in IoV scenarios.
文摘为更好掌握现有公路气象灾害研究的知识结构及发展进程,收集中国知网(CNKI)核心集1992—2022年和Web of Science核心集2000—2022年收录的1840篇论文,基于CiteSpace软件,从文献分布、共现网络、聚类分析、关键词突现等方面进行分析。结果表明:1)随着学科不断发展,公路气象灾害领域论文年发文量总体呈增长趋势;2)公路气象灾害研究具有多学科交叉性质,研究学者来自交通、气象及地质学等相关研究机构及院校;3)国内外研究热点主要有气象灾害对交通基础设施的破坏、气象灾害对交通运行及安全的影响、气象灾害模拟及风险评估、路网监测及交通管控措施等;4)公路边坡灾害及恶劣天气对公路正常运行的影响在多时期引起国内外学者的广泛关注;5)随着研究的不断深入,公路抗灾韧性、智慧交通管控及全寿命公路气象灾害评估等方向近几年引起研究学者关注。
文摘Traffic intersections are incredibly dangerous for drivers and pedestrians. Statistics from both Canada and the U.S. show a high number of fatalities and serious injuries related to crashes at intersections. In Canada, during 2019, the National Collision Database shows that 28% of traffic fatalities and 42% of serious injuries occurred at intersections. Likewise, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Administration (NHTSA) found that about 40% of the estimated 5,811,000 accidents in the U.S. during the year studied were intersection-related crashes. In fact, a major survey by the car insurance industry found that nearly 85% of drivers could not identify the correct action to take when approaching a yellow traffic light at an intersection. One major reason for these accidents is the “yellow light dilemma,” the ambiguous situation where a driver should stop or proceed forward when unexpectedly faced with a yellow light. This situation is even further exacerbated by the tendency of aggressive drivers to inappropriately speed up on the yellow just to get through the traffic light. A survey of Canadian drivers conducted by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation found that 9% of drivers admitted to speeding up to get through a traffic light. Another reason for these accidents is the increased danger of making a left-hand turn on yellow. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA), left turns occur in approximately 22.2% of collisions—as opposed to just 1.2% for right turns. Moreover, a study by CNN found left turns are three times as likely to kill pedestrians than right turns. The reason left turns are so much more likely to cause an accident is because they take a driver against traffic and in the path of oncoming cars. Additionally, most of these left turns occur at the driver’s discretion—as opposed to the distressingly brief left-hand arrow at busy intersections. Drive Safe Now proposes a workable solution for reducing the number of accidents occurring during a yellow light at intersections. We believe this fairly simple solution will save lives, prevent injuries, reduce damage to public and private property, and decrease insurance costs.
