Experimental Study on the Bending Properties of Grouting Butt Joints Reinforced by Steel Plate Embedded in Bamboo Tube

The construction of grouting butt joints of bamboo tubes is simple and efficient.However,when the joint is bent,the low tensile strength of the mortar easily leads to cracking of the mortar prior to the failure of the bamboo tube.In this paper,a comparative test of the bending capacity was performed on grouting butt joints reinforced by nonperforated,fully perforated,and semiperforated steel plates embedded in bamboo tubes to obtain the loaddisplacement curves and ultimate bearing capacity of various specimens.The strengthening effect of CFRP pasted on bamboo tubes was also studied.The results show that the opening at the end of the steel plate is beneficial to resist the slip between the mortar and steel plate,while the complete section in the middle of the steel plate is conducive to making full use of the tensile strength of the steel plate.Therefore,it is best to insert the semiperforated steel plate with openings in the end and without openings in the middle into the mortar to enhance the bending properties of the grouting butt joint,which can make the failure mode of the joint change from brittle failure of mortar to ductile compression failure of bamboo tube.In addition,pasting CFRP sheets on the external wall of the bamboo tube helps to reduce the tensile stress of the mortar,while increasing the width of the steel plate can increase the bending moment of inertia of the mixture of the steel plate and mortar.These two complementary measures are very effective in delaying the cracking of the bamboo tube and improving the bending capacity of the joint.

Influence of flash trap profiles on joint properties of friction welded CP-Ti tube to 304L stainless steel tube plate using external tool

Titanium tube and stainless steel tube plate were welded by an innovative friction welding of tube to tube plate using an external tool (FWTPET). Copper was used as an interlayer for joining the dissimilar materials and also to minimize the effect of intermetallics formed at the joint interface. The process parameters that govern FWTPET process are plunge rate, rotational speed, plunge depth, axial load and flash trap profile. Among them, the flash trap profile of the tube has a significant influence on the joint integrity. Various flash trap profiles like vertical slots, holes, zig-zag holes, and petals were made on the titanium tube welded to the stainless steel tube plate. Macroscopic and microscopic studies reveal defect-free joints. The presence of copper interlayer and intermetallics was evident from X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) studies. The microhardness survey was presented across and along the interface. A novel test procedure called “plunge shear test” was developed to evaluate the joint properties of the welded joints. The highest shear fracture load of 31.58 kN was observed on the sample having petals as flash trap profile. The sheared surfaces were further characterized using SEM for fractography.

Tube通道微创手术治疗股骨干骨不连的疗效观察

目的比较Tube通道微创手术与传统开放手术治疗股骨干骨不连的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2016-03至2018-06解放军总医院第一医学中心收治的股骨干骨折术后非感染性骨不连患者临床资料(29例),其中采用Tube通道微创手术13例(Tube通道组),传统开放手术16例(开放组),根据Tohner-Wrnch标准评定骨折愈合情况和SF-36评分评价术后功能。结果两组患者在年龄、性别、骨不连类型、骨不连时间、随访时间等基础信息方面均无统计学差异。Tube通道组切口[(6.38±1.45)cm]明显小于开放组[(20.56±7.69)cm],差异有统计学意义(P=0.003);开放组手术时间[(250.75±53.82)min]和术中出血量[(565.63±239.94)ml]均显著多于Tube通道组手术时间[(116.15±23.29)min]和术中出血量[(105.00±15.00)ml],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。末次随访时两组患者评价均为愈合,优良率均为100%。SF-36生理功能评分和躯体疼痛评分两组间比较差异均无统计学意义。结论Tube通道微创技术操作相对简便、手术时间短、术中出血少、手术创伤小、临床疗效满意,是一种较理想的治疗方法。

Analysis and seismic tests of composite shear walls with CFST columns and steel plate deep beams

A composite shear wall concept based on concrete filled steel tube （CFST） columns and steel plate （SP） deep beams is proposed and examined in this study. The new wall is composed of three different energy dissipation elements： CFST columns; SP deep beams; and reinforced concrete （RC） strips. The RC strips are intended to allow the core structural elements - the CFST columns and SP deep beams - to work as a single structure to consume energy. Six specimens of different configurations were tested under cyclic loading. The resulting data are analyzed herein. In addition, numerical simulations of the stress and damage processes for each specimen were carried out, and simulations were completed for a range of location and span-height ratio variations for the SP beams. The simulations show good agreement with the test results. The core structure exhibits a ductile yielding mechanism characteristic of strong column-weak beam structures, hysteretic curves are plump and the composite shear wall exhibits several seismic defense lines. The deformation of the shear wall specimens with encased CFST column and SP deep beam design appears to be closer to that of entire shear walls. Establishing optimal design parameters for the configuration of SP deep beams is pivotal to the best seismic behavior of the wall. The new composite shear wall is therefore suitable for use in the seismic design of building structures.

Acoustic Absorption Characteristics of Perforated Thin Plate with Air Jets and Cavity

The present paper focuses on the effect of air jets through a perforated thin plate on the characteristics of an acoustic absorption coefficient. We measured the flow rate, internal pressure, acoustic pressure, and transfer function by using an improved acoustic impedance tube. The normal incidence absorption coefficient was calculated from the measured transfer function using transfer function methods. As a result, the frequency characteristics of the acoustic absorption coefficient against the frequency showed a maximum value at the local frequency. The peak frequency of the acoustic absorption coefficient depended on the thickness of the background air space and the thickness of the perforated plate. As the flow rate increased through the micropores, the peak level of the acoustic absorption coefficient also increased until a flow rate of 80?l /min. As the flow rate further increased, the peak level of the acoustic absorption coefficient decreased and that of the high frequency band increased.

On the Setup of a Test Bench for Predicting Laminar-to-Turbulent Transition on a Flat Plate

At turbomachinery relevant flow conditions the boundary layers are often transitional with laminar-to-turbulent transition occurring. The characteristics of the main flow can depend highly on the state of the boundary layer. Therefore it can be vitally important for the designer to understand the process of laminar-to-turbulent transition and to determine the position and length of the transitional region. In this paper the flow over a flat plate is experimentally studied in order to investigate and better understand transitional flow. Preston tube measurements as well as a thermographic camera system were performed for two different inlet velocities in order to determine the position of the transitional zone. The results of the experiment are compared to numerical flow solutions using a common transition model to determine its capability. The simulation has been performed with the two commercial codes CFX and Fluent by Ansys and an in-house code called LINARS. As a result of this study, a better understanding of the experimental and numerical methods for determining transition shall be given.

基于响应面法的矿用翅片管空冷器参数优化

矿用空冷器是矿井降温系统常用的末端设备,优化矿用空冷器换热性能对提升矿井降温系统能效具有重要意义。采用Fluent建立了平直翅片管矿用空冷器模型,研究了翅片间距、翅片厚度、横向管间距和纵向管间距对传热因子、阻力因子和综合性能评价指标的影响规律;采用Box-Behnken响应面法,分析了双参数协同作用下传热因子、阻力因子和综合性能评价指标变化规律。结果表明:随着翅片间距、横向管间距的减小,以及翅片厚度增加,传热因子、阻力因子和综合性能评价指标逐渐增加;综合性能评价指标则随纵向管间距的增加而先增加后降低;横向管间距、翅片厚度是影响空冷器传热及流动性能最显著的两个参数,而翅片间距、纵向管间距的影响最小;得到了平直翅片管矿用空冷器的最优参数,传热因子提升16.3%、阻力因子增加26.3%、综合性能评价指标提升8.3%。研究结果可为矿用翅片空冷器设计参数优化提供指导。

面向多规格蒸发器传热管检修的新型机器人机构设计及其运动规划

面向核电站蒸汽发生器的管板爬行式检修机器人存在适应性差、检修效率低等问题。为实现蒸汽发生器多规格传热管的检修任务,设计了一款新型机构的四足爬行检修机器人,并对相关的步态规划展开了研究。首先,根据需要适应多规格管板的要求,提出机器人的构型以及整体方案设计,确定了爬行机器人的主要运动方式,并给出了工具工作空间;之后,根据不同类型管板开展了机器人步态规划相关研究,规划了三角形、正方形两种排布管板上的直线运动步态与转向运动步态;最后,利用V-REP与Python联合仿真进行机器人运动仿真实验,结果表明,爬行机器人能够完成多规格管板下的直线运动与转向运动,证明了机构的合理性与运动的可行性。

38 mm型CO_(2)致裂器内部参数对致裂器做功能力影响

为快速获得液态CO_(2)致裂器内部参数对致裂器做功能力的影响特征,优化提高液态CO_(2)致裂器做功能力,提高煤层瓦斯抽采效率,设计液态CO_(2)致裂器做功能力快速评估试验装置。使用煤矿用38 mm型致裂器进行4水平3因素的9组正交试验,分析液态CO_(2)致裂器发热管内部装药量、主管内液态CO_(2)填充量、泄能片厚度以及泄能头释放口径对于致裂器做功能力的影响主次顺序;进一步对其中最重要的影响因素进行固定变量试验,分析最重要影响因素对液态CO_(2)致裂器做功能力的影响特征。结果表明:对于煤矿用38 mm型CO_(2)致裂器,泄能片厚度对于液态CO_(2)致裂器做功能力的影响最大,发热管内部装药量次之,主管内液态CO_(2)填充量及泄能头释放口径影响最弱;液态CO_(2)致裂器做功能力随着泄能片的厚度增加而增加,但当泄能片厚度增加到一定程度时,液态CO_(2)致裂器做功能力增幅不够明显,达到一定厚度泄能片不会破裂,当38 mm型致裂器内部参数设置为CO_(2)质量0.33 kg、释放口径18 mm、装药量60 g、泄能片厚度2.0 mm时致裂器做功能力对应三硝基甲苯(TNT)当量为0.202 kg,相对当前工地使用参数做功能力提升21.9%。

轴压比对波纹侧板-方钢管混凝土柱抗震性能的影响研究

为研究轴压比对波纹侧板-方钢管混凝土柱抗震性能的影响,使用ABAQUS软件建立了组合结构柱的有限元模型,通过破坏形态和滞回曲线等对模型的准确性进行了验证,运用参数模型讨论了不同轴压比对试件的破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、压弯承载力和延性系数的影响。结果表明,随着轴压比增大,方钢管的高应力高度逐渐升高,波纹板的应力由水平分布变化为斜向分布;提高轴压比会使试件的压弯承载力和延性系数呈先升高后降低的趋势,建议轴压比不应超过0.30,满足规范中对延性系数的要求并在一定程度上提高结构的压弯承载力。通过合理控制轴压比,可以提升波纹侧板-方钢管混凝土柱抗震性,确保其在实际应用中的安全性和稳定性。

深圳岗厦北综合交通枢纽大尺寸钢管混凝土半埋 入式柱脚性能试验研究

深圳岗厦北综合交通枢纽位于地下空间资源紧张的城市核心区,规模巨大且荷载工况复杂,核心换乘区设有51.2m×48.0m的无柱超大跨中庭。为解决由场地条件限制导致的柱脚埋深不足问题,结合已有研究成果和工程实践经验,依托深圳岗厦北综合交通枢纽,提出并设计了半埋入式钢管混凝土柱脚节点。为检验节点可靠性,通过1/5大比例缩尺模型试验结合数值分析研究了轴力、剪力和弯矩共同作用下的半埋入式柱脚节点的力学响应,分析了柱脚内部的应力分布规律,揭示了同时设置环板和栓钉作为抗剪连接件时的工作机理。分析结果表明:设计荷载工况下,钢管混凝土柱轴力主要通过环板和柱脚底板传递,弯矩主要通过钢管侧壁承压传递;环板埋深较浅时可以获得较高的传力效率,但其下部混凝土易出现应力集中;钢管侧壁栓钉在埋置深度范围内均能够较好地发挥抗剪作用。承台下部桩基布置合理,设计荷载工况下未见承台冲切破坏特征、节点整体处于弹性工作状态;1.2倍设计荷载工况下节点刚度仍未见明显退化,节点混凝土未出现压溃或剥落,表面无可见裂缝发展,各关键位置钢材应力低于材料强度。设置环板和栓钉作为剪力连接件的半埋入式柱脚可以实现对钢管混凝土柱的可靠嵌固,提出的采用抗剪环板加强的钢管混凝土半埋入式柱脚节点设计与构造方案合理可行,满足结构安全要求。

可见光脉冲输入下微通道板光电倍增管的动态范围研究

结合理论分析与实验测试,研究了在可见光脉冲输入条件下频率以及第二片微通道板与阳极之间电势差对微通道板光电倍增管动态范围的影响。研究结果表明:随着信号光脉冲频率的增大,微通道板壁面电荷补充不充分致使阳极输出偏离线性,并逐渐趋于饱和。当输入可见光脉冲宽度为50 ns,频率为500 Hz时,阳极的最大线性输出达到2 V(即40 mA);当输入光频率增加到1000 Hz,阳极输出在1 V(即20 mA)时线性偏离程度达到10%以上;当输入光频率增加到5000 Hz,阳极输出在0.3 V(即6 mA)时线性偏离程度达到约15%。随着第二片微通道板与阳极之间电势差的增大,阳极最大线性输出电压呈现波动性变化而非与其呈线性关系。当第二片微通道板与阳极之间的电势差在200 V左右时,阳极线性输出电压达到峰值,随着电势差不断增大,阳极线性输出电压开始出现波动,在电势差为500 V左右时达到第二个峰值,这主要是由于极板间电场强度与空间电荷效应共同作用的结果。该研究可为提升微通道板光电倍增管的动态范围提供指导,便于其应用于强辐射脉冲测量、激光通信等领域。

壁式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁嵌入式双侧板节点抗震性能研究及设计建议

以壁式钢管混凝土柱-钢梁嵌入式双侧板节点为研究对象,进行两个足尺试件的拟静力试验,分析节点的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线,并研究节点承载力、延性、耗能能力和刚度退化等指标。试验结果表明:试件破坏模式分别为侧板外梁端形成塑性铰、节点核心区侧板开裂及轻微鼓曲;试件滞回曲线稳定饱满,曲线呈现梭形,试件延性系数为3.11~3.53,等效黏滞阻尼系数大于0.4,具有良好的耗能能力;刚度退化较稳定,具备较好的抗侧能力。在验证有限元模型合理的基础上,通过有限元变参分析此类节点的滞回性能,结果表明:增加侧板厚度或侧板外伸长度可提高嵌入式双侧板节点的承载力及延性。最后结合试验和有限元变参分析结果,针对此类节点提出设计建议。

Pressure characteristics of hydrodynamic cavitation reactor due to the combination of Venturi tubes with multi-orifice plates

The pressure characteristics in the throats of Venturi tube and behind triangular multi-orifice plates were experimentally investigated by a pressure data acquisition system of SINOCERA-YE6263, and the effect of throat length of Venturi tube, different geometric parameters of multi-orifice plate and their combinations on the time-averaged pressure, cavitation number, and pressure frequency spectrum, correlation function calculated by FFT were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the throat length of L/R= 40 made for improving the fluctuation energy and promoting the uniform energy distribution, appropriately decreasing the size and increasing the number of orifice could accelerate the uniform distribution of the fluctuation energy in frequency domain. In the combination reactors, the cavitation number behind multi-orifice plates was lower and the fluctuation of correlation function was more intense.

土中钢板-混凝土筒结构抗爆性能研究

为探究地下爆炸荷载作用下土中钢板-混凝土筒结构的抗爆性能,采用多物质流固耦合计算方法,揭示了冲击波在土体介质中的传播规律,分析了钢板-混凝土筒结构的动力响应与损伤机理,开展了爆炸模型试验,获得了筒体附近的土压力分布及其迎爆面的变形时程曲线,并验证了数值模拟的准确性。在此基础上,与传统钢筋混凝土筒结构抗爆性能对比,分别评价了两种结构形式的破坏模式与损伤程度。结果表明,同等用钢率下,钢板-混凝土筒体抗冲击性能更好。

超高层核心筒异形超厚钢板剪力墙施工技术分析

文中以某超高层建筑项目为例,探析了超高层核心筒异形超厚钢板剪力墙施工技术,采用BIM技术模拟深化,以优化安装顺序、焊接工艺流程,并对焊缝变形提出有效的控制措施。结果表明,除外观质量外,其余检查项目合格率均超过95%,符合国家规范要求,表明该技术方案能够取得良好的应用效果。

高强度钢板混凝土组合剪力墙力学性能试验研究

文中主要就高强度钢板混凝土组合剪力墙力学性能及抗震性能进行研究。研究表明,高强度钢板混凝土组合剪力墙荷载-位移曲线及钢板的荷载-应变曲线均包括弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段以及失效阶段。随着轴压比的降低,试件的峰值荷载、顶点侧移、极限位移以及对应的水平荷载均不断增加;钢板的峰值荷载、极限应变均不断增加,剪力墙的骨架曲线末端未出现下降阶段;试件的等效黏滞阻尼系数不断降低,其耗能能力越低。三种轴压比剪力墙的刚度退化曲线基本一致,均呈现钟形,随着顶点侧移的增加,剪力墙的刚度先快速降低后稳定缓慢降低。

管壳式换热器折流板开孔流场特征及场协同分析

折流板是管壳式换热器最主要的结构之一,但流体介质容易在折流板背风侧产生一个相对静止的“流动死区”,影响换热器壳程的换热效果。因此,本文利用Fluent对换热器壳程折流板进行开孔研究,分析流体流动特征,同时利用场协同分析的方法对其进行了验证分析。结果表明:折流板开孔可有效减小换热器壳程背风区的“流动死区”,达到强化传热的效果。

核电蒸汽发生器关键特厚管板锻件锻造成形方法

管板作为核电蒸汽发生器内的核心锻件,在形状和尺寸上具有直径大、厚度厚的特点,其检验技术要求高,制造难度大,且周期较长。本文对厚度大于500 mm的蒸汽发生器管板进行解剖,分析了不同部位的性能均匀性。试验表明,在ASME标准范围内将Ni质量分数控制在0.90%以上,有利于提高材料的低温韧性。通过闭式模具锻造,提高热处理淬火冷却速率,使得管板中心无塑性转变温度可达-26℃以下,远低于-15℃传统的技术指标,验证了特厚管板的冶炼、锻造及热处理工艺,为提高特厚管板性能指标提供理论和工程实践支撑。

600 MW机组锅炉后屏过热器爆管失效分析

某火力发电厂600 MW机组锅炉后屏过热器发生爆管失效事故,对锅炉后屏过热器爆管管样、后屏过热器对比管样、后屏过热器备品管样等送检管样进行了爆口宏观形貌、室温拉伸、显微组织、氧化物XRD等项目的试验,结合后屏过热器超温记录及运行参数进行分析,结果认为,此次爆管原因主要为管子使用时严重超温所致。