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Extraction of Feature Points for Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines(NURBS)-Based Modeling of Human Legs
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作者 WANG Xi WU Zongqian LI Qiao 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 CAS 2022年第4期299-303,共5页
Methods of digital human modeling have been developed and utilized to reflect human shape features.However,most of published works focused on dynamic visualization or fashion design,instead of high-accuracy modeling,w... Methods of digital human modeling have been developed and utilized to reflect human shape features.However,most of published works focused on dynamic visualization or fashion design,instead of high-accuracy modeling,which was strongly demanded by medical or rehabilitation scenarios.Prior to a high-accuracy modeling of human legs based on non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS),the method of extracting the required quasi-grid network of feature points for human legs is presented in this work.Given the 3 D scanned human body,the leg is firstly segmented and put in standardized position.Then re-sampling of the leg is conducted via a set of equidistant cross sections.Through analysis of leg circumferences and circumferential curvature,the characteristic sections of the leg as well as the characteristic points on the sections are then identified according to the human anatomy and shape features.The obtained collection can be arranged to form a grid of data points for knots calculation and high-accuracy shape reconstruction in future work. 展开更多
关键词 3D scan digital human modeling non-uniform rational b-splines(nurbs) feature extraction
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An Approach to Representing Heterogeneous Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline Objects
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作者 臧婷 徐安平 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2011年第4期275-279,共5页
The representation method of heterogeneous material information is one of the key technologies of heterogeneous object modeling, but almost all the existing methods cannot represent non-uniform rational B-spline (NU... The representation method of heterogeneous material information is one of the key technologies of heterogeneous object modeling, but almost all the existing methods cannot represent non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) entity. According to the characteristics of NURBS, a novel data structure, named NURBS material data structure, is proposed, in which the geometrical coordinates, weights and material coordinates of NURBS heterogene- ous objects can be represented simultaneously. Based on this data structure, both direct representation method and inverse construction method of heterogeneous NURBS objects are introduced. In the direct representation method, three forms of NURBS heterogeneous objects are introduced by giving the geometry and material information of con- trol points, among which the homogeneous coordinates form is employed for its brevity and easy programming. In the inverse construction method, continuous heterogeneous curves and surfaces can he obtained by interpolating discrete points and curves with specified material information. Some examples are given to show the effectiveness of the pro- posed methods. 展开更多
关键词 heterogeneous object non-uniform rational b-spline nurbs material data structure direct represen- tation method inverse construction method
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An adaptive generation method for free curve trajectory based on NURBS
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作者 朱昊 刘京南 +1 位作者 杨安康 汪木兰 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2014年第3期296-301,共6页
To realize the high precision and real-time interpolation of the NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) curve, a kinetic model based on the modified sigmoid function is proposed. The constraints of maximum feed rate,... To realize the high precision and real-time interpolation of the NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) curve, a kinetic model based on the modified sigmoid function is proposed. The constraints of maximum feed rate, chord error, curvature radius and interpolator cycle are discussed. This kinetic model reduces the cubic polynomial S-shape model and the trigonometry function S-shape model from 15 sections into 3 sections under the precondition of jerk, acceleration and feedrate continuity. Then an optimized Adams algorithm using the difference quotient to replace the derivative is presented to calculate the interpolator cycle parameters. The higher-order derivation in the Taylor expansion algorithm can be avoided by this algorithm. Finally, the simplified design is analyzed by reducing the times of computing the low-degree zero-value B-spline basis function and the simplified De Boor-Cox recursive algorithm is proposed. The simulation analysis indicates that by these algorithms, the feed rate is effectively controlled according to tool path. The calculated amount is decreased and the calculated speed is increased while the machining precision is ensured. The experimental results show that the target parameter can be correctly calculated and these algorithms can be applied to actual systems. 展开更多
关键词 free curve nurbs non-uniform rational b-spline sigmoid function Adams algorithm
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DESCRIPTIONS OF THE CYLINDRICAL HELIX WITH NURBS
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作者 孙克豪 乔新 《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》 EI 1997年第2期190-197,共8页
The representation of a cylindrical helix by Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) curves is presented in this paper. A method is proposed to assess the influences produced by different ways to determine the control v... The representation of a cylindrical helix by Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) curves is presented in this paper. A method is proposed to assess the influences produced by different ways to determine the control ver-texes positions of helix. The error distribution cases between the helix approximated by NURBS curves and the original theoretical one are also analyzed. Meanwhile a computational method that guarantees the precision requirements is presented. 展开更多
关键词 helixes CURVES non-uniform rational b-spline (nurbs) error distribution
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FREE-FORM SURFACE RECON-STRUCTION BASED ON NURBS TO SERIAL CROSS-SECTIONS 被引量:5
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作者 SunYuwen WangYuechao LiuWeijun 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2003年第4期420-423,共4页
A new method for recovering shape from cross-sectional contours with complexbranching structures is presented. First, each branching problem by providing an intermediatecontour using distance function and image proces... A new method for recovering shape from cross-sectional contours with complexbranching structures is presented. First, each branching problem by providing an intermediatecontour using distance function and image processing technology is solved. Then, all contours aredivided into several groups of simple contours. For each group, a NURBS curve is fitted to contourpoints in each section within a given accuracy on a common knot vector. Finally, the NURBS surfaceskinning of these contours is performed for providing a smooth geometric model. The method issuitable to reproduce the object by NC machining or rapid prototyping. Some results demonstrate itsusefulness and feasibility. 展开更多
关键词 Sectional contour non-uniform rational b-splines Branching Surfacereconstruction
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G^2 Continuity Algorithms between Adjacent NURBS Patches along Common Cubic Boundary Curve 被引量:2
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作者 周西军 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2003年第4期241-246,242-246,共6页
Non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves and surfaces are becoming increasingly widespread. The author have explored G^1 continuity condition between adjacent NURBS surface patches along common cubic boundary curv... Non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves and surfaces are becoming increasingly widespread. The author have explored G^1 continuity condition between adjacent NURBS surface patches along common cubic boundary curve. On the basis of the research performed, this paper presents a G^2 continuity condition between adjacent NURBS patches along common cubic boundary curve and deduces a specific algorithm for contro1 points and weights of NURBS patch. For making another NURBS patch and one given NURBS patch to attain G^2, according to algorithm condition, one can adjust another patch control points and weights. It is much more convenient for engineers to apply. 展开更多
关键词 computer aided design geometric continuity non-uniform rational b-spline
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A NEW METHOD FOR REPRESENTING THE CIRCLE BY NURBS
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作者 Qin Kaihuai Sun Jiaguang Dept. of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China 《Computer Aided Drafting,Design and Manufacturing》 1992年第2期1-9,共9页
In this paper, a new algorithm for representing conics precisely is presented using NURBS of degree two. The algorithm requires only four control vertices, which is the minimum number of control vertices compared with... In this paper, a new algorithm for representing conics precisely is presented using NURBS of degree two. The algorithm requires only four control vertices, which is the minimum number of control vertices compared with the other algorithms using the square control vertice configuration, to represent a full circle using the full circumscribing square based representation. This paper also derives a new con- dition for NURBS to precisely represent conics and shows the necessary and sufficient condition of rep- resentation of a circular arc. 展开更多
关键词 CONIC circle nonuniform rational b-spline (nurbs)
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AUTOMATIC PROGRAMMING SYSTEM WITH NURBS METHOD ON PC 被引量:1
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作者 Du Junwen LaYadong +2 位作者 Kang Yu LaiKewei ZhuMengzhou (Tianjin University) 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1994年第1期24-28,共17页
This paper presents an automatic programming system on PC, it has also solved the technic problem in the combination of different curves or surfaces. The NURBS is applied to modeling and fitting complicated curves a... This paper presents an automatic programming system on PC, it has also solved the technic problem in the combination of different curves or surfaces. The NURBS is applied to modeling and fitting complicated curves and surfaces. The circular spline is combined with the NURBS to determine the cutter path in accordance with the features of the interpolation movement of NC machine tool. Three methods have been developed to solve the overcutting problems. 展开更多
关键词 Non uniform rational b-spline (nurbs) Circular spline Curves and surfaces fitting NC machining
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A New Isogeometric Finite Element Method for Analyzing Structures
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作者 Pan Su Jiaxing Chen +1 位作者 Ronggang Yang Jiawei Xiang 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第11期1883-1905,共23页
High-performance finite element research has always been a major focus of finite element method studies.This article introduces isogeometric analysis into the finite element method and proposes a new isogeometric fini... High-performance finite element research has always been a major focus of finite element method studies.This article introduces isogeometric analysis into the finite element method and proposes a new isogeometric finite element method.Firstly,the physical field is approximated by uniform B-spline interpolation,while geometry is represented by non-uniform rational B-spline interpolation.By introducing a transformation matrix,elements of types C^(0)and C^(1)are constructed in the isogeometric finite element method.Subsequently,the corresponding calculation formats for one-dimensional bars,beams,and two-dimensional linear elasticity in the isogeometric finite element method are derived through variational principles and parameter mapping.The proposed method combines element construction techniques of the finite element method with geometric construction techniques of isogeometric analysis,eliminating the need for mesh generation and maintaining flexibility in element construction.Two elements with interpolation characteristics are constructed in the method so that boundary conditions and connections between elements can be processed like the finite element method.Finally,the test results of several examples show that:(1)Under the same degree and element node numbers,the constructed elements are almost consistent with the results obtained by traditional finite element method;(2)For bar problems with large local field variations and beam problems with variable cross-sections,high-degree and multi-nodes elements constructed can achieve high computational accuracy with fewer degrees of freedom than finite element method;(3)The computational efficiency of isogeometric finite element method is higher than finite element method under similar degrees of freedom,while as degrees of freedom increase,the computational efficiency between the two is similar. 展开更多
关键词 Finite element method isogeometric analysis uniform b-spline non-uniform rational b-spline beam and bar
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Improved time-optimal B-spline feedrate scheduling for NURBS tool paths in CNC machining
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作者 Yang Li Fu-Sheng Liang +1 位作者 Lei Lu Cheng Fan 《Advances in Manufacturing》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第1期111-129,共19页
Feedrate scheduling in computer numerical control(CNC)machining is of great importance to fully develop the capabilities of machine tools while maintaining the motion stability of each actuator.Smooth and time-optimal... Feedrate scheduling in computer numerical control(CNC)machining is of great importance to fully develop the capabilities of machine tools while maintaining the motion stability of each actuator.Smooth and time-optimal feedrate scheduling plays a critical role in improving the machining efficiency and precision of complex surfaces considering the irregular curvature characteristics of tool paths and the limited drive capacities of machine tools.This study develops a general feedrate scheduling method for non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS)tool paths in CNC machining aiming at minimizing the total machining time without sacrificing the smoothness of feed motion.The feedrate profile is represented by a B-spline curve to flexibly adapt to the frequent acceleration and deceleration requirements of machining along complex tool paths.The time-optimal B-spline feedrate is produced by continuously increasing the control points sequentially from zero positions in the bidirectional scanning and sampling processes.The required number of knots for the time-optimal B-spline feedrate can be determined using a progressive knot insertion method.To improve the computational efficiency,the B-spline feedrate profile is divided into a series of independent segments and the computation in each segment can be performed concurrently.The proposed feedrate scheduling method is capable of dealing with not only the geometry constraints but also high-order drive constraints for any complex tool path with little computational overhead.Simulations and machining experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and superiorities of the proposed method. 展开更多
关键词 b-spline feedrate non-uniform rational b-splines(nurbs)tool path Knot insertion Bidirectional scanning Computer numerical control(CNC)machining
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Methods of configuration test and deformation analysis for large airship 被引量:1
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作者 ZHAI Yutao SHEN Yongzheng +1 位作者 YAN Xiangbin TAN Huifeng 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2022年第4期951-960,共10页
In recent years, high-altitude aerostats have been increasingly developed in the direction of multi-functionality and large size. Due to the large size and the high flexibility, new challenges for large aerostats have... In recent years, high-altitude aerostats have been increasingly developed in the direction of multi-functionality and large size. Due to the large size and the high flexibility, new challenges for large aerostats have appeared in the configuration test and the deformation analysis. The methods of the configuration test and the deformation analysis for large airship have been researched and discussed. A tested method of the configuration,named internal scanning, is established to quickly obtain the spatial information of all surfaces for the large airship by the three-dimensional(3D) laser scanning technology. By using the surface wrap method, the configuration parameters of the large airship are calculated. According to the test data of the configuration, the structural dimensions such as the distances between the characteristic sections are measured. The method of the deformation analysis for the airship contains the algorithm of nonuniform rational B-splines(NURBS) and the finite element(FE)method. The algorithm of NURBS is used to obtain the reconfiguration model of the large airship. The seams are considered and the seam areas are divided. The FE model of the middle part of the large airship is established. The distributions of the stress and the strain for the large airship are obtained by the FE method. The position of the larger deformation for the airship is found. 展开更多
关键词 large airship deformation analysis three-dimensional(3D)laser scanning technology non-uniform rational b-splines(nurbs) system engineering
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NURBS curve blending using extension 被引量:4
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作者 Yong-jin LIU Rong-qi QIU Xiao-hui LIANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2009年第4期570-576,共7页
Curve and surface blending is an important operation in CAD systems, in which a non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) has been used as the de facto standard. In local comer blending, two curves intersecting at that ... Curve and surface blending is an important operation in CAD systems, in which a non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) has been used as the de facto standard. In local comer blending, two curves intersecting at that comer are first made disjoint, and then the third blending curve is added-in to smoothly join the two curves with G^1- or G^2-continuity. In this paper we present a study to solve the joint problem based on curve extension. The following nice properties of this extension algorithm are exploited in depth: (1) The parameterization of the original shapes does not change; (2) No additional fragments are created. Various examples are presented to demonstrate that our solution is simple and efficient. 展开更多
关键词 Curve blending Curve fairing Curve extension non-uniform rational b-spline nurbs
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A THREE-DIMENSIONAL DESINGULARIZED HIGH ORDER PANEL METHOD BASED ON NURBS 被引量:5
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作者 GAO Zhi-liang ZOU Zao-jian 《Journal of Hydrodynamics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2008年第2期137-146,共10页
A desingularized high order panel method based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) was developed to deal with three-dimensional potential flow problems. A NURBS surface was used to precisely represent the body ... A desingularized high order panel method based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) was developed to deal with three-dimensional potential flow problems. A NURBS surface was used to precisely represent the body geometry. Velocity potential on the body surface was described by the B-spline after the source density distribution on the body surface had been solved. The collocation approach was employed to satisfy the Neurnann boundary condition and Gaussian quadrature points were chosen as both the collocation points and the source points. The singularity was removed by a combined method, so the process of the numerical computation was non-singular. In order to verify the method proposed, the unbounded flow problems of sphere and ellipsoid, the wave-making problem of a submerged ellipsoid were chosen as computational examples. It is shown that the numerical results are in good agreement with analytical solutions and other numerical results in all cases, and sufficient accuracy of numerical solution can be reached with a small number of panels. 展开更多
关键词 potential flow high order panel method non-uniform rational b-spline nurbs DESINGULARIZATION
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Longitudinal type-line optimization of high-speed train for low aerodynamic noise 被引量:4
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作者 肖友刚 杨群 +1 位作者 孙亮 时彧 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第6期2494-2500,共7页
The basic head shape of high-speed train is determined by its longitudinal type-line(LTL),so it is crucial to optimize its aerodynamic performance.Based on the parametric modeling of LTL constructed by non-uniform rel... The basic head shape of high-speed train is determined by its longitudinal type-line(LTL),so it is crucial to optimize its aerodynamic performance.Based on the parametric modeling of LTL constructed by non-uniform relational B-spline(NURBS)and the fluctuation pressure obtained by large eddy simulation(LES),the Kriging surrogate model(KSM)of LTL was constructed for low aerodynamic noise,and the accuracy of the KSM was improved gradually by adding the sample point with maximum expected improvement(EI)and the optimal point from optimization.The optimal objective was searched with genetic algorithm(GA).The results show that the total fluctuation pressure level(FPL)of the optimal LTL can be 8.7 dB less than that of original one,and the shape optimization method is feasible for low aerodynamic noise design. 展开更多
关键词 longitudinal type-line non-uniform relational b-spline nurbs aerodynamic noise fluctuation pressure level (FPL) shape optimization
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Study on Real-time Look-ahead and Adaptive Parametric Curve Interpolator 被引量:2
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作者 郭伟 杜道山 +1 位作者 徐荣珍 李从心 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2007年第3期388-393,共6页
The principle of real-time look-ahead was introduced and analysed. An adaptive parametric curve interpolator with a real-time look-ahead function was developed for non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves interpol... The principle of real-time look-ahead was introduced and analysed. An adaptive parametric curve interpolator with a real-time look-ahead function was developed for non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves interpolation, which considering the maximum acceleration/deceleration of the machine tool. In order to deal with the acceleration/deceleration around the feedrate sensitive corners, the look-ahead function was designed and illustrated. It can detect and adjust the feedrate adaptively. With the help of real-time look-ahead, the acceleration/deceleration can be limited to the range of the machine tool capacity. Thus, feedrate fluctuation is reduced. A NURBS curve interpolation experiment was provided to verify the feasibility and advantages of the proposed interpolator with a real-time look-ahead function. 展开更多
关键词 adaptive interpolator LOOK-AHEAD non-uniform rational b-spline curves feedrate sensitive corner chord error
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An efficient data structure for calculation of unstructured T-spline surfaces 被引量:2
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作者 Wei Wang Yang Zhang +1 位作者 Xiaoxiao Du Gang Zhao 《Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art》 2019年第1期7-15,共9页
To overcome the topological constraints of non-uniform rational B-splines,T-splines have been proposed to define the freeform surfaces.The introduction of T-junctions and extraordinary points makes it possible to repr... To overcome the topological constraints of non-uniform rational B-splines,T-splines have been proposed to define the freeform surfaces.The introduction of T-junctions and extraordinary points makes it possible to represent arbitrarily shaped models by a single T-spline surface.Whereas,the complexity and flexibility of topology structure bring difficulty in programming,which have caused a great obstacle for the development and application of T-spline technologies.So far,research literatures concerning T-spline data structures compatible with extraordinary points are very scarce.In this paper,an efficient data structure for calculation of unstructured T-spline surfaces is developed,by which any complex T-spline surface models can be easily and efficiently computed.Several unstructured T-spline surface models are calculated and visualized in our prototype system to verify the validity of the proposed method. 展开更多
关键词 T-SPLINES non-uniform rational b-splines Unstructured T-mesh Extraordinary points
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A Methodology for Curve and Surface Fitting with Adaptive Fairing for Digitized Points
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作者 李大永 彭颖红 +1 位作者 尹忠慰 李建新 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2006年第4期460-464,共5页
A new approach for NURBS(Non-uniform rational B-spline) curve and surface fitting for measured points was presented which employs a fairing method applied to digitized point data with discrete curvature. If measured p... A new approach for NURBS(Non-uniform rational B-spline) curve and surface fitting for measured points was presented which employs a fairing method applied to digitized point data with discrete curvature. If measured points are used as control points to construct an NURBS curve, then the curvature of each data point corresponding to control point of the constructed curve can be computed. According to the convex hull and local properties of NURBS, based on the curvatures obtained, the measured points can be faired. If faired measured points are used as target points to modify, the constructed curve passing through these faired points can produce a smooth NURBS curve. This paper also presented the justification for utilizing the curvatures of constructed NURBS curve instead of the conventional interpolated curve to fair the measured points. Based on the presented algorithms, some qualities of the constructed curves can be improved. 展开更多
关键词 non-uniform rational B-splihe (nurbs) FAIR CURVATURE CONSTRUCTED curve
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Patchwise Mapping Method for Solving Elliptic Boundary Value Problems Containing Multiple Singularities
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作者 Hyunju Kim 《Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics》 2019年第7期1572-1598,共27页
In the paper [1], the geometrical mapping techniques based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) were introduced to solve an elliptic boundary value problem containing a singularity. In the mapping techniques, the ... In the paper [1], the geometrical mapping techniques based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) were introduced to solve an elliptic boundary value problem containing a singularity. In the mapping techniques, the inverse function of the NURBS geometrical mapping generates singular functions as well as smooth functions by an unconventional choice of control points. It means that the push-forward of the NURBS geometrical mapping that generates singular functions, becomes a piecewise smooth function. However, the mapping method proposed is not able to catch singularities emerging at multiple locations in a domain. Thus, we design the geometrical mapping that generates singular functions for each singular zone in the physical domain. In the design of the geometrical mapping, we should consider the design of control points on the interface between/among patches so that global basis functions are in C0?space. Also, we modify the B-spline functions whose supports include the interface between/among them. We put the idea in practice by solving elliptic boundary value problems containing multiple singularities. 展开更多
关键词 Mapping Method non-uniform rational b-spline (nurbs) GALERKIN Approximation Isogeometric Analysis MULTIPLE SINGULARITIES
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Parametric Selection and Continual Combination of Building Surface
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作者 ZHANG Xu (Department of Archtectual, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072,China) 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 CAS 2000年第1期75-79,共5页
A method to reparametrize G retional curve to obtain a C^1 curve is given. A practical G^1 continual connective between adjacent NURUS patches along common guadratic boundary curve is presented in this paper, and a s... A method to reparametrize G retional curve to obtain a C^1 curve is given. A practical G^1 continual connective between adjacent NURUS patches along common guadratic boundary curve is presented in this paper, and a specific algorithm for control points and weights of NURBS patches is discussed. 展开更多
关键词 PARAMETRIZATION cross-section design surface modeling non-uniform rational b-spline geometric continuity
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NEW DESIGN METHOD FOR HYPOID GEARS
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作者 Su Zhijiang Wu Xutang Mao Shimin 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第3期325-328,共4页
A digital model is presented for the purpose of design, manufacture and measurement of hypoid gear, based on the non-uniform rational B-spline surface (NURBS) method. The digital model and the function-oriented acti... A digital model is presented for the purpose of design, manufacture and measurement of hypoid gear, based on the non-uniform rational B-spline surface (NURBS) method. The digital model and the function-oriented active design technique are combined to form a new design method for hypoid gears. The method is well adaptable to CNC bevel gear cutting machines and CNC-controlled gear inspection machines, and can be used to create the initial machine tool cutting location data or program measurement path. The presented example verifies the method is correct. 展开更多
关键词 Hypoid gear Digital design non-uniform rational b-spline surface nurbs Function-oriented active design
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