Embracing different languages and local differences:Coconstructive patient simulation strengthens host countries’clinical training in psychiatry

BACKGROUND Global education in psychiatry is heavily influenced by knowledge from Western,high-income countries,which obscures local voices and expertise.AIM To adapt a human simulation model to psychiatric education in a context that is specific to local languages and cultures.METHODS We conducted an observational study consisting of six human simulation sessions with standardized patients from two host countries,speaking their native languages,and following an adaptation of the co-constructive patient simulation(CCPS)model.As local faculty became increasingly familiar with the CCPS approach,they took on the role of facilitators—in their country’s native language.RESULTS Fifty-three learners participated:19 child and adolescent psychiatry trainees and 3 faculty members in Türkiye(as a group that met online during 3 consecutive months);and 24 trainees and 7 faculty in Israel(divided into 3 groups,in parallel in-person sessions during a single training day).Each of the six cases reflected local realities and clinical challenges,and was associated with specific learning goals identified by each case-writing trainee.CONCLUSION Human simulation has not been fully incorporated into psychiatric education:The creation of immersive clinical experiences and the strengthening of reflective practice are two areas ripe for development.Our adaptations of CCPS can also strengthen local and regional networks and psychiatric communities of practice.Finally,the model can help question and press against hegemonies in psychiatric training that overshadow local expertise.

Proactive psychological and psychiatric support of patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases in a randomised trial:a Ukrainian experience

Background Presently, approaches for the early treatment of pathological anxiety in patients with chronic non-communicable diseases are lacking, thus delaying the initiation of symptom management at the early onset of the illness. Proactive psychological and psychiatric support, to alleviate subclinical symptoms of anxiety and to improve the quality of life in patients with chronic non-communicable diseases, is a promising candidate for the role of such therapy.Aims To investigate and determine the effectiveness of proactive psychological and psychiatric support for alleviating subclinical symptoms of anxiety and improving quality of life, in patients with chronic non-communicable diseases.Methods The study design was a monocentric randomised controlled trial with parallel groups. The study, involving 193 inpatients with chronic non-communicable diseases, complied with the ethical and deontological norms in accordance with the principles set out in the Declaration of Helsinki. Instruments used in the study included the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) to assess subclinical symptoms, the Scale of Somatic Symptoms and the Chaban Quality of Life Scale. Block randomisation was used to randomise patients to a 2-month-long study group with a proactive counselling psychiatry model care or a control group with standard regulated treatment for chronic non-communicable diseases. The allocation ratio was 1.15:1 owing to the expectancy of a higher percentage of dropout in the intervention group.Results After 60 days of treatment (T2), there was a statistically significant difference in all clinical parameters between the study and control groups. The median HAM-A value differed between the groups by 4.87 points, with statistically significant lower results in the study group. The comparison of the study group’s scale values on day 1 and day 60 demonstrated statistically significant changes in all three indicators.Conclusions Our results support existing evidence for the effectiveness of proactive psychological and psychiatric support to reduce subclinical anxiety and somatisation symptoms and to improve the quality of life for patients with common chronic non-communicable diseases. However, continued research on the effectiveness of proactive psychological and psychiatric support for patients with chronic non-communicable diseases is needed.

The Views of Family Members about Nursing Care of Psychiatric Patients Admitted at a Mental Hospital in Malawi

Family members of a mentally ill person play a crucial role in the recovery of their sick relative. They care for their sick relatives at home and in hospital. Some views of family members indicate that they get satisfaction from participating in nursing care of their sick relative. The aim of this study was to describe the views of family members about nursing care of psychiatric patients admitted at a mental hospital in Malawi. A qualitative study design was used and data were collected from ten participants through in-depth interviews. Ethical approval was granted by relevant authorities. Data were analysed using Colaizzi method. The findings fell into the following four themes that emerged: family participation in nursing care;nurses’ skills and experience in caring;respect for psychiatric patients and interactions and information sharing. This study offers valuable information about the views of families regarding nursing care of psychiatric patients. They are involved in the care of their sick relatives although there is lack of effective cooperation between them and nurses. The lack of collaboration made families receive inadequate information about their sick relative. Therefore, it is imperative that nurses are competent in implementing family involvement in nursing care.

Preferences for participation in shared decision making of psychiatric outpatients with affective disorders

Objective: To assess preferences for participation in shared decision making in a representative sample of psychiatric outpatients with affective disorders and to understand how clinical and socio-demographic variables influence patients’ preferences for participation. Method: A cross-sectional survey of 172 consecutive psychiatric outpatients with affective disorders attending at Community Mental Health Care setting was carried out. Patients expressed preferences on each of 3 aspects of decision making (seeking information, discussing options, making the final decision). The “CGI Severity and Improvement Scales” and the “Beck Depression Inventory” scale were used for severity assessment. Additionally the “Drug Attitude Inventory”, the “Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire” and the “Leeds Attitude toward Concordance Scale” were applied to all participants. Effects of variables considered on preferences were assessed using proportional odds regression models. Results: We registered a high response rate of 85%. Nearly all patients (91%) preferred to leave final decisions to their treating psychiatrists and 87% preferred to rely on psychiatrists for medical knowledge rather than seeking their own information. In contrast, 81% of patients preferred to be offered options and to be asked their opinion by their doctors. Gender, age, educational level, number of psychotropics used and belief about psychiatric medication overuse were significant predictors in decision making dimensions considered. Conclusion: Shared decision making approach of patients with affective disorder must take into consideration a more doctor-directed approach preferred by the patients in which the desire to be offered options is not automatically linked with the willingness of taking decisions or getting more knowledge.

Eating habits associated with a history of suicide attempts in psychiatric outpatients

Background: The association of eating habits and suicide attempts has been insufficiently studied. Aim: This study aimed to determine the eating habits associated with suicide attempts in a sample of psychiatric outpatients. Methods: Through a case control study design, 283 psychiatric outpatients attending in two public hospitals in Durango City, Mexico were studied. Of the 283 patients, 156 have had suicide attempts and 127 have not had suicide attempts. Eating habits were obtained from all outpatients and compared in patients with history of suicide attempts and patients without such history. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed differences in eating habits between psychiatric outpatients with and without history of suicide attempts. A history of suicide attempts was positively associated with consumption of pork (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.17 - 4.71;P = 0.01), mutton (OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.25 - 4.52;P = 0.008), chorizo (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.04 - 4.19;P = 0.03), unwashed raw vegetables (OR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.26 - 8.32;P = 0.01), and untreated water (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.03 - 3.02;P = 0.03), and negatively associated with consumption of goat meat (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17 - 0.90;P = 0.02), and turkey meat (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23 - 0.73;P = 0.002). Conclusions: This is the first report on the association of eating habits with suicide attempts in psychiatric outpatients. Results suggest that suicide attempts are associated not only with the type of meat consumed but also with poor food hygiene in psychiatric outpatients. Further studies to confirm or challenge such results are needed.

Stigma and Non-Disclosure in Psychiatric Patients from a Southeast Asian Hospital

Objective: We compared stigma experienced by psychiatric patients and controls in various social domains and hypothesized higher levels of stigma and higher rates of non-disclosure by psychiatric patients. Methods: Psychiatric outpatients and a control group of medical outpatients were assessed for experienced discrimination through a structured questionnaire that included adapted items from the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC-12). Controls were assessed on discrimination related to physical, rather than mental health issues. Statistical analyses were conducted with Pearson’s chi-squared tests and one-way Analyses of Variance (ANOVA). Results: In total, 202 patients comprising 99 psychiatric patients and 103 controls gave consent to the study. Psychiatric patients experienced higher levels of discrimination (F (1, 196) = 24.4, p F (1, 196) = 22.5, p Conclusion: Our study confirmed that psychiatric patients experienced considerable stigma and coped by non-disclosure of their condition.

Acute and delayed psychiatric sequelae among patients hospitalised with COVID-19:a cohort study using LIFE study data

Background Characterising the psychiatric sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)can inform the development of long-term treatment strategies.However,few studies have examined these sequelae at different time points after COVID-19 infection.Aims The study aimed to investigate the incidences and risks of acute and delayed psychiatric sequelae in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Japan.Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted using a database comprising healthcare claims data from public health insurance enrollees residing in a Japanese city.We analysed a primary cohort comprising patients hospitalised with COVID-19 between March 2020 and July 2021 and two control cohorts comprising patients hospitalised with influenza or other respiratory tract infections(RTI)during the same period.We calculated the incidences of acute(1–3 months after infection)and delayed(4–6 months after infection)psychiatric sequelae.These sequelae were identified using diagnosis codes and categorised as mood/anxiety/psychotic disorder,mood disorder,anxiety disorder,psychotic disorder or insomnia.Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios(ORs)of psychiatric sequelae occurrence after COVID-19 infection compared with influenza and other RTI.Results The study population with acute psychiatric sequela consisted of 662 patients with COVID-19,644 patients with influenza,and 7369 patients with RTI who could be followed for 3 months;the study population with delayed psychiatric sequelae consisted of 371 patients with COVID-19,546 patients with influenza,and 5397 patients with RTI who could be followed for 6 months.In the analysis of acute psychiatric sequelae,COVID-19 had significantly higher odds of mood/anxiety/psychotic disorder(OR:1.39,p=0.026),psychotic disorder(OR:2.13,p<0.001),and insomnia(OR:2.59,p<0.001)than influenza,and significantly higher odds of insomnia(OR:1.44,p=0.002)and significantly lower odds of anxiety disorder(OR:0.56,p<0.001)than other RTI.In the analysis of delayed psychiatric sequelae,COVID-19 had significantly higher odds of psychotic disorder(OR:2.25,p=0.007)than influenza,but significantly lower odds of anxiety disorder(OR:0.55,p=0.011)than other RTI.Conclusions COVID-19 was generally associated with an increased risk of psychiatric sequelae occurring within 3 months after infection,but had a lower risk of new psychiatric sequelae developing 4–6 months after infection.

Changes in psychiatric nurse attitudes towards legal representation of inpatients at District Psychiatric Board hearings in Israel: a pilot study

Aims: To compare the initial attitudes of nurses and other professional groups in a psychiatric hospital towards the legal representation (LR) of involuntary admitted psychiatric patients before District Psychiatric Boards (DPB), and to assess how these attitudes changed after LR had become an everyday routine practice in the hospital. Background: LR of hospitalized psychiatric patients before DPB has been introduced into mental health system worldwide, including Israel. Attitudes of psychiatric staff towards LR and their changes over time are a very important –though unstudied issue. Methods: Thirty seven psychiatric nurses employed in the Tirat Carmel Mental Health Center, Israel and 30 other mental health professionals (comparison group) completed the Attitudes to Legal Representation Questionnaire before LR has been instituted in the Center (November 1, 2006) and one year later. Baseline differences between the groups were tested using one-way ANOVA, and prepost differences in the attitude scores were tested by paired t-tests. Results: Baseline psychiatric nurses attitudes towards LR were significantly more negative than those of the comparison group [F67,3 = 6.87, p 37 = 2.56, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Yearlong, routine exposure to the LR of involuntarily admitted psychiatric patients may attenuate negative nurse beliefs and attitudes towards LR of such patients at DPB hearings. The more positive attitudes may enhance the nurses’ ability to present information about patients without jeopardizing their human and civil rights, and help patients to attain a greater sense of control over their illness management and satisfaction with the services received.

Factors Contributing to Parasuicide among Patients Aged 18 - 35 Admitted at a National Psychiatric Hospital, Zimbabwe

The purpose of the study was to determine factors contributing to parasuicide among patients aged 18 - 35 admitted at the national referral psychiatric hospital in Zimbabwe. A purposive sample of 32 respondents was selected for the study. Data were collected using a structured interview guide. All (100%) of parasuicide participants had mental illness and were experiencing severe financial difficulties. Early identification and response to these problems would have prevented morbidity associated with parasuicide.

Examination of Three Case Studies of Caring for Psychiatric Patients on a Medical Surgical Unit

Medical surgical nurses frequently care for patients with psychiatric disorders as one in four people have a diagnosed psychiatric disorder. Since these nurses specialize in medical surgical nursing, they often feel they lack the expertise to care for patients with co-morbid psychiatric problems. This article presents three case studies and delineates nursing care strategies which could assist the medical-surgical nurses in caring for this population.

Patient Satisfaction with Psychiatric Services: A Survey at a Nigerian Federal Teaching Hospital

Background: Patient satisfaction, a measure of the extent to which a patient is content with the health care which he or she receives from his or her health care provider, is an effective means of evaluating the performance of a hospital leading to service improvement and attraction of more patients. In a country whose leadership currently calls for change of attitude of the citizenry, it is pertinent to assess how this change has been accepted in health institutions, especially among the most stigmatized group of patients, by assessing the latter’s level of satisfaction with the quality of services provided. Objectives: The study, carried out over a period of six months (1st May to 30th October, 2016), assessed the satisfaction of patients with the quality of care provided at the psychiatric outpatient department of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria. Methods: Data were extracted from eligible participants using a sociodemographic/clinical profile questionnaire and the Charleston Psychiatric Outpatient Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results: 422 patients (53.6% males, 46.4% females) participated. Their mean age was 32.20 ± 11.35 years. Schizophrenia was the commonest diagnosis. The respondents appeared quite satisfied with the quality of services. Satisfaction with the helpfulness of the record officers was topmost in the administrative scale (92.9%) with satisfaction with the amount of time waited to be seen by doctor, the least (76.3%) while on the environmental scale, appearance of the doctor’s consulting room was most satisfying (93.4%) and cost of service the least (73.5%). 90.5% were satisfied with the overall quality of service provided and 94.8% indicated willingness to recommend the facility to others. Satisfaction was most affected by self-perceived mental and physical health. Conclusion: Patient satisfaction is a simple way to evaluate hospital services. Continual assessment of patient satisfaction is recommended to enable authorities improve on areas considered less satisfactory while sustaining service areas deemed highly satisfactory.

Experiences of Psychiatric Day-Care Patients during the Introductory Period in Japan

Psychiatric day care plays an important role as transitional support after discharge in Japan. However, interruption rate of the day care treatment is high during the introductory period. The purpose of this study was to clarify the experiences of psychiatric day-care patients during the introductory period and find an approach to care. A qualitative study with thirteen patients at the introductory period was designed to explore participant’s experiences through semi-structured interviews. At first, patients were confused about their attitude because they paid attention to themselves, and consequently closed their involvement with others. However, through therapeutic day care activities, they attempted to adapt themselves and gradually turned their attention toward others and accumulated interpersonal experiences. As interactions with others became more frequent, they became conscious of themselves and others. Finally, while having worries about the future, they looked toward recovery and became aware that they were changing. Experiences of patients during the introductory period were essential to their recovery and gave meaning to their day care usage. Nurses should collaborate with patients to determine whether day care would serve to open a patient’s life to new possibilities.

The Introduction of Pharmaceutical Care in Psychiatric Outpatients in Community Pharmacy of the Northeast Region of Argentina

The purpose of this paper is to implement a pharmaceutical care program in psychiatric outpatients in a community pharmacy. Outpatients （536） with psychiatric treatment requiring the dispensing of medication prescribed by a psychiatrist were followed up in a community pharmacy, where different medicines were prescribed as PS （pharmaceutical specialties）, PC （pharmaceutical compounding） or both PS and PC. Each prescription was registered with details on a patient level. Also, three reporting sheets were designed： patients profile, patients monitoring and patients counseling. The total study population in the community pharmacy consisted of 536 outpatients： 357 （66.6%） females and 179 （33.4%） males. Most of the outpatients （78.5%） have health insurance, 50% correspond to public and 28.5% to private institution. The other patients （21.5%） do not have medical insurance. We also observed that the education level of these patients was： primary school 19.1%; high school 45.9%; college 15.3% and university 20.7%. Many patients had more than one psychiatric diagnosis, to whom were prescribed different medicines. All the medication studies on the charts were screened for prescriptions with antidepressants and other psychotropic drugs, starting on the date of first diagnosis made by a psychiatrist. The counseling to the patients was also registered. The possibility of the follow-up of these outpatients in the community pharmacy promoted the development of the psychiatric pharmacy and all advances in care for patients with mental health needs, working in closer collaboration with psychiatrists.

Caring psychiatric patients and its impact on nurses’behavior:a cross-sectional quantitative method study in Saudi Arabia

Objective:The present study aimed to address the care of psychiatric patients and its impact on nurses’behavior in Saudi Arabia.Methods:A cross-sectional quantitative questionnaire-based study was conducted.This study was carried out in various government hospitals across different regions of Saudi Arabia.Results:A total of 73 nurses participated in the study,with male nurses comprising the majority(61.6%)compared to females.Being a young nurse or with few years of work experience is linked with more predilection towards preventive behaviour and/or physical activity.A significant mean difference was observed,indicating higher scores for preventive behavior among females(female 14.93±5.82 vs.male 11.56±5.48,P=0.015).The Bonferroni post hoc multiple comparisons did not reveal any statistical significance for single vs.married(P=0.618),single vs.divorced(P=0.223),and married vs.divorced(P=0.020).Conclusion:The study results demonstrated a significant impact of caring for psychiatric patients on nurses’behavior.This is concerning because psychological and mental health strain has been shown to contribute to unhealthy lifestyle habits,such as physical inactivity and sleep deprivation,which,in turn,can contribute to the increasing incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases.Healthcare interventions targeting psychiatric and mental health nurses should be designed and examined to emphasize the importance of healthy lifestyle choices and an active lifestyle.

Experiences and Challenges While Managing the Inpatient Psychiatry Unit Dedicated for COVID-19 Patients

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed the mental health care. Treating psychiatric patients with COVID-19 poses multiple challenges in the inpatient psychiatric setting in terms of mitigating transmission of the virus. Gracie Square Hospital, a freestanding psychiatric hospital located in New York City, devoted a unit to treating COVID-19 patients requiring inpatient psychiatric treatment. This paper describes our experiences and challenges while managing the psychiatric COVID-19 unit that may serve as a model for other health care facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Development of the Japanese Psychiatric Nursing Assessment Classification System (PsyNACS©)

The purpose of this study was to develop the Japanese Psychiatric Nursing Assessment Classification System (PsyNACS)©. This study used the on-line survey method from February to April 2015. There were 644 respondents comprised of professional nurses with minimum qualification of 3 years’ experience being in a psychiatric unit of a stand-alone 200-bed or more Psychiatric Hospital in Japan. Assessment items were derived from 211 specific items selected from nursing textbooks, excluding the North-American-Nursing-Diagnosis-Association (NANDA). The questionnaire contained Cover Letter, Demographic Data Sheet, and the PsyNACS© questionnaire. There were 644 questionnaires accessed but only 435 were completed and valid. Item levels of importance were evaluated: 1) Unnecessary, 2) Not very important, 3) Important and 4) Very important. Data analysis used descriptive and multivariate statistics. Factor analysis (principal factor analysis, varimax rotation), the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and the Bartlett’s test of Sphericity assessed the adaptive validity of the factor analysis. Factor loadings were set at 0.4 or more for the configuration of items. Internal consistency and reliability were established using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Mean factor points were calculated, including standard deviation, range, and confidence interval at 95%. Statistical significance was at 0.05 level. Nine Patient Assessment Data (PAD) with 2 to 5 Cluster Assessment Data (CAD) each were categorized. Thirty one CADs comprised the Patient Assessment Data: (PAD1) Psychological symptom and stress, (PAD2) Information about treatment, (PAD3) Function of eating and balance of water, (PAD4) Life and value, (PAD5) Vital signs and health assessment, (PAD6) Self-care, (PAD7) Social support, (PAD8) Activity, sleeping and mobility capability, and (PAD9) Sexual function and sexual behavior. The PsyNACS© is a classification of items assessing health care needs within the Japanese psychiatric nursing care environment, and also can be used in various psychiatric patient care situations in all psychiatric units.

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

To the Editor:Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus(NPSLE)is a group of serious complications of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)with poor prognosis and high mortality.^([1])Therefore,identifying risk factors for NPSLE is particularly crucial for the improvement of the outcomes of patients.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is currently the imaging test of choice for diagnosing patients with NPSLE.However,almost half of the patients with NPSLE show no abnormalities on conventional MRI.^([2])Therefore,the correlation between neuropsychiatric symptoms,which refer to multiple neuropsychiatric manifestations directly related to SLE,and MRI findings should be urgently studied.In this study,we investigated the clinical features,outcomes,and prognostic factors of NPSLE and analyzed the correlation of neuropsychiatric symptoms with MRI features.

Psychiatrists' approach to vascular risk assessment in Latin America

AIM: To explore the way in which Latin American psychiatrists approach the screening of vascular risk factors in patients receiving antipsychotic medication.METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross sectional study that surveyed Latin-American physicians to evaluate differences between groups divided in three main sections. The first section included demographic and professional data. The second section asked about the available medical resources: weighing scales, sphygmomanometer and measuring tape. Finally, the third section aimed at looking into the attitudes towards car-diovascular prevention. The latter was also divided into two subsections. In the first one, the questions were about weight, blood pressure and waist perimeter. In the second subsection the questions asked about the proportion of patients:(1) that suffered from overweight and/or obesity;(2) whose lipids and glycemia were controlled by the physician;(3) that were questioned by, and received information from the physician about smoking; and(4) that received recommendations from the physician to engage in regular physical activity. The participants were physicians, users of the medical website Intramed. The visitors were recruited by a banner that invited them to voluntarily access an online self-reported structured questionnaire with multiple options. RESULTS: We surveyed 1185 general physicians and 792 psychiatrists. Regarding basic medical resources, a significantly higher proportion of general physicians claimed to have weighing scales(χ2 = 404.9; P < 0.001), sphygmomanometers(χ2 = 419.3; P < 0.001), and measuring tapes(χ2 = 336.5; P < 0.001). While general physicians measured overweight and metabolic indexes in the general population in a higher proportion than in patients treated with antipsychotics(Z =-11.91; P < 0.001), psychiatrists claimed to measure them in patients medicated with antipsychotics in a higher proportion than in the general population(Z =-3.26; P < 0.001). Also general physicians tended to evaluate smoking habits in the general population more than psychiatrists(Z =-7.02; P < 0.001), but psychiatrists evaluated smoking habits in patients medicated with antipsychotics more than general physicians did(Z =-2.25; P = 0.024). General physicians showed a significantly higher tendency to control blood pressure(χ2 = 334.987; P < 0.001), weight(χ2 = 435.636; P < 0.001) and waist perimeter(χ2 = 96.52; P < 0.001) themselves and they did so in all patients. General physicians suggested physical activity to all patients morefrequently(Z =-2.23; P = 0.026), but psychiatrists recommended physical activity to patients medicated with antipsychotics more frequently(Z =-7.53; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Psychiatrists usually check vascular risk factors in their patients, especially in those taking antipsychotics. General practitioners check them routinely without paying special attention to this population.

Development of an instrument to measure patients' attitudes towards involuntary hospitalization

AIM To construct and assess the psychometric properties of an instrument to measure patients' attitudes towards involuntary hospitalization. METHODS This is a two phase study. In the first phase, based on comprehensive literature review, a twenty one item scale to measure patients' attitudes to involuntary admission was constructed. Forensic and inpatient Psychiatrists, patients' advocates and legal experts(n = 15) were invited to participate in the validation process of the written instrument, by formally rating each item of the instrument for its relevancy in measuring patients' attitudes to involuntary admission. In the second phase of the project, the instrument was administered to a sample of eighty consecutive patients, who were admitted involuntarily to an acute psychiatric unit of a teaching hospital. All patients completed the constructed attitudes towards involuntary admission scale, and the client satisfaction questionnaire. RESULTS Responses from psychiatry and advocacy experts provided evidence for face and content validity for the constructed instrument. The internal consistency reliability of the instrument is 0.84(Chronbach' alpha), factor analysis resulted in three correlated, and theoretically meaningful factors. There was evidence for content, convergent, and concurrent validity.CONCLUSION A reliable twenty one item instrument scale to measure patients' attitudes to involuntary admission was developed. The developed instrument has high reliability, there is strong evidence for validity, and it takes ten minutes to complete.

SEGUE框架情景式案例教学法在医学生医患沟通能力培养中的应用

目的探讨SEGUE[准备(set the stage,S),信息收集(elicitinformation,E),信息给予(giveinformation,G),理解患者(understandthepatient's/family’sperspective,U),结束问诊(end the encounter,E)]框架情景式案例分析教学法在精神科见习生中的应用效果。方法选取2019年9月—2020年12月在中山大学附属第三医院精神科见习的2016级和2017级5年制临床医学专业医学生为研究对象,共204名,将其随机分为试验组、对照组,各102名。试验组采取SEGUE框架下的情景式案例分析教学法,对照组采取传统的教学方法。2组在课程开始前和见习结束时均采用中文版医患沟通技能评价量表(SEGUE量表)对精神科见习生医患沟通能力进行评分。结果干预前,2组SEGUE量表各维度得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,2组准备、信息收集、信息给予、理解患者、总分以及人文关怀评分均高于干预前,试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论SEGUE框架下情景式案例分析教学法能很好地提高精神科见习生的医患沟通能力,尤其是共情能力和人文关怀能力,可以作为精神科见习医生的医患沟通教学方法的参考方案。