Design of Dispersion Compensation and Nonlinear Distortion Self-compensationin Co -network Transmission Systems

Dispersion and nonlinear distortion have an effect on transmission performanc es of optic al fiber transimission systems. The schemes of dispersion compensation and nonli near distortion self-compens ation in telecom-CATV co-network transmission systems are reported, followed by investigation on (1) the impact of dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) on fi ber nonlinear effects with a cascade of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) an d different dispersion compensation schemes, (2) the impact of the complex on th e total nonlinear distortion induced by EDFA gain tilt and the light source. As a result , dispersion compensation optimal scheme and EDFA negative gain tilt are suggest ed as a solution to dispersion compensation and the nonlinear distortion self-c ompensation.

Perception of Nonlinear Distortion in Music Signals Reproduced by Microspeakers

A lot of work has focused on compensating nonlinear distortions ofthe microspeaker under large excitation, yet it is unclear at which levelthe effect of nonlinear distortion is imperceptible or not annoying. Inthis study virtual listening tests were performed to evaluate thedeterioration of sound quality in music signals with different levels ofnonlinear distortion by a microspeaker. Binaural recordings of themusic played by the microspeaker were made at different voltagelevels, adjusted to the same RMS power, and afterwards reproducedby a low distortion reference headphone. The “double-blind triple-stimuluswith hidden reference” method was used in the listening tests. Listenerswere required to not only discern the distortion, but also rank theseverity of the distortion. The effects of several factors includingsubject, program material and distortion level on the perceiveddistortion are discussed.

Adaptive Nonlinear Sliding Mode Control for DC Power Distribution in Commercial Buildings

The developing populace and industrialization power demand prompted the requirement for power generation from elective sources.The desire for this pursuit is solid due to the ever-present common assets of petroleum deri-vatives and their predominant ecological issues.It is generally acknowledged that sustainable power sources are one of the best answers for the energy emergency.Among these,Photovoltaic(PV)sources have many benefits to bestow a very promising future.If integrated into the existing power distribution infrastructure,the solar source will be more successful,requiring efficient Direct Current(DC)-Alternating Current(AC)conversion.This paper mainly aims to improve control-lers’performance between AC/DC Energy sources and the DC loads using the Adaptive Nonlinear Sliding Mode(ANSM)control method.The proposed ANSM method efficiently controls power quality issues,such as transient response,powerflow reliability and Total Harmonics Distortion(THD).The proposed con-troller is applied for both AC/DC and DC/DC converters and the performance of the proposed controller is validated through simulation checking the above para-meters.The simulation results confirm ANSM configuration is more reliable and efficient than the existing fuzzy and sliding mode control methods.

改进k-means的多域光纤通信非线性失真补偿方法

为了解决光纤通信信号在传输过程中受到非线性影响而产生的失真问题,提高光纤通信系统的稳定性,提出了改进k-means的多域光纤通信非线性失真补偿方法。构建多域光纤通信传输模型,在传输端利用波长转换器将输入信号传输到光纤,结合干扰原理线性化脉冲恢复光信号。以信噪比描述光纤通信的色散特性,明确信号交互出现非线性失真变化。通过Dijkstra方法改进k-means方法,解调失真星座,避免聚类陷入局部最优,使全部簇信号尽可能接近原始调制中心,实现失真补偿。实验结果表明:利用所提方法对光纤通信非线性失真进行补偿后,聚类效果较佳,信息误码率可降至10^(-7),有效减少了网络传输消耗,提高光纤通信信号质量。

基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题的虚单元法求解

应变-旋转(Strain-Rotation,S-R)和分解定理为分析几何非线性问题提供了合理可靠的理论基础,但用有限元求解时会遇到大变形发生后的网格畸变问题。近年提出的虚单元法(Virtual element method,VEM)适用于一般的多边形网格,因此,该文尝试使用一阶虚单元求解基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题,以克服网格畸变的影响。基于重新定义的多项式位移空间基函数,推演获得一阶虚单元分析线弹性力学问题时允许位移空间向多项式位移空间的投影表达式;按照虚单元法双线性格式的计算规则,分析处理基于更新拖带坐标法和势能率原理的增量变分方程;进而建立离散系统方程及其矩阵表达形式,并编制MATLAB求解程序;采用常规多边形网格和畸变网格,应用该文算法分析均布荷载下的悬臂梁和均匀内压下的厚壁圆筒变形。结果与已有文献和ANSYS软件的对比表明:该文算法在两种网格中均可有效执行且具备足够数值精度。总体该文算法为基于S-R和分解定理的二维几何非线性问题求解提供了一种鲁棒方法。

Cascaded ELM-Based Joint Frame Synchronization and Channel Estimation over Rician Fading Channel with Hardware Imperfections

Due to the interdependency of frame synchronization(FS)and channel estimation(CE),joint FS and CE(JFSCE)schemes are proposed to enhance their functionalities and therefore boost the overall performance of wireless communication systems.Although traditional JFSCE schemes alleviate the influence between FS and CE,they show deficiencies in dealing with hardware imperfection(HI)and deterministic line-of-sight(LOS)path.To tackle this challenge,we proposed a cascaded ELM-based JFSCE to alleviate the influence of HI in the scenario of the Rician fading channel.Specifically,the conventional JFSCE method is first employed to extract the initial features,and thus forms the non-Neural Network(NN)solutions for FS and CE,respectively.Then,the ELMbased networks,named FS-NET and CE-NET,are cascaded to capture the NN solutions of FS and CE.Simulation and analysis results show that,compared with the conventional JFSCE methods,the proposed cascaded ELM-based JFSCE significantly reduces the error probability of FS and the normalized mean square error(NMSE)of CE,even against the impacts of parameter variations.

光纤法珀传感器的改进型相位生成载波法解调

为解决相位生成载波-反正切解调算法(PGC-Atan)的非线性失真问题,搭建了基于改进型PGC-Atan算法的非本征型法珀传感器(EFPI)解调系统。首先,理论分析了载波相位调制深度(C)偏离最优值、伴生调幅、载波相位延迟等非线性因素对经典PGC-Atan算法中参与反正切运算的正弦与余弦两路信号的影响。然后,针对外调制或伴生调幅较小的情况,提出了一种基于系数补偿的改进型PGC-Atan算法(PGC-CC-Atan)。该算法通过构造与C值和载波相位延迟有关的系数,消除反正切运算中的非线性参数。针对内调制情况,提出了一种基于椭圆拟合的改进型PGC-Atan算法(PGCEF-Atan)。该算法通过基于分块矩阵的最小二乘法拟合椭圆并提取3个椭圆参数,进而将受非线性因素影响的正弦与余弦两路信号校正为正交信号。最后,通过仿真验证了改进型算法的正确性,并采用高调制特性的垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)和常规腔长的EFPI等搭建PGC解调系统,对比经典PGC-Atan算法与两种改进型算法的解调性能,证实了改进型算法非线性失真抑制的有效性。实验结果表明:一定C值范围内,两种改进型算法可在非线性因素影响下有效解调。PGC-EF-Atan算法相较于PGC-CC-Atan算法,解调信纳比提升了11.602 dB,总谐波失真降低了10.951%。两种改进型算法中,PGC-EF-Atan算法对非线性失真的抑制效果更好,且解调线性度良好,准确度高。

面向激光测振应用的改进相位生成载波解调算法

为了解决相位生成载波解调方案应用于激光测振技术时,系统中存在的非线性失真问题,提出一种改进相位生成载波解调算法。该算法采用低频、大幅值的相位调制和迭代重加权椭圆特殊拟合对两路含有非线性误差的正交信号进行校正以抑制非线性失真。其中,低频相位调制由三角波信号驱动压电换能器生成,确保小信号情况下椭圆拟合结果的准确性。迭代重加权椭圆特殊拟合可以减小离群数据的影响并避免拟合结果退化为双曲线,具有精度高、鲁棒性好和计算效率高的优点。实验结果表明改进相位生成载波解调算法可以有效抑制激光测振实验系统的非线性失真,在不同相位调制深度(0.8~3.4 rad)下解调信号的信纳比和总谐波失真稳定,对应的标准差分别为0.55 dB和0.03%。系统的响应线性度优于99.99%,动态范围可达103.9 dB@500 Hz,总谐波失真为1%且工作频宽为20~8000 Hz。与传统相位生成载波解调方案相比,该算法不仅显著抑制了非线性失真,还克服了椭圆拟合算法在小信号下无法工作的缺点。

LED非线性幅度分解多项式预失真

【目的】作为光信号发生器,发光二极管(LED)在可见光通信(VLC)系统中的关键作用不可忽视。然而,LED的静态非线性和频率响应问题经常引发VLC系统的信号失真和性能下降,迫切需要寻找创新的补偿方法。基于此,文章提出了一种前瞻性的解决方案。【方法】文章采用预失真方法进行VLC系统的非线性估计和补偿。文章详细分析了当前已有的相关解决方案,并将焦点放在LED非线性建模上,提出了一种基于幅度分解多项式(AFP)的自适应预失真器,旨在有效地弥补LED的非线性。【结果】数值仿真表明,文章所提方案在误码率(BER)、幅度调制/幅度调制(AM/AM)矫正和星座图性能方面表现出色。相对于传统的记忆多项式,文章所提方法具备更高的建模精度,归一化均方误差性能降低了15 dB以上。【结论】文章证明了基于AFP的自适应预失真器作为LED非线性补偿的有效性,提高了VLC系统的性能,而且为解决LED的静态非线性和频率响应问题提供了可行的解决途径。

大幅面3D打印边缘能量均匀化畸变消除

在基于掩膜投影的CLIP型3D打印工艺中,通过平铺多台投影设备扩大成型幅面时,重叠区域像素亮度的叠加产生的光学接缝会导致模型实体在该处产生畸变,影响成型质量。针对该问题提出一种边缘能量均匀化方案,通过非线性衰减的方式设计一组对称灰度虚拟掩膜,与相邻设备的切分掩膜图像相融合,矫正重叠区域的紫外光强,使整个印刷平面获得均匀且统一的紫外曝光能。实际打印结果表明,该方案能够有效改善模型实体在光固化成型中切片薄层固化厚度不均和拼接处易断裂的问题,模型实体整体质量有明显提高。

面向工业机器人的非线性手眼标定方法研究

手眼标定是机器人视觉领域中的一个关键技术,主要包括眼在手上和眼在手外两种标定方式。标定的目的是得到相机坐标系与机器人坐标系之间的位姿关系,根据相机获取的图像重构三维场景,求出两个坐标系之间的转换参数,其结果将直接影响到机器人精准作业。受当前镜头工艺水平和机器误差限制,相机采集的图像存在非线性畸变,原有的手眼标定方法存在精确度不足的缺点。针对这个问题,文中提出面向工业机器人的非线性手眼标定方法,通过卷积原理使矩阵参数适应镜头下不同区域畸变的方法,减小相机镜头畸变影响。通过实验验证表明,该方法能够提高手眼标定结果的精确度,标定后的平均误差为0.4 mm,稳定性更强,可满足更多场景需求。

共线反射式二次谐波实验中二阶非线性极化率的定量测定

偏振二次谐波是一种广泛使用的对称性表征技术.然而,在共线反射式实验构型中,光路中必不可少的分束器会导致基频光和倍频光的偏振状态经透射或反射后发生改变,从而导致二次谐波信号的偏振态发生畸变,进而影响二阶非线性极化率的定量测定本文提出了一种基于菲涅尔系数的数据校正方法来解决这个问题,从而实现归一化二阶非线性极化率的定量测定,进一步通过理论模拟和实验证明了该方法的有效性和通用性.

车用氧传感器失效案例分析及微裂纹检测方法研究

为解决陶瓷片芯内部产生微裂纹而导致传感器总成失效的问题,研究分析了一种简单且无损检测陶瓷片芯微裂纹的方法,该方法利用酒精对陶瓷良好的浸润性,可填充到裂纹中间,利用酒精与空气电导率的差异,通过检测陶瓷片芯电流的变化快速判断片芯内部是否出现微裂纹;将该方法应用于某车型前氧传感器失效案例分析,采用光学显微镜和高精度CT进一步证明了微裂纹的产生及原因;结果表明,酒精检测法可准确判断陶瓷片芯内部产生微裂纹,裂纹产生的原因是加热器电压过高,内部热应力不均匀导致加热器电极与片芯主体脱离,进而导致片芯内部产生微裂纹。

永磁同步电机电流谐波自适应抑制策略

逆变器非线性、电机转子磁场畸变会使相电流中包含6k±1次谐波,从而导致电机产生转矩脉动,振动噪声,恶化电机的控制性能。针对上述问题,提出一种永磁同步电机电流谐波自适应抑制策略。首先对逆变器非线性和转子磁场畸变在相电流中引入谐波的产生原理进行了分析,设计电流谐波自适应控制器,提取相电流谐波并分离电流谐波正余弦分量的幅值,利用PI调节器对直流量的无静差跟踪能力,构造电流谐波幅值自适应控制器,生成补偿电压以抵消逆变器非线性、电机转子磁场畸变的不利影响,并给出了自适应控制器参数选取原则。最后通过仿真和实验验证所提电流谐波抑制策略的有效性。

简化Volterra级数的S模式信号失真恢复

机场场面多点定位利用S模式信号到达时间差实现目标定位。针对S模式信号易受接收系统内部非线性影响和机场场面复杂电磁干扰的问题,研究S模式信号失真恢复方法。根据S模式信号频谱特征和接收基站弱非线性记忆系统特征简化Volterra级数,降低计算量的同时满足Volterra级数关键核函数对S模式信号非线性失真表示能力,得到S模式信号失真恢复模型。仿真结果表明:3阶简化Volterra级数模型恢复15 dB和0 dB S模式信号前导脉冲的失真前波形,误差仅有2.23%和12.59%,且模型在典型运用环境下满足一定的适用性、抗干扰性和稳定性,为S模式信号到达时间戳的准确提取提供基础。

A NOVEL LOW DISTORTION HIGH LINEARITY CMOS BOOTSTRAPPED SWITCH

This paper proposes a novel low distortion high linearity CMOS bootstrapped switch, and the proposed switch can alleviate the nonlinear distortion of the on-resistance by eliminating first order signal-dependent variation of the overdrive voltage. Based on a 0.18 mm standard CMOS process, the simulation results show that at 100 MHz sampling clock frequency and 49 MHz input signal with 2Vpp, the proposed switch in differential mode has a Spurious-Free Dynamic Range(SFDR) of 90.1 dB.

Three-Dimensional Thermo-Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Method Modeling for Predicting Weld-Induced Residual Stresses and Distortions in Steel Stiffened-Plate Structures

The objective of the present paper is to develop nonlinear finite element method models for predicting the weld-induced initial deflection and residual stress of plating in steel stiffened-plate structures. For this purpose, three-dimensional thermo-elastic-plastic finite element method computations are performed with varying plate thickness and weld bead length (leg length) in welded plate panels, the latter being associated with weld heat input. The finite element models are verified by a comparison with experimental database which was obtained by the authors in separate studies with full scale measurements. It is concluded that the nonlinear finite element method models developed in the present paper are very accurate in terms of predicting the weld-induced initial imperfections of steel stiffened plate structures. Details of the numerical computations together with test database are documented.

Straight line feature based image distortion correction

An image distortion correction method is proposed, which uses the straight line features. Many parallel lines of different direction from different images were extracted, and then were used to optimize the distortion parameters by nonlinear least square. The thought of step by step was added when the optimization method working. 3D world coordination is not need to know, and the method is easy to implement. The experiment result shows its high accuracy.

Power System Harmonics Study for Unbalanced Microgrid System with PV Sources and Nonlinear Loads

Harmonics distortion is a crucial problem in microgrid. Harmonic sources can be categorized as two main factors: renewable energy integration and nonlinear loads. Both factors are investigated in this paper. For renewbale energy, photovoltaic (PV) power is one of the most effective solutions for energy crisis and it is showing great potential for serving customers in microgrid. A three- phase PV source model is establised and integrated at different locations in order to observe the impact of harmonics on a microgrid and power quality (PQ). A composite load is modeled using Crossed Frequency Admittance Matrix theory. A practicdal microgrid loacated at GA, USA is used as a study system. The microgrid, PV model and nonlinear load model are simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink environment. The results show the impact of installing PV sources at two types of locations considering linear and composite nonlinear loads. In addition, three PQ indices are discussed to show the numerical impacts with various perspectives.