AIM: To investigate the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the incidence of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP). METHODS: Two independent reviewers sea...AIM: To investigate the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the incidence of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP). METHODS: Two independent reviewers searched Pub Med (1966 to October 2013), Embase (1984 to October 2013) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; Issue 4, 2013) for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying the effectiveness of prophylactic NSAID administration in the prevention of PEP. Using the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook, meta-analyses were conducted to evaluate the overall effect of NSAIDs in preventing the incidences of PEP and moderate to severe pancreatitis. RESULTS: Eight RCTs were identified from the literature search and included 1883 patients that underwent ERCP, with 971 patients in the NSAID group and 912 patients in the placebo group. Sixty-nine out of 971 (7.11%) patients developed PEP in the NSAID group in comparison to 143 out of 912 (15.68%) patients in the placebo group. The pooled RR of PEP incidence with prophylactic NSAID administration was 0.43 (95%CI: 0.33-0.56), which demonstrates that NSAID administration after ERCP significantly reduced the incidence of PEP when compared to the placebo group (P < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis was performed and revealed that the presence (NSAID group) or absence (placebo group) of NSAIDs had no significant effect on the development of moderate to severe pancreatitis (RR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.52-1.18). Moreover, the administration of NSAIDs as a rectal suppository (RR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.26-0.48; P < 0.0001) was more effective than oral administration (RR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.53-1.80) or through infusion (RR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.12-1.54). CONCLUSION: NSAIDs effectively reduce the incidence of PEP but not of moderate to severe pancreatitis. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The role of prophylactic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reduction of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is debated. We performed a meta-analysis of ...BACKGROUND: The role of prophylactic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reduction of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is debated. We performed a meta-analysis of all published randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of NSAIDs in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis. DATA SOURCES: Searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Six randomized clinical trials that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and addressed the clinical questions of this analysis were further assessed. Data were extracted by two independent observers according to predetermined criteria. RESULTS: The risk of pancreatitis was lower in the NSAID group than in the placebo, group (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.65, P < 0.0001). Two hours after ERCP, prophylactic administration of NSAIDs was associated with a lower serum amylase level (WMD: -91.09,95% CI: -149.78 to -32.40, P=0.002), but there was no difference in mean 24-hour serum amylase values (WMD: -379.00, 95% CI: -805.75 to 47.76, P=0.08). No deaths or NSAID-related complications were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic administration of NSAIDs can reduce the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis; this administration in patients undergoing ERCP is recommended. Further randomized controlled trials are required before its introduction into routine care.展开更多
Previous reports clearly demonstrated that Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAID)or low dose aspirin(ASA)use significantly and independently increased the risk for the devel...Previous reports clearly demonstrated that Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAID)or low dose aspirin(ASA)use significantly and independently increased the risk for the development of peptic ulcer disease.Today,the presence of H.pylori infection associated with low dose ASA and/or NSAID use in the same patient is becoming more frequent and therefore the potential interaction between these factors and the consequences of it has important implications.Whether NSAID intake in the presence of H.pylori infection may further increase the risk of peptic ulcer carried by the presence of only one risk factor is still a matter of debate.Studies on the interaction between the two risk factors yielded conflicting data and no consensus has been reached in the last years.In addition,the interaction between H.pylori infection and low-dose ASA remains even more controversial.In real clinical practice,we can find different clinical scenarios involving these three factors associated with the presence of different gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risk factors.These huge variety of possible combinations greatly hinder the decision making process of physicians.展开更多
AIM: To determine the clinicopathological characteristics of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced acute hepato-nephrotoxicity among Chinese patients.
Increased risk due to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) therapy has been observed in patients. Although diaphragm-like stricture in the small bowel and colon induced by NSAIDs therapy has been rarely repor...Increased risk due to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) therapy has been observed in patients. Although diaphragm-like stricture in the small bowel and colon induced by NSAIDs therapy has been rarely reported, gastric body diaphragm-like stricture has not been reported. We describe the first case of gastric body diaphragm-like stricture due to NSAIDs in a 44-year-old male patient who was successfully treated by an endoscopic approach to avoid complicated surgery. This case highlights new insight into the disadvantages of NSAIDs and provides new data for future clinical studies.展开更多
Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) has a dramatic impact on patients’ health related quality of life (HRQoL). Chronic use of analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications for pain management may improve symptoms but on l...Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) has a dramatic impact on patients’ health related quality of life (HRQoL). Chronic use of analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications for pain management may improve symptoms but on long term may affect HRQoL negatively. The objective of the present study was to compare the impact of two different classes of analgesics, traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors on HRQoL among osteoarthritis patients using the SF-36 questionnaire. Methods: Clinic based cross-sectional study conducted at Al-Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), over a period of six months. Ethical Approval was obtained from the ethics committee at Al-Qassimi Clinical Research Center. Total of 200 osteoarthritis patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved in the study. Patients’ demographics were collected from their medical records. The Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire was used to measure patients’ HRQoL. SF-36 data were scored using health outcomes scoring software 4.5. Results: Mean age of the subjects was 62.19 ± 9.81 years with females constituting 151 (75.5%) of the patients. In general, females scored lower in most of the HRQoL domains compared to males and there was significant difference between the two groups in the mental health (p = 0.005) & mental component (p = 0.042) domains. Compared to selective COX-2 inhibitors, patients on NSAIDs scored higher on all domains of SF-36 except physical functioning. There was significant difference in mental health domain for patients treated with NSAIDs (p = 0.02). Celecoxib was only better than NSAIDs in osteoarthritis patients with more than one musculoskeletal disorders in the domain of bodily pain (p = 0.009). Conclusion: NSAIDs-treated patients did not differ significantly from celecoxib-treated patients in all domains of the SF-36 except for the mental health domain.展开更多
Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of dihydrofolate (DHF) to tetrahydrofolate (THF). Chemotherapy drugs such as methotrexate help to slow the progression of cancer by limiting the...Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of dihydrofolate (DHF) to tetrahydrofolate (THF). Chemotherapy drugs such as methotrexate help to slow the progression of cancer by limiting the ability of dividing cells to make nucleotides by competitively inhibiting DHFR. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been previously reported to exhibit competitive inhibition of DHFR, in addition to their primary action on cyclooxygenase enzymes. This interaction interferes with the enzymatic reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate, thereby impeding the folate metabolism pathway essential for nucleotide synthesis and cell proliferation. This activity stems from their structural resemblance to the p-aminobenzoyl-l-glutamate (pABG) moiety of folate, a substrate of DHFR. It has been established that NSAIDs containing a salicylate group (which has structural similarities to pABG), such as diflunisal, exhibit stronger DHFR-binding activity. In this study, we synthesized salicylate derivatives of naproxen with the aim of exploring their potential as inhibitors of DHFR. The interactions between these derivatives and human DHFR were characterized using a combination of biochemical, biophysical, and structural methods. Through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis, enzymatic assays, and quantitative ELISA, we investigated the binding affinity and inhibitory potency of the synthesized salicylate derivatives towards DHFR. The findings of this study suggest the potential of salicylate derivatives of naproxen as promising candidates for the inhibition of DHFR, thereby offering novel therapeutic opportunities for modulating the inflammatory process through multiple pathways. Further optimization of these derivatives could lead to the development of more efficacious dual-targeted analogs with enhanced therapeutic benefits.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the incidence of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP). METHODS: Two independent reviewers searched Pub Med (1966 to October 2013), Embase (1984 to October 2013) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; Issue 4, 2013) for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying the effectiveness of prophylactic NSAID administration in the prevention of PEP. Using the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook, meta-analyses were conducted to evaluate the overall effect of NSAIDs in preventing the incidences of PEP and moderate to severe pancreatitis. RESULTS: Eight RCTs were identified from the literature search and included 1883 patients that underwent ERCP, with 971 patients in the NSAID group and 912 patients in the placebo group. Sixty-nine out of 971 (7.11%) patients developed PEP in the NSAID group in comparison to 143 out of 912 (15.68%) patients in the placebo group. The pooled RR of PEP incidence with prophylactic NSAID administration was 0.43 (95%CI: 0.33-0.56), which demonstrates that NSAID administration after ERCP significantly reduced the incidence of PEP when compared to the placebo group (P < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis was performed and revealed that the presence (NSAID group) or absence (placebo group) of NSAIDs had no significant effect on the development of moderate to severe pancreatitis (RR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.52-1.18). Moreover, the administration of NSAIDs as a rectal suppository (RR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.26-0.48; P < 0.0001) was more effective than oral administration (RR = 0.97, 95%CI: 0.53-1.80) or through infusion (RR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.12-1.54). CONCLUSION: NSAIDs effectively reduce the incidence of PEP but not of moderate to severe pancreatitis. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
文摘BACKGROUND: The role of prophylactic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reduction of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is debated. We performed a meta-analysis of all published randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of NSAIDs in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis. DATA SOURCES: Searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Six randomized clinical trials that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and addressed the clinical questions of this analysis were further assessed. Data were extracted by two independent observers according to predetermined criteria. RESULTS: The risk of pancreatitis was lower in the NSAID group than in the placebo, group (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.65, P < 0.0001). Two hours after ERCP, prophylactic administration of NSAIDs was associated with a lower serum amylase level (WMD: -91.09,95% CI: -149.78 to -32.40, P=0.002), but there was no difference in mean 24-hour serum amylase values (WMD: -379.00, 95% CI: -805.75 to 47.76, P=0.08). No deaths or NSAID-related complications were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic administration of NSAIDs can reduce the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis; this administration in patients undergoing ERCP is recommended. Further randomized controlled trials are required before its introduction into routine care.
文摘Previous reports clearly demonstrated that Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAID)or low dose aspirin(ASA)use significantly and independently increased the risk for the development of peptic ulcer disease.Today,the presence of H.pylori infection associated with low dose ASA and/or NSAID use in the same patient is becoming more frequent and therefore the potential interaction between these factors and the consequences of it has important implications.Whether NSAID intake in the presence of H.pylori infection may further increase the risk of peptic ulcer carried by the presence of only one risk factor is still a matter of debate.Studies on the interaction between the two risk factors yielded conflicting data and no consensus has been reached in the last years.In addition,the interaction between H.pylori infection and low-dose ASA remains even more controversial.In real clinical practice,we can find different clinical scenarios involving these three factors associated with the presence of different gastrointestinal and cardiovascular risk factors.These huge variety of possible combinations greatly hinder the decision making process of physicians.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81200535China-Japan Friendship Hospital Youth Science and Technology Excellence Project,No.2014-QNYC-A-01
文摘AIM: To determine the clinicopathological characteristics of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced acute hepato-nephrotoxicity among Chinese patients.
文摘Increased risk due to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) therapy has been observed in patients. Although diaphragm-like stricture in the small bowel and colon induced by NSAIDs therapy has been rarely reported, gastric body diaphragm-like stricture has not been reported. We describe the first case of gastric body diaphragm-like stricture due to NSAIDs in a 44-year-old male patient who was successfully treated by an endoscopic approach to avoid complicated surgery. This case highlights new insight into the disadvantages of NSAIDs and provides new data for future clinical studies.
文摘Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) has a dramatic impact on patients’ health related quality of life (HRQoL). Chronic use of analgesics and anti-inflammatory medications for pain management may improve symptoms but on long term may affect HRQoL negatively. The objective of the present study was to compare the impact of two different classes of analgesics, traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors on HRQoL among osteoarthritis patients using the SF-36 questionnaire. Methods: Clinic based cross-sectional study conducted at Al-Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), over a period of six months. Ethical Approval was obtained from the ethics committee at Al-Qassimi Clinical Research Center. Total of 200 osteoarthritis patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved in the study. Patients’ demographics were collected from their medical records. The Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire was used to measure patients’ HRQoL. SF-36 data were scored using health outcomes scoring software 4.5. Results: Mean age of the subjects was 62.19 ± 9.81 years with females constituting 151 (75.5%) of the patients. In general, females scored lower in most of the HRQoL domains compared to males and there was significant difference between the two groups in the mental health (p = 0.005) & mental component (p = 0.042) domains. Compared to selective COX-2 inhibitors, patients on NSAIDs scored higher on all domains of SF-36 except physical functioning. There was significant difference in mental health domain for patients treated with NSAIDs (p = 0.02). Celecoxib was only better than NSAIDs in osteoarthritis patients with more than one musculoskeletal disorders in the domain of bodily pain (p = 0.009). Conclusion: NSAIDs-treated patients did not differ significantly from celecoxib-treated patients in all domains of the SF-36 except for the mental health domain.
文摘Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of dihydrofolate (DHF) to tetrahydrofolate (THF). Chemotherapy drugs such as methotrexate help to slow the progression of cancer by limiting the ability of dividing cells to make nucleotides by competitively inhibiting DHFR. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been previously reported to exhibit competitive inhibition of DHFR, in addition to their primary action on cyclooxygenase enzymes. This interaction interferes with the enzymatic reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate, thereby impeding the folate metabolism pathway essential for nucleotide synthesis and cell proliferation. This activity stems from their structural resemblance to the p-aminobenzoyl-l-glutamate (pABG) moiety of folate, a substrate of DHFR. It has been established that NSAIDs containing a salicylate group (which has structural similarities to pABG), such as diflunisal, exhibit stronger DHFR-binding activity. In this study, we synthesized salicylate derivatives of naproxen with the aim of exploring their potential as inhibitors of DHFR. The interactions between these derivatives and human DHFR were characterized using a combination of biochemical, biophysical, and structural methods. Through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis, enzymatic assays, and quantitative ELISA, we investigated the binding affinity and inhibitory potency of the synthesized salicylate derivatives towards DHFR. The findings of this study suggest the potential of salicylate derivatives of naproxen as promising candidates for the inhibition of DHFR, thereby offering novel therapeutic opportunities for modulating the inflammatory process through multiple pathways. Further optimization of these derivatives could lead to the development of more efficacious dual-targeted analogs with enhanced therapeutic benefits.
