An Analysis of Emily’s Image in The Easter Parade-Awakening and Dilemma

The Easter Parade is a masterpiece by Richard Yates,which was published in 1976.The image of Emily,the heroine of the book,can be regarded as an iconic figure of early feminists in America.The aim of this paper is to explore Richard Yates’view of feminism,through analyzing the image of Emily in the book,and to understand the pursuits and dilemmas of feminists.Emily,as a woman in patriarchal society,who has always struggled independently on her own and fights against her fate,ends up in failure.Sarah,a typical image of“the other”who is dependent on men,eventually dies a tragic death.In front of the cruel and unpredictable fate,whether women have the sense of resistance or not,it seems that life always points to tragedy.Emily’s path of awakening is accompanied by real-life dilemmas,which is the epitome of every feminist’s experience.

Arctic Sea Ice Decline Intensified Haze Pollution in Eastern China

Air quality in eastern China has becoming more and more worrying in recent years, and haze is now No.1 air pollution issue. Results in this study show the decreasing Arctic sea ice(ASI) is an important contributor to the recent increased haze days in eastern China. The authors find that the number of winter haze days(WHD) in eastern China is strongly negatively correlated with the preceding autumn ASI during 1979–2012, and about 45%– 67% of the WHD interannual to interdecadal variability can be explained by ASI variability. Following previous studies on the impact of ASI loss on the northern hemisphere climate, the authors' studies further reveal that the reduction of autumn ASI leads to positive sea-level pressure anomalies in mid-latitude Eurasia, northward shift of track of cyclone activity in China, and weak Rossby wave activity in eastern China south of 40N during winter season. These atmospheric circulation changes favor less cyclone activity and more stable atmosphere in eastern China, leading to more haze days there. Furthermore, the patterns of circulation changes associated with autumn ASI and WHD are in very good agreement over the East Asia, particularly in eastern China. The authors suggest that haze pollution may continue to be a serious issue in the near future as the decline of ASI continues under global warming.

How Much Do You Know about Easter?

1.Easter is a Christian feast that the resurrection of Jesus Christ. a.commemorate b.commemorates C.will commemorate d.has to commemorate 2.It is one of holy days in the calendar of Christian churches. a.most b.the more e.more d.the most 3.Easter symbolizes God's promise that soul is immortal. a.man b.men c.man's d.mans' 4.Easter was a pagan festival. a.original b.

Climatic Study on the Summer Tropical Easterly Jet at 200 hPa

The low latitude easterlies at 200 hPa in summer (May-October) is analysed climatically during the 13-year period from 1968 to 1980, with a special emphasis on the relationships between the anomalous tropical easterly jet Stream over South Asia and the low latitude atmospheric circulation, and also the summer monsoon precipitation in India. The compositing analysis shows that the tropical easterly jet stream over South Asia has five anomalous patterns at 200 hPa i.e. the western pattern, middle pattern, eastern pattern, two-branch pattern and multi-core pattern. Evidence has shown that the precipitaion in India anomalously increased during the anomalous period of the western pattern and the middle pattern, but reverse case is true in the eastern pattern. Some different anomalies of the precipitation in different area of India were found during the other two anomalous pattern.

Impact of the Western Pacific Tropical Easterly Jet on Tropical Cyclone Genesis Frequency over the Western North Pacific

Although it is well known that the tropical easterly jet(TEJ)has a significant impact on summer weather and climate over India and Africa,whether the TEJ exerts an important impact on tropical cyclone(TC)activity over the western North Pacific(WNP)remains unknown.In this study,we examined the impact of the TEJ on the interannual variability of TC genesis frequency over the WNP in the TC season(June-September)during 1980-2020.The results show a significant positive correlation between TC genesis frequency over the WNP and the jet intensity in the entrance region of the TEJ over the tropical western Pacific(in brief WP_TEJ),with a correlation coefficient as high as 0.66.The intensified WP_TEJ results in strong ageostrophic northerly winds in the entrance region and thus upper-level divergence to the north of the jet axis over the main TC genesis region in the WNP.This would lead to an increase in upward motion in the troposphere with enhanced low-level convergence,which are the most important factors to the increases in low-level vorticity,mid-level humidity and low-level eddy kinetic energy,and the decreases in sea level pressure and vertical wind shear in the region.All these changes are favorable for TC genesis over the WNP and vice versa.Further analyses indicate that the interannual variability of the WP_TEJ intensity is likely to be linked to the local diabatic heating over the Indian Ocean-western Pacific and the central Pacific El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation.

THERMAL FORCING IMPACTS OF THE EASTERLY VORTEX ON THE EAST-WEST SHIFT OF THE SUBTROPICAL ANTICYCLONE OVER WESTERN PACIFIC OCEAN

By employing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets(1 000 to 10 hPa,2.5°× 2.5°),the thermal forcing impacts are analyzed of an easterly vortex(shortened as EV) over the tropical upper troposphere on the quasi-horizontal movement of the Western Pacific Subtropical Anticyclone(shortened as WPS A) during 22-25 June 2003.The relevant mechanisms are discussed as well.It is shown that the distribution and intensity of the non-adiabatic effect near the EV result in the anomalous eastward retreat of the WPSA.The WPSA prefers extending to the colder region,i.e.,it moves toward the region in which the non-adiabatic heating is weakening or the cooling is strengthening.During the WPSA retreat,the apparent changes of non-adiabatic heating illustrate the characteristics of enhanced cooling in the east side of the EV.Meanwhile,the cooling in the west side exhibits a weakened eastward trend,most prominently at 300 hPa in the troposphere.The evidence on the factors causing the change in thermal condition is found:the most important contribution to the heating-rate trend is the vertical transport term,followed in turn by the local change in the heating rate term and the horizontal advection term.As a result,the atmospheric non-adiabatic heating generated by the vertical transport and local change discussed above is mainly connected to the retreat of the WPSA.

Mean Kinematic Characteristics of Synoptic Easterly Disturbances over the Atlantic

This study investigates the mean kinematic characteristics of the tropical Atlantic easterly disturbances in January-March （JFM）, April-June （AM J）, July-September （JAS） and October-December （OND） from 1968-1998. For each season, the preferential tracks of these disturbances in the 3--10-day band periods were computed and spatialized, as well as their associated wavelength, velocity and main period, which lies between 3-5 days and between 6-9 days depending on the track and the season. Two main tracks are highlighted over the Atlantic Ocean. During OND and JFM these two tracks are well separated and located in each hemisphere around 15°S and 12.5°N. From AMJ to JAS these tracks migrate northward; in JAS, they merge into one over the northern tropical Atlantic along 17.5°N. The associated wavelength fields exhibit a meridional gradient, with large wavelengths （greater than 4000 km） around the equator, between 5°N and 5°S, and smaller wavelengths outside of this latitude band （between 2500-3500 kin）. The phase speed is also found to exhibit poleward decreasing values from 12-6 m s^-1. Over the north Atlantic track, 6-9-day disturbances were found to occur from January to May and approximately from October to December. From June to September, the 3-5-day waves dominate the synoptic activity. Over the south Atlantic track, between May and August the synoptic variability is mainly explained by the 3-5-day disturbances but from January to April and from September to December both 3-5-day waves and 6-9-day waves can occur.

Characteristics of Soliton with Dynamic Constraints on its Existence/Propagation in Tropical Easterly Wave

The study concerns the propagation of easterly wave (EW) at tropics as west-moving soliton more steady both in ionn and velocity as evidenced in the dynamic framework.Under the impact of different circulation patterns over the regions of western Pacific trade wind,South-Asia monsoon and their transition,such a soliton becomes tapering off during its westward movement and degrading to a common dispersive wave on the whole,followed by dismtegra-non when striking the South-China Sea monsoon segment,thereby indicating that the sea sector is inaccessible to the soliton When no monsoon trough is present over the South Asian monsoon area around 30癗 or the monsoon depression ]S shallow,it is likely to have west-travelling soliton,which suggests the incursion of the EW into the South-Asian monsoon region.

Analysis on an Easterly Wave Thunderstorm and Gale Weather during the Latter Flood Season of 2010

[Objective] The research aimed to analyze an easterly wave thunderstorm and gale weather during the latter flood season of 2010.[Method] Based on conventional observation data,data of automatic station,NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data,Doppler radar reflectivity and radial velocity data,the easterly wave thunderstorm and gale weather process which happened during 4-5 August,2010 was analyzed.The circulation situation,wind field and dynamic & thermal structures of easterly wave,echo characteristics of Doppler radar when thunderstorm and gale happened were studied.[Result] The thunderstorm and gale weather happened in the northeaster zone in front of the deep thick easterly wave trough.When thunderstorm and gale weather happened,position of the subtropical high was by north(ridge line was at 35° N).Eastward movement of the north branch of trough compelled subtropical high splitting into east and west circles.Westward extension of the east subtropical high and saddle-type field circulation were favorable for generation and development of the easterly wave.As development and westward movement of the easterly wave,in the influence zone in front of the trough,upper easterly component transmitted downward.Then,low-level northeaster obviously strengthened,and thunderstorm and gale weather appeared.In the zone where thunderstorm and gale happened,airflow had cyclonic convergence at the middle and low layers and anti-cyclonic divergence near the ground layer.Subsidence movement was obvious.Moreover,thermal force structure that it tended to be dry and cold at the middle and high layers,warm and wet at the low layer existed.Supercell storm was at the developed stage on 4th.It had obvious mesocyclone and hooked echo characteristics(meso-and small-scale characteristics).Characteristics of the squall line,gale region and adverse wind region appeared in central west Guangdong on 5th.Doppler characteristics of the mesocyclone,hooked echo,squall line,gale region and adverse wind region had indication significance for short-imminent forecast of the thunderstorm and gale.[Conclusion] This research revealed some information which had significance for forecasting local easterly wave thunderstorm and gale weather.

Cause Analysis of a Double-cyclone Type of Rainstorm Process with Easterly Wave

On the basis of comprehensive analysis on weather background and main influencing system of rainstorm formation,using NCEP reanalysis data,rainfall data of Shaoyang ground regional automatic station,a new generation of Doppler weather radar product information,etc.,high-altitude weather situation and physical formation mechanism of local double-cyclone type of rainstorm process with easterly wave in Shaoyang area on August 14,2016 were analyzed in detail,to find out prophase signal features which had indicating significance for rainstorm forecast. The results showed that:(1) the position of zonal subtropical high pressure in east-west direction was the necessary condition for the formation of easterly wave.(2) The rainstorm formation was closely related to double tropical depressions acting in the south of subtropical high pressure,and westward movement of easterly wave over 500 hPa and low-pressure inverted trough at low layer were main impact systems of the rainstorm.(3) Continuous flow of water vapor from the South China Sea to northwest was the source of water vapor required by this rainstorm.(4) Numerical prediction model products had certain guiding significance for forecasting the heavy precipitation,with important reference value.(5) Doppler radar products had strong forecasting ability in the nowcasting of rainstorm falling zone,which was an important measure of correcting forecast errors.

An Easterly Wave Generated Heavy Rainfall Event over South India—A Case Study

Easterly waves are one of the rain-bearing systems of northeast monsoon and produce massive rainfall events over south India. In the present case study, an attempt is made to identify extreme heavy rainfall event over south India on 26th October, 2006 due to the passage of the easterly wave. Satellite images provide an inverted v-shape easterly wave. Next, circulation features at different levels clearly indicate the location, movement and speed of the easterly wave. Strong north-easterlies with a magnitude of 9.9 m/s are maintained at the surface. The convergence is mainly occupied between 12°N - 16°N, while the divergence is 5°N - 12°N on 26th October, 2006 at the surface level. On 25th, easterly wave is advected north of trough with a magnitude of 0.2 m/s and increased during the remaining days. There are two divergence cells along 5°N and 16°N before and after the event at 700 hPa level. Thus this study helps to bring out the essential characteristics of the easterly wave during northeast monsoon. The highlight of this study is that the easterly wave creates floods in the absence of tropical cyclones over south India.

The effects of the intertropical convergence zone on the easterly jet stream during Northern summer

In this paper, a strong 1TCZ process and an 1TCZ - absent process during FGGE in 1979 were selected for comparison to explore how they were subject to the influence of the evolution of the upper easterly jets.

复活节习俗——Hunting for Easter Eggs(英文)

Many children in America enjoy hunting forEaster eggs.Easter is a celebration associated withthe Christian religion,but Easter eggs go back toancient festivals that celebrate the coming of

基于Easter EGG算法的软件水印实现

随着软件产业的迅速发展,软件版权的保护已成为亟待解决的问题。分析了软件版权保护的重要性和必要性,给出了软件水印模型,介绍了DM软件水印算法和Easter EGG软件水印算法,借鉴了DM软件水印算法中水印信息预处理方法,同时借鉴了Easter EGG软件水印算法,给出了一种软件水印实现的方法,并对实现的结果做了分析。

A Case Study of Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions during the Passage of an Extra-Tropical Cyclone in the Vicinity of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina

The authors document the interaction of the atmosphere and ocean during the formation and passage of an Extra-Tropical Cyclone, which is a Nor-Easter, winter storm that formed in the southern apex of the Middle Atlantic Bight near Cape Hatteras North Carolina, between February 15 and 18, 1996. While Nor-Easters per se, which have formed along the Atlantic Eastern Seaboard of the United States have been studied for decades, the actual atmospheric-oceanic mechanics and thermodynamics in the formation of a Nor-Easter has never been documented. We report on having done so with in-situ observations and data-based calculations and a numerical model. The in-situ observations were made via a Control Volume consisting of an array of Eulerian Oceanic-Atmospheric Moorings with current meters, temperature and salinity sensors and meteorological towers. We find that Gulf Stream waters were located surrounding the mooring array, and that with the invasion of cold dry atmospheric air, there was a rapid loss of heat from the ocean to the atmosphere via latent and sensible surface heat flux during the cyclogenesis onset of the storm. A unique feature of this storm was that neither satellite nor buoy data showed significant sea surface cooling in the control volume. The findings indicate that storm winds drove warm saline waters from the Gulf Stream across the continental shelf into the control volume, accounting for a 51 cm rise in water level along the coast. This lateral heat advection provided heat to the control volume of 3.4e+18 Joules. On average, the heat loss at the surface of the control volume, via sensible and latent heat fluxes and radiation, was 0.7e+18 Joules, corresponding to a surface heat flux of -600 Watts per Meter2 (W/m2). However, the heat lost by the control volume as latent and sensible heat fluxes was less than the heat it received via lateral heat advection, resulting in the lack of an often-observed sea surface cooling during other winter storms. The serendipitous and detailed observations and calculations reveal a climatological flywheel in this region, documenting the role of ETCs in the global heat balance.

Bias Analysis in the Simulation of the Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Characteristics by Two High-Resolution Global Atmospheric Models

This study compares the atmosphere-only HighResMIP simulations from FGOALS-f3-H(FGOALS)and MRIAGCM3-2-S(MRI)with respect to tropical cyclone(TC)characteristics over the Western North Pacific(WNP)for the July-October months of 1985-2014.The focus is on investigating the role of the tropical easterly jet over the Western Pacific(WP_TEJ)in modulating the simulation biases in terms of their climatological distribution and interannual variability of WNP TC genesis frequency(TCGF)based on the analysis of the genesis potential index(GPI).Results show that the two models reasonably capture the main TC genesis location,the maximum center of frequency,and track density;however,their biases mainly lie in simulating the intense TCs and TCGF distributions.The MRI better simulates the windpressure relationship(WPR)but overestimates the proportion of super typhoons(SSTYs).At the same time,FGOALS underestimates the WPR and the proportion of SSTYs but better simulates the total WNP TC precipitation.In particular,FGOALS overestimates the TCGF in the northeastern WNP,which is strongly tied to an overestimated WP_TEJ and the enhanced vertical circulation to the north of its entrance region.In contrast,the MRI simulates a weaker WP_TEJ and vertical circulation,leading to a negative TCGF bias in most of the WNP.Both models exhibit comparable capability in simulating the interannual variability of WP_TEJ intensity,but the composite difference of large-scale atmospheric factors between strong and weak WP_TEJ years is overestimated,resulting in larger interannual anomalies of WNP TCGF,especially for FGOALS.Therefore,accurate simulations of the WP_TEJ and the associated oceanic and atmospheric factors are crucial to further improving WNP TC simulations for both models.

Contrasting Regional Responses of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall to Exhausted Spring and Concurrently Emerging Summer El Nino Events

The inverse relationship between the warm phase of the El Nino Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall(ISMR)is well established.Yet,some El Nino events that occur in the early months of the year(boreal spring)transform into a neutral phase before the start of summer,whereas others begin in the boreal summer and persist in a positive phase throughout the summer monsoon season.This study investigates the distinct influences of an exhausted spring El Nino(springtime)and emerging summer El Nino(summertime)on the regional variability of ISMR.The two ENSO categories were formulated based on the time of occurrence of positive SST anomalies over the Nino-3.4 region in the Pacific.The ISMR’s dynamical and thermodynamical responses to such events were investigated using standard metrics such as the Walker and Hadley circulations,vertically integrated moisture flux convergence(VIMFC),wind shear,and upper atmospheric circulation.The monsoon circulation features are remarkably different in response to the exhausted spring El Nino and emerging summer El Nino phases,which distinctly dictate regional rainfall variability.The dynamic and thermodynamic responses reveal that exhausted spring El Nino events favor excess monsoon rainfall over eastern peninsular India and deficit rainfall over the core monsoon regions of central India.In contrast,emerging summer El Nino events negatively impact the seasonal rainfall over the country,except for a few regions along the west coast and northeast India.

Analysis of Rainstorm Process in South China from September 7 to 8, 2022

Based on the NCEP data of the United States, a rainstorm process in South China during September 7 to 8, 2022 was studied. Synoptic method is a qualitative and empirical forecasting method. The results show that: In early September 2022, the cold air behind the trough line from northeast China to North China can directly drive southward and invade South China from the east road. Typhoon Hinnamnor is located in the saddle field between the mainland subtropical high and the offshore subtropical high. It moves northward on the west side of the coastal subtropical high, affecting the Taiwan Island and the coastal areas of East China. During September 7-8, the wave trough of the 925 hPa Easterly wave was located near 110°E. Easterly jet existed in the southeast of South China. The center of the easterly jet was located to the east of Hainan Island, which could transport abundant water vapor from the sea surface to the sky over South China. The precipitable water in the whole layer of the atmosphere decreased from the southern coastal areas to the north, reaching more than 50 mm in southern China, of which most of the South China Sea, Hainan Island and parts of the western part of Guangdong Province exceeded 60 mm, providing sufficient water vapor supply. The circulation field with convergence at low level and divergence at high level is conducive to vertical uplift to form precipitation.