Biomechanical modeling for the response of human thorax to blast waves

A simplified finite element model of a human thorax had been developed for probing into the mechani- cal response in simple and complex blast environments. The human thorax model was first created by CT images with blast loading applied via a coupled arbitrary Lagrangian- Eulerian method, allowing for a variety of loads to be considered. The goal is to analyze the maximum stress distri- butions of lung tissue and peak inward thorax wall velocity and to know the possible regions and levels of lung injury. In parallel, a mathematical model has been modified from the Lobdell model to investigate the detailed percentage of lung injury at each level. The blast loadings around the human tho- rax were obtained from the finite element model, and were then applied in the mathematical model as the boundary con- ditions to predict the normalized work of the human thorax lung. The present results are found in agreement with the modified Bowen curves and the results predicted by Axels- son＇s model.

健康儿童胸廓CT各径线测量研究

目的测量5~16岁健康儿童胸部CT横径和前后径数据,为胸壁畸形程度判断及矫正效果评估提供依据。方法随机选取2019-01—2019-10间在郑州大学第一附属医院行CT检查的5~16岁健康儿童。每个年龄段50人,男女各25人。分别测量每位儿童胸部CT横断面上第3~12胸椎平面胸廓最大横径及前后径,了解胸廓的变化情况并分析各测量值与年龄及性别间的关系。结果各测量指标与年龄呈正相关(横径相关系数0.89~0.94,前后径相关系数0.40~0.79,P<0.05)。男性儿童胸廓中下部前后径在青春期后大于女性儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。横径与前后径比值在性别间差异无统计学意义。结论正常儿童胸廓径线随年龄增长而增长,前后径及横径在不同性别间存在差异。基于CT影像获取健康儿童胸廓径线参数,可全面、整体了解胸廓生长发育情况,为胸廓畸形矫正效果的评估及生物力学研究提供帮助。