Under the background of global warming, summer （JJA） low temperature events in Northeast China had not occurred for about 15 yr since 1994, but one such event took place in 2009. By using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis da...Under the background of global warming, summer （JJA） low temperature events in Northeast China had not occurred for about 15 yr since 1994, but one such event took place in 2009. By using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the 100-yr station temperature data at Harbin and Changchun, and the Hadley Center sea surface temperature （SST） data, this paper intends to reveal the cause, circulation background, and influencing factors of this event. Analysis of both horizontal and vertical circulations of a low-value system over Northeast China in summer 2009 during the low temperature event shows that anomalous activities of the Northeast China cold vortex （NECV） played the most direct role. A decadal cooling trend of - 0.8℃ （10 yr）-1 over 1999-2008 at Changchun and Harbin was found, which is obviously out-of-phase with the linear warming trend （0.2℃ （10 yr）-1） over 1961-2000 for Northeast China in response to the global warming. The previous winter North Pacific polar vortex （NPPV） area index, significantly positively related to the observed summer temperatures of Harbin and Changchun, was also in a significantly declining tendency. These provide favorable decadal backgrounds for the 2009 low temperature event. Different from the average anomaly field of 500-hPa height for summer 1994-2008 in Northeast China, in the summer of 2009, the Arctic Oscillation （AO） showed a strong negative phase distribution, and significant negative height anomalies dominated Northeast Asia, Aleutian Islands, and North Atlantic. Furthermore, the negative phase of North Pacific Oscillation （NPO） in the winter of 2008 was obviously strong, and it maintained in the spring of 2009. Meanwhile, the SSTA in the equatorial eastern-central Pacific Ocean in the winter of 2008 showed a La Nina phase, but the strength of the La Nina weakened obviously in the spring of 2009. The abnormally strong activities of NECV in June and July of 2009 were related to the disturbances of stationary waves that replaced the original ultra-long waves over the North Pacific region in April and May 2009. The singular value decomposition （SVD） and harmonic analysis results suggest that the anomalous phase of NPO is an important precursor for summer temperature variations over Northeast China, and also a stable planetary-scale component that can be extracted from the atmospheric circulation in addition to the chaotic components on the synoptic scale.展开更多
利用本溪地区2014年3月3—4日降水天气过程中的地面加密自动站资料、常规探空资料及T639、日本、欧洲数值产品输出资料对此次大到暴雪过程进行了分析。通过环流背景分析及物理量场诊断分析,揭示了大尺度环流背景、高低空急流、地面气旋...利用本溪地区2014年3月3—4日降水天气过程中的地面加密自动站资料、常规探空资料及T639、日本、欧洲数值产品输出资料对此次大到暴雪过程进行了分析。通过环流背景分析及物理量场诊断分析,揭示了大尺度环流背景、高低空急流、地面气旋的演变等对此次大到暴雪过程的影响。结果表明,此次大到暴雪过程是大尺度环流背景下产生的,东北冷涡与乌拉尔山高压脊的稳定与发展,有利于冷空气持续南下,使辽宁西部低值系统建立和发展,为本溪地区的大雪到暴雪天气提供了有力的环流背景;本溪地区3月降水相态主要包括雪、雨夹雪和雨,在降水的预报中根据850 h Pa、925 h Pa、地面温度以及0℃层高度可以作出降水相态的预判;在低空急流的影响下,暖湿西南气流沿低空急流倾斜上升,与高层冷空气形成下暖湿、上干冷的大气不稳定层,低空急流作为低层能量和水汽的集中输送带对此次大到暴雪过程的产生和维持起到重要作用;切变线、高低空急流及地面倒槽的共同影响,为此次大雪到暴雪天气提供有力的动力条件。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41175083,41275096,and40705036)National Science and Technology Support Program of China(2009BAC51B04 and 2007BAC29B01)China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY 20106020 and 201106016)
文摘Under the background of global warming, summer （JJA） low temperature events in Northeast China had not occurred for about 15 yr since 1994, but one such event took place in 2009. By using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the 100-yr station temperature data at Harbin and Changchun, and the Hadley Center sea surface temperature （SST） data, this paper intends to reveal the cause, circulation background, and influencing factors of this event. Analysis of both horizontal and vertical circulations of a low-value system over Northeast China in summer 2009 during the low temperature event shows that anomalous activities of the Northeast China cold vortex （NECV） played the most direct role. A decadal cooling trend of - 0.8℃ （10 yr）-1 over 1999-2008 at Changchun and Harbin was found, which is obviously out-of-phase with the linear warming trend （0.2℃ （10 yr）-1） over 1961-2000 for Northeast China in response to the global warming. The previous winter North Pacific polar vortex （NPPV） area index, significantly positively related to the observed summer temperatures of Harbin and Changchun, was also in a significantly declining tendency. These provide favorable decadal backgrounds for the 2009 low temperature event. Different from the average anomaly field of 500-hPa height for summer 1994-2008 in Northeast China, in the summer of 2009, the Arctic Oscillation （AO） showed a strong negative phase distribution, and significant negative height anomalies dominated Northeast Asia, Aleutian Islands, and North Atlantic. Furthermore, the negative phase of North Pacific Oscillation （NPO） in the winter of 2008 was obviously strong, and it maintained in the spring of 2009. Meanwhile, the SSTA in the equatorial eastern-central Pacific Ocean in the winter of 2008 showed a La Nina phase, but the strength of the La Nina weakened obviously in the spring of 2009. The abnormally strong activities of NECV in June and July of 2009 were related to the disturbances of stationary waves that replaced the original ultra-long waves over the North Pacific region in April and May 2009. The singular value decomposition （SVD） and harmonic analysis results suggest that the anomalous phase of NPO is an important precursor for summer temperature variations over Northeast China, and also a stable planetary-scale component that can be extracted from the atmospheric circulation in addition to the chaotic components on the synoptic scale.
文摘利用本溪地区2014年3月3—4日降水天气过程中的地面加密自动站资料、常规探空资料及T639、日本、欧洲数值产品输出资料对此次大到暴雪过程进行了分析。通过环流背景分析及物理量场诊断分析,揭示了大尺度环流背景、高低空急流、地面气旋的演变等对此次大到暴雪过程的影响。结果表明,此次大到暴雪过程是大尺度环流背景下产生的,东北冷涡与乌拉尔山高压脊的稳定与发展,有利于冷空气持续南下,使辽宁西部低值系统建立和发展,为本溪地区的大雪到暴雪天气提供了有力的环流背景;本溪地区3月降水相态主要包括雪、雨夹雪和雨,在降水的预报中根据850 h Pa、925 h Pa、地面温度以及0℃层高度可以作出降水相态的预判;在低空急流的影响下,暖湿西南气流沿低空急流倾斜上升,与高层冷空气形成下暖湿、上干冷的大气不稳定层,低空急流作为低层能量和水汽的集中输送带对此次大到暴雪过程的产生和维持起到重要作用;切变线、高低空急流及地面倒槽的共同影响,为此次大雪到暴雪天气提供有力的动力条件。
