Delirium Severity and Correlates among Medical Inpatients Admitted through Accident and Emergency Unit of Jos University Teaching Hospital

Background: Delirium is one of the most common medical emergencies and is associated with poor outcomes including: mortality, prolonged length of stay and poor functional outcome. The more severe delirium is the worst the clinical outcomes of medical illness. Despite the obvious, not much has been documented on delirium severity and its associated factors among medical inpatients in low income countries including Nigeria. Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the severity of delirium among medical inpatients admitted through the Accident and Emergency unit of Jos University Teaching Hospital as well as to assess its associated Sociodemographic and Clinical characteristics. Method: This was a cross-sectional study that employed a consecutive sampling technique to select 290 eligible subjects from medical inpatients that presented to Accident and Emergency unit of Jos University Teaching Hospital. On admission, patients were assessed for delirium using Confusion Assessment Method and severity of delirium was evaluated using Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98. Results: Of the 105 delirious medical inpatients, 48 (45.7%) had severe delirium, 41 (39.1%) developed less severe delirium while 16 (15.2) presented with no severe delirium. Sociodemographic characteristics found to be significantly associated with less to more severe delirium include male gender (P = 0.001), nonprofessionals (P = 0.003), income range of N20,000 - N49,000 (P Conclusion: This study demonstrates that delirium is often associated with higher severity in Accident and Emergency unit admission and there are strongly associated clinical characteristics to watch out for in high risk medical inpatients.

On the Parliament Participation in the Universal Periodic Review of the United Nations Human Rights

Whether, and if so how, parliaments should participate in the Universal Periodic Review mechanism of the UN Human Rights Council is emerging. Due to their unique contributions to human rights protection and promotion, parliaments should participate in the process. Furthermore, some parliaments are already involved in this mechanism, including drafting national reports, engaging in interactive dialogues, and the implementation of review recommendations. In the past two rounds of reviews, China’s National People’s Congress has a positive record in this regard, but it should play a more active role in ratifying or acceding to international human rights conventions.

Human Rights NGOs and the United Nations Human Rights Council——Participation by the China Society for Human Rights Studies in the Universal Periodic Review Mechanism

Since its founding in 1993, the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS） has extensively participated inthe human rights work of the United Nations （UN） and has actively carried out international exchange and cooperation. In May 2012, the UN Human Rights Council （UNHRC） initiated the second round of country reviews on human rights.

A universal thermodynamic model of calculating mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in aqueous solutions and its applications in binary and ternary aqueous solutions

A universal thermodynamic model of calculating mass action concentrations for structural units or ion couples in ternary and binary strong electrolyte aqueous solution was developed based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory and verified in four kinds of binary aqueous solutions and two kinds of ternary aqueous solutions. The calculated mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples in four binary aqueous solutions and two ternary solutions at 298.15 K have good agreement with the reported activity data from literatures after shifting the standard state and concentration unit. Therefore, the calculated mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples from the developed universal thermodynamic model for ternary and binary aqueous solutions can be applied to predict reaction ability of components in ternary and binary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions. It is also proved that the assumptions applied in the developed thermodynamic model are correct and reasonable, i.e., strong electrolyte aqueous solution is composed of cations and anions as simple ions, H2O as simple molecule and other hydrous salt compounds as complex molecules. The calculated mass action concentrations of structural units or ion couples in ternary and binary strong electrolyte aqueous solutions strictly follow the mass action law.

Physical Properties of the Function and Number of Empirical Macrohardness of the Material: Universal Physical Unit of Measurement of Macro Hardness (Part 2)

Results of analytical studies of the physical properties of the function and number of empirical macrohardness based on the standard experimental force diagram of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere.An analytical comparison method and a criterion for the similarity of the physical and empirical macrohardness of a material are proposed.The physical properties of the hardness measurement process using the Calvert-Johnson method are shown.The physical reasons for the size effect when measuring macrohardness are considered.The universal physical unit and standard of macrohardness of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere is substantiated.

Feasibility of condensate water recycle of split air handling unit in Chinese University buildings

Recycling the condensate water of the air conditioner could be explored as an alternative water source to con-tribute to building the green campus.This paper explored the condensate water production through actual mea-surement based on a split air handling unit(SAHU)in a university building.Then,the statistical analysis was used to analyze the recycling feasibility and the impact factors of the condensate water production in 31 Chinese provincial capital cities to obtain the recycling potential map of the condensate water generated from a SAHU.Results showed that:(1)In the measurement,the amount of condensate water produced by a single split air conditioner was 1.6 kg from 12:40 to 13:40.Therefore,the daily output of condensate water of the air condi-tioner with the university operation schedule could reach 52.99 kg during the main air-conditioning season.(2)Among the 31 provincial capital cities in China,the largest condensate water outputs could be found in the Hot Summer and Warm Winter zone and the Hot Summer and Cold Winter zone,with an average monthly output of 1600 kg and 1100 kg,respectively.(3)Regression analysis showed that the dry-bulb temperature and dew point temperature of outdoor air had the highest positive and significant influence on condensate water production.The objective of this study is to provide theoretical guidance for the design and energy conservation evaluation of the feasibility of SAHU condensate water recycling in universities.

Forest soil conservation based on eco-service provision unit method and its value in Anji County,Huzhou,Zhejiang,China

We propose an eco-service provision unit method for estimating the benefit and spatial differences of forests in controlling soil erosion.A total of 197 eco-service provision units were grouped on 1424.43 km2 of forest according to differences in vegetation,slope,soil,and rainfall.The amount of soil conservation and its economic value were estimated.The forests in Anji County prevent4.08 9 105 tons of soil from eroding annually,thereby avoiding 1.36 9 104 tons of nutrient loss（on-site cost） and preventing 149 tons of nutritive elements from entering water systems（off-site cost）.From an economic perspective,the soil nutrient conservation in the forests of Anji County generated an annual benefit of 43.37 million RMB（Chinese Currency,6.20 RMB = US$1）.On average,each hectare of ecological forest contributed up to 436 RMB annually because of soil conservation.Ecological complexes with higher rainfall intensity,such as broadleaf forest and red soil on slope gradients [25°,contributed the highest soil conservation benefits.This study identified and quantified the dominant contributors and magnitudes of soil conservation provided by forests.This information can benefit decision making regarding differentiated ecological compensation policies.

Empowered Stakeholders: Female University Students’ Leadership During the COVID-19-Triggered On-campus Evictions in Canada and the United States

The study of disaster-specific leadership of female university students has been largely neglected,especially during on-campus emergency eviction and evacuation.Based on the COVID-19-triggered,on-campus evictions across Canada and the United States,this cross-national partnership examined the out-of-province/state and international female university students’leadership during the entire eviction process.Through in-depth interviews,this study revealed the female university students’leadership behaviors during three stages:(1)pre-eviction:their self-preparedness formed an emotional foundation to support others;(2)peri-eviction:their attitude and leadership behavior enabled them to facilitate(psychologically and physically)their peers’eviction process;and(3)post-eviction:they continued to support their peers virtually and raised the general public’s awareness regarding the plight of vulnerable and marginalized populations.This article argues that the female university students’leadership that emerged during the eviction process became complementary to and even augmented the universities’official efforts and beyond.This leadership represents empirical evidence that contributes to the existing literature on gender and leadership by demonstrating female youth as empowered stakeholders rather than as merely passive victims.Future studies could develop detailed stratification of gender and age dimensions in order to portray a more comprehensive picture of the younger generation’s leadership in hazards and disaster research and practice.

On Universal Space and Time

In earlier papers [1]-[4], it was shown that the consistency of the concept of time with motion requires time and distance to be of the same dimension, and thus measured by the same unit. The arising reduced system of units revealed that mass and energy were only different facets of one entity, and resulted in the well-known mass-energy equivalence formula as a natural consequence. The physical space can be identified with any inertial frame, but when it comes to comparing the results of measurements in two frames, or more, only one frame, say S, can be taken stationary and identified with the physical space, whereas all other inertial frames are moving relative to S. The equivalence of inertial frames as sites of one physical world implies that an intrinsic units system of length, time, mass and charge should be defined in terms of basic constituent physical blocks that have the same identity in all inertial frames. A basic feature of the universal space and time theory (UST) is that the same one time prevails in all inertial frames. The scaling transformations (STs) that relate the geometric distances in two frames, S (s) when chosen the stationary frame, are derived, and applied to explain the Doppler’s effect. The time distance between a moving object in S and an observer depends on its state of motion;and the Euclidean form of the STs is employed to explain arrival of some meta-stable at the earth’s surface despite its short lifetime. The quantitative predicted Doppler’s effect, which is in a striking agreement with the Ives-Stilwell experimental results, coincides with the relativistic prediction for longitudinal motion, but yet predicts a complete absence of a transverse effect at a right angle. In coming parts of this work it will be shown that the UST explains elaborately the drag effect, stellar aberration, and produces naturally the relativistic mechanics. The UST will also be completed through deriving the scaling transformations of the second type, by which the null results of Michelson and Morley experiment, Michelson and Gale experiment, and the Sagnac effect are explained. The current work and our intended future works in UST are new versions containing basic conceptions and visions that didn’t appear in earlier versions [1]-[6].

A Brief Review on the Evolution and Transformation of Universities in UK

This paper is expected to make a brief review on the evolution and development of universities in United Kingdom from the‘Medieval Universities’taking Oxbridge as representatives to the‘New Universities’in twentieth century,with entrepreneurial universities emerging in the twenty first century being included.The conclusion can be drawn from the brief review that when the“old”universities didn’t meet the social demand yet with the unshakable position,the newly learning institution comes into being in the history of HE in United Kingdom.Moreover,each category of universities possesses different characteristics and style.

谁在当中美一流大学校长?——基于统计分析的画像与启示

大学校长担负着领导大学发展的责任。经过对中美两国一流大学校长比较分析发现,两国校长均以男性为主,普遍拥有博士学位和高校工作经历;美国一流大学校长偏向“长者化”,任职年龄、任职年限和退任年龄均明显高于我国;我国一流大学校长尤其是中管高校校长获得最高学位的学科背景主要集中于理工科,而美国一流大学校长尤其是私立大学校长的学历背景则表现为理工科与人文社科各占一半;我国一流大学校长尤其是中管高校校长学缘关系十分明显,晋升方式以内部升职为主,美国一流大学校长则以校外聘任为主;我国一流大学校长尤其是中管高校校长的职业晋升阶梯一般表现为“系主任—院长—副校长—校长”,而美国一流大学校长尤其是公立大学校长的职业晋升阶梯则通常表现为“系主任—院长—教务长或副校长—校长”。对此,我国大学校长选任应反思传统遴选所带来的问题,提高群体结构合理性;完善选任要求,重视多岗位锻炼和跨院校工作经历;打造“选养”并举的选任制度,适度放宽年龄及任期限制。

美国营利性高校发展制度体系建设探析

二战后,美国政府(包括联邦政府和州政府)以地位平等、鼓励竞争、追求质量为主要价值取向,从支持性制度、监管性制度、约束性制度、引导性制度等几方面入手,通过政府与社会组织协同推进这一基本路径,逐步建立了一套对营利性高校发展既有促进又有规范与引导作用的制度体系。在该制度体系下,美国营利性高校实现了快速发展并逐渐呈现理性发展态势。当然,目前这一制度体系仍需进一步完善,以进一步巩固营利性高校的平等地位,加强对“非认证”营利性高校的质量监管,提升营利性高校的市场竞争力,完善消费者权益保护等。综合其建设成果与面临的问题可以看出,美国营利性高校发展制度体系建设正逐步走出“创建”阶段,走向“深化完善”阶段。

美国高校学生事务管理研究:进展、趋势与特点

高校学生事务管理是高等教育发展的产物,美国高校学生事务管理理论与实践研究走在世界前列。依托Web of Science数据库,运用文献计量学方法,借助关键词共现和突现知识图谱分析美国高校学生事务管理的相关研究进展,借助关键词时区分布知识图谱分析研究趋势,最终总结出其研究的五大特点:研究领域拓宽,关注管理者素质提升;理论运用广泛,用新视角看问题;研究方法多样,打破定量研究范式;研究形势多变,学生事务受到新挑战;研究主题聚焦,公平、公正是永恒目标。

新时期高校统一战线工作的内涵式建设路径

党的二十大报告中指出:“要巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线。人心是最大的政治,统一战线是凝聚人心、汇聚力量的强大法宝”。高校作为党外人士尤其是党外知识分子的集中地,统战工作是高校工作的重要构成部分。在新的历史时期,做好高校统战工作对于推进高校党的建设和校园和谐建设具有现实意义。高校必须立足新起点,创新内涵式建设,构建大统战工作格局,坚持把统战工作作为一项战略性、基础性工程抓实抓好,切实为高校和地方经济社会高质量发展服务。

新时期高校加强统战工作的对策研究

中国特色社会主义进入新时代,立足发展新的历史方位,统战工作迎来新局面。高校作为党的统一战线工作的重要领域,面临着新形势和新挑战。本文从高校做好统战工作的意义、统战工作的特点、统战工作存在的不足等方面进行深入分析,努力探索符合新时代发展的高校统战工作的有效策略,助力学校高质量发展,谱写统战工作新篇章。

高校基层单位平安建设指标体系及应用——基于层次分析法

基层单位是高校安全稳定工作的基础,指标体系是科学规范做好基层单位平安建设的指南。基于层次分析法,通过建立指标体系层次结构模型、专家评分、构造判断矩阵、层次单排序、层次总排序等步骤,确定了准则层和指标层的各项指标权重,提出了可操作的末级指标细化和量化方法,从而构建了高校基层单位平安建设指标体系。该指标体系在北京多所高校二级院系的平安建设实践中取得了良好效果。

美国政府、大学和中学促进中高等教育协同培养创新人才的策略

美国的中学和大学在创新人才培养的衔接和合作上还存在一些问题,为此,政府、中学和大学都采取了一些应对策略。美国政府采取了颁布促进中高等教育协同培养创新人才的政策,建立P-16委员会,设立奖学金和构建信息共享平台等衔接举措;美国的中学采取了确立全面发展的培养目标,为有创新潜质的学生开设精深课程,应用启发式教学法,设计创新型课外活动等策略;而美国的大学则采取了设置奖学金吸引创新人才,举办宣讲会,开设提前升学课程,创办英才教育中心,坚持综合性的录取标准等策略。

无尽的边疆,无尽的布什:论瓦尼尔·布什与美国联邦政府高等教育政策的塑造

瓦尼尔·布什在塑造美国联邦政府高等教育政策中发挥关键作用,成就了学府与政府关系的良性发展。从撰写《科学:无尽的边疆》到促成《国家科学基金会法》通过,布什积极游走于学府与政府之间,为大学科研事业不断斡旋。凭借科学家的研究洞察力、科学政治家的国家意识,汇聚学人良策,极力维护学术在自由与服务国家使命之间的张力。得益于布什的贡献,美国研究型大学的科研获得长足发展。研究布什在塑造美国联邦政府高等教育政策中的价值有助于明晰学人步入政治场域的复杂历程,领悟学府与政府交织复杂的博弈。

基于STC8H的USB接口RFID读卡器设计

设计了一种具有HID接口的RFID读卡器,该读卡器采用带硬件USB接口的STC8H单片机作为主控,采用多协议射频芯片FM1722作为读卡芯片,读卡器具有接口方便、读写速度快、性价比高、支持卡类型多等优点,可以用在物流、交通、身份识别、安全控制等领域。

美国人工智能辅助教学的前沿进展——以魔力学校AI平台为例

人工智能(AI)正在重塑教育领域,其中AI辅助教学成为提升教学效率和质量的关键途径。魔力学校(Magic School AI)作为美国教育改革的先锋,通过生成式AI技术,为教育工作者和学习者提供了创新的教学和学习体验。该平台基于建构主义学习理论、通用学习设计理念和知识深度模型,设计了多样化的教学工具,其优势主要体现在个性化学习、适应不同学习环境和促进有效沟通与协作方面。然而,随着AI教学工具的广泛应用,数据隐私、技术偏见和用户接受度等问题也日益凸显,需要在推广过程中予以解决。魔力学校AI平台的成功经验,对于人工智能与应用技术的研究和实践具有重要参考价值,为全球教育工作者和政策制定者提供了AI辅助教学的宝贵经验和启示,促进了对教育技术未来发展的深入思考。