THAILAND AND CHINA:TOGETHER FOR HIGH-QUALITY DEVELOPMENT

Dhina is playing an increasingly important role in the world.Everyone has recognized that the Chinese economy is undergoing steady and sound growth.At the same time,development of Thailand-China relations has entered a new historical period.Interconnectivity between Thailand and China through policy communication,unimpeded trade,and people-to-people exchange has brought the two countries into a period of high-quality development.

Fish sharing as a risk factor for Opisthorchis viverrini infection:evidence from two villages in north-eastern Thailand

Background:Foodborne trematodiasis(FBT)is a significant global health problem,with the liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini,O.felineus,and Clonorchis sinensis contributing to half of the global burden of FBT.North-eastern Thailand where O.viverrini is endemic and un-cooked fish dishes remain an integral part of the food culture has the highest reported incidence of opisthorchiasis,including associated cholangiocarcinoma.Both food sharing and eating practices are potentially important factors in FTB,suggesting an important role for the social ecology of disease transmission in these rural communities.Methods:Two rural Thai-Lao villages that were part of a 12-village project in Northeastern Thailand were selected for detailed investigation of O.viverrini infection risk associated with sharing of raw fish dishes among households.The project included screening individuals for infection and cholangiocarcinoma,a household questionnaire,and offering treatment options for positive individuals.Social network mapping was used to construct raw fish dish-sharing networks and create a proxy variable capturing variability in the degree of food sharing(DFS),measured as the number of different households with which each household shared fish dishes.Measures of associations between DFS,O.viverrini infection,the frequency of raw fish consumption,and the number of raw fish dishes consumed were generated using binary logistic regression,proportional odds ordinal logistic regression,and Poisson regression.Results:The results showed that the probability that a household has members infected with O.viverrini increased by~7%(P<0.01)for each additional household included in its network.Moreover,the frequency and number of types of raw fish dishes consumed increased significantly as the DFS increased.Of the two villages,that with the highest infection prevalence(48%versus 34.6%)had significantly higher social connectivity overall(P<0.001).Conclusions:Our findings suggest that the social ecology of human settlements may be key to understanding the transmission dynamics of some FBT.In the case of O.viverrini in Thai-Lao communities,for which food sharing is a traditional practice supporting social cohesion,food sharing network mapping should be incorporated into community-based interventions.These should encourage fish dish preparation methods that minimize infection risk by targeting households with high DFS values.

Monitoring Wildfires in Thailand: A Case Study of the ECSTAR-TeroSpace’s Earth Observation Project

The primary objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive case study on monitoring wildfires in Nakhon Nayok, Thailand, utilizing Earth observation platforms. This initiative project has been undertaken by the Excellence Center of Space Technology and Research (ECSTAR), in partnership with its spin-off startup, TeroSpace. The study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the wildfire incidents in the region, utilizing advanced technologies such as satellite imagery and data analytics, and to identify ways to improve future wildfire management. In particular, the paper focuses on the wildfires including thermal area comparison that ravaged the land in Nakhon Nayok Province in central Thailand from March to April 18th, 2023. To conduct this study, the ECSTAR-TeroSpace analytic team utilized satellite images from Earth observation platforms: MODIS and Sentinel-2A. By presenting this case study, this paper contributes to the broader understanding of how to monitor and manage wildfires in a changing climate. The findings of this study underscore the importance of proactive and collaborative efforts in mitigating the negative impacts of wildfires in Nakhon Nayok and other regions in Thailand.

Clay mineral compositions in the surface sediment of the Chanthaburi coast(northeastern Gulf of Thailand)and their implications on sediment provenance

Clay mineral composition represents an important tracer of sediment source area,migration processes,and paleoclimatic conditions.Clay mineral analysis was performed on 15 surface sediment samples collected from the coast of Chanthaburi,Thailand.Results show that the composition of clay minerals in the study area differs substantially from that in surrounding regions of the Gulf of Thailand.The clay minerals of the Chanthaburi coast are dominated by kaolinite(~56%),followed by smectite(~21%),illite(~14%),and low concentrations of chlorite(~8%).The average illite chemistry index and crystallinity are 0.93 and 0.32,respectively.Comparative analysis of the clay mineral composition of surface sediments in several typical areas around the Gulf of Thailand indicated that the clays of the Chanthaburi coast are mainly derived from parent rock weathering in the small watersheds of the Chanthaburi and Welu rivers and the surrounding islands.Terrestrial input from the northern coast of the Gulf of Thailand(excluding the Mekong River)was previously considered negligible;however,the present results indicate that such input has impact on the eastern Gulf of Thailand.The warm humid climatic conditions in Southeast Asia are the primary factors that affect the strong chemical weathering in the study area,followed by the nature of the parent rock.

异常血红蛋白Q⁃Thailand合并缺失型β-地中海贫血的实验室分析

目的对血红蛋白组分出现疑似异常血红蛋白Q⁃Thailand(HbQ⁃Thailand)且存在小细胞低色素性表现的2例患者进行基因型鉴定,并分析其血液学参数特征,为临床遗传咨询提供参考数据。方法2例患者样本进行血液学指标检测,用跨越断裂点聚合酶链反应(Gap⁃PCR)及Sanger测序方法进行珠蛋白基因突变检测,并分析2例患者血液学表型特征和血红蛋白毛细管电泳结果。结果患者1为HbQ⁃Thailand杂合合并α-地贫⁃α4.2缺失杂合和β-地贫Taiwanese型缺失杂合,患者2为HbQ⁃Thailand杂合合并⁃α4.2缺失杂合和β-地贫Gγ+(Aγδβ)0型缺失杂合;2例患者均表现为小细胞低色素表型特征,并存在血红蛋白毛细管电泳Z7条带增高及出现Z1区异常带。结论当HbQ⁃Thailand合并β-地贫基因缺失时,血红蛋白组分毛细管电泳分析中HbQ⁃Thailand与HbF重叠,需要对其进行鉴别,或同时进行β-地贫基因缺失检测以防漏检。

Monitoring Hotspots Using Thermal Sensors on MODIS Aqua/Terra Satellite System: A Case Study of National Park Areas in Northern Thailand

This research presents the remote sensing data on hotspots in four national parks located in Chiang Mai province, Thailand: Sri Lanna National Park, Huai Nam Dang National Park, Doi Pahom Pok National Park, and Doi Inthanon National Park. To mitigate the devastating impacts of these wildfires, effective monitoring and management strategies are necessary. Remote sensing technology provides a promising approach for mapping burnt areas and understanding fire regimes at a regional scale. The primary focus of this research is to employ the MODIS Aqua/Terra satellite system for obtaining historical remote sensing data on hotspots. The advantages of remote sensing include accurate identification and mapping of burnt areas, regular monitoring, rapid data acquisition, and historical data analysis. The MODIS sensor, specifically designed for fire monitoring, offers enhanced fire detection and diagnosis, multiple channels for qualitative and quantitative analysis, and precision positioning capabilities. The research results presented in the analysis contribute to the understanding of fire incidents and hotspot occurrences within the four national parks studied. This paper suggests the optimization of early detection of forest and land fires through the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI), presenting it as a recommendation for future endeavors. The research emphasizes the significance of implementing efficient policies and management strategies to effectively tackle the challenges associated with fires in these ecologically significant areas.

Differential seed removal,germination and seedling growth as determinants of species suitability for forest restoration by direct seeding–A case study from northern Thailand

Background Direct seeding is potentially a more cost-effective alternative to conventional tree planting for restoring tropical forest ecosystems.However,seed loss,due to removal and damage by animals,can substantially reduce seedling establishment.Therefore,this study examined the impact of seed predation on seedling establishment of five tree species,native to upland evergreen forests of northern Thailand:Hovenia dulcis,Alangium kurzii,Prunus cerasoides,Choerospondias axillaris and Horsfieldia amygdalina.We tested the hypothesis that excluding animals would significantly reduce seed removal,and increase both germination and seedling survival.The objective was to calculate a composite index of the relative suitability of the species studied for direct seeding.Methods Seeds were placed on the ground in a deforested site and subjected to five predator-exclusion treatments:wire cage,insecticide,cage+insecticide,open cage and no exclusion(control).Results Seed loss was highest for H.amygdalina(the largest seed tested).Across species,wire cages significantly reduced seed loss by 12.4%compared with controls(P<0.001)suggesting that vertebrates were the major seed predators.Seed germination ranged from 0 to 77%among the species tested.Based on relative species-performance scores(combining measures of survival and seedling growth),P.cerasoides was the most suitable species for direct seeding,followed by A.kurzii and C.axillaris,whilst H.dulcis and H.amygdalina were unsuitable.H.dulcis had small seeds with low seed germination,whereas H.amygdalina was subjected to high seed removal.Conclusion Exclusion of seed predators and the selection of suitable species may substantially increase the success of direct seeding,as a technique for restoring upland evergreen forest ecosystems.Testing more species for their suitability is needed,to provide more diverse options for forest restoration.

Use of Agent Purple, Agent Orange and Agent Blue on Royal Thai Air Force Base Perimeters in Thailand during the Vietnam War

Seven Royal Thai Air Force bases in Thailand were used by the United States Air Force (USAF) during the Vietnam War as staging hubs for operations in Laos and Cambodia. Five bases in Thailand, including Nakhon Phanom (NKP), Ubon, Korat, U-Tapao and Udorn endured sniper fire interdiction, perimeter penetration, and sapper (combat engineer) attacks. Nam Phong, an eighth Royal Thai Air Force base was used by the United States Marine Corps air operations starting in 1972. US Military personnel stationed throughout Thailand were also attacked by Communists insurgents. Two herbicides, Agent Purple and Agent Orange containing 2, 4, 5-T contaminated with dioxin (TCDD—2, 3, 7, 8 tetrachlorodibenzodioxin) and a third herbicide, the arsenic-based Agent Blue, were routinely received at these Thailand airbases in support of air missions and to keep airbases and perimeter fences clear of vegetation. Udorn Royal Thai Air Force (RTAF) base, established in the 1950s was consistently a target of enemy attacks during this period. The Thai government allowed the United States to use five bases, covertly, and two other Thai bases, openly, due to concerns that the civil war inside Laos might spread into Thailand. The US Air Force began, in 1961, to provide the air defense of Thailand and to fly reconnaissance flights over Laos. Under the United States and Thailand’s “gentleman’s agreement”, the bases used by the USAF were considered RTAF bases under the command of Thai officers. The USAF at Udorn was under the command of the United States Pacific Air Forces (PACAF) Thirteenth Air Force and was used to temporarily store and distribute Agent Purple, Agent Orange and Agent Blue to Laos’s airfields for spraying of the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Thai air police controlled access to the bases using sentry dogs, observation towers, and machine gun emplacements. The USAF Security police assisted the Thai air police in base defense. In this study, we document the use of Agent Orange, Agent Purple and Agent Blue on Royal Thai Air Force base perimeters and grounds during the Vietnam War, potential active-duty service personnel exposure to these toxic herbicides and health impacts of the contaminant dioxin TCDD and arsenic on U.S. Vietnam Era Veterans and Vietnam Veterans. This documentation is important evidence in the “assumption of exposure” for health claims to the US Veterans Administration (VA) by veterans that served in Thailand between 1962 and 1976.

Peer Pressure and Harmful Use of Alcohol in Thailand: A Spatial Autoregressive Model Application

Due to peer pressure playing a crucial role in the decision to drink,people who have a more fragile temperament might be expected to be at higher risk.Moreover,many studies have investigated the influence of peer pressure on alcohol consumption,but few have examined the relationship between heavy drinking and peer pressure via a spatial autoregressive model(SAR)in low/middle-income countries,such as Thailand.This paper investigated the connection between heavy drinkers over the age of 15 years who drink more than or equal to 60 grams of unmixed alcohol at least once per month based on the Thai Survey of Cigarette Smoking and Alcoholic Drinking Behavior,2014.Further,the drinkers were assumed to socialize with two peer groups:immediate family and close friends.Our paper considered a SAR model because SAR can overcome the reflection problem encountered using a linear-in-means model and the correlated effect problem found with hierarchical models.The mainfinding was the discovery of a significant and positive peer effect on alcohol consumption among heavy drinkers.In addition,there was evidence of education having an effect,but no evidence of income affecting on alcohol consumption.Specifically,a higher level of education was linked with lower levels of alcohol consumption.The results not only help us to understand the peer effect and alcohol consumption behavior,but policymakers can also apply peer effect-based strategies to formulate effective policies to decrease the alcohol consumption rate in Thailand.

China’s Investors Demonstrate Confidence in Thailand——Exclusive Interview with Mr.Narit Therdsteerasukdi,Secretary General of BOI

China is a key strategic partner of Thailand and plays a vital role in the Thai economy through investment,trade,and tourism.This year marks a decade since the establishment of the Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership between the two countries.Recently,Mr.Narit Therdsteerasukdi,Secretary General of BOI,participated in an exclusive interview with China’s Foreign Trade magazine to share his views on bilateral investment and future prospects.

Deepening Bilateral Cooperation Between Jilin and Thailand——Exclusive Interview with Wantana Tatan,Minister Counsellor(Investment Promotion),Royal Thai Embassy and Director of BOI’s Beijing Office

During Chinese President Xi Jinping’s last visit to Thailand,both sides an-nounced that they would build a more stable,prosperous and sustainable community,which is a milestone in leading and promoting the development of China-Thailand relations.The Northeast Asia Expo opened on August 23 in Jilin Province,Want-ana Tatan,Minister Counsellor(In-vestment Promotion),Royal Thai Em-bassy and Director of BOI’s Beijing Office,said that this expo provides a good platform for deepening bilateral cooperation.

Opening a New Chapter of China-Thailand Tourism Cooperation

In recent years,China and Thailand maintained close communication at the governmental level,making full preparations for the resumption of China-Thailand tourism after the pandemic.Thailand has unique tourist resources.For years,thanks to the strong support of the government and significant investment from all walks of life.

Traditional Chinese Culture Shining in Thailand

The Peking Opera Performance Dragon and Phoenix:Dialogue Between China and Thailand Opera was held at China Cultural Center in Bangkok,which built a platform of taking opera as a bridge and meeting friends through opera,allowing more opera lovers to touch the charm of Chinese and Thai traditional opera and to have an in-depth understanding of the important role of cultural exchanges in China-Thailand relations.

YOUNG BOOST TO CHINA-THAILAND FRIENDSHIP

The"Contemporary China and the World"China-Thailand Youth Cultural Exchange Forum in Bangkok On April 24,the"Contemporary China and the World"China-Thailand Youth Cultural Exchange Forum was held in Bangkok,Thailand.The event was sponsored by the Academy of Contemporary China and World Studies(ACCWS)under China International Communications Group(CICG),CICG Asia-Pacific,and the Bangkokbased Belt and Road Cooperation Research Center,organized by CICG Asia-Pacific Bangkok Bureau,and supported by the Thai-Chinese Cultural&Relationship Council,the Thai-Chinese Strategic Research Center,Chandrakasem Rajabhat University of Thailand,The Leader Asia news agency,and Bangkok Today newspaper.

‘Nihao!China':The New Image of Chinese Tourism The Thailand'Want to Go to China'Short Video Contest

The Chinese-Thailand tourism cooperation played a positive role in promoting the development of the cultural and tourism industries and enhancing the mutual understanding between the two countries.

“一带一路”背景下中国企业对泰国投资可持续发展研究

文章基于2015-2022年成立的431家泰国中资企业经营信息,考察“一带一路”背景下泰国中资企业发展状况。其中,2018-2022年,泰国中资企业总营收和净利率数据显示,泰国中资企业整体发展态势良好;资产负债率等财务指标数据显示,部分泰国中资企业可能面临较高财务风险。案例分析发现,泰国中资企业应兼顾经济效益与社会效益,充分重视资金结构合理调节。文章从微观层面厘清泰国中资企业的经营绩效,进一步为中国企业赴泰国投资提供实践参考。

保革政治和解与国家发展道路转型--泰国2023年回顾与2024年展望

政治方面,2023年泰国新一轮大选历经波折组成跨阵营的联合政府,最终为泰党侯选人赛塔当选第30任总理,成功化解了组阁危机,“保革和解”推动了泰国民主进程;但2023年大选促进泰国极左翼党派远进党的强势崛起,泰国政治格局由保革长期对立转变为“三足鼎立”,泰国渐趋稳定的政局仍存在政治冲突的风险。经济方面,泰国赛塔政府极力推行“经济疗法”,重启泰国旅游、延缓农民还贷期限、降低居民生活成本、吸引外商直接投资和减免税收等系列措施以提振经济,但受总理选举形成的“政治真空”、出口贸易收缩、制造业指数下降和旅游服务业复苏减缓等因素的叠加影响,全年经济增长低于预期。外交方面,弘扬“大国平衡”外交传统,恢复与美国的同盟关系并寻求与美国跨国企业的投资合作;支持高质量共建“一带一路”,持续构建与中国的命运共同体关系;实行“积极主动的经济外交”,加强与中国、美国、日本等国家和新兴经济体在投资、经贸和可持续发展方面的友好合作;依托东盟开展区域合作及在国际事务中发挥建设性作用。展望2024年,泰国将开启“增量改革”以促进经济增长和国家发展道路转型,进一步拓展绿色经济、数字经济和新能源等产业的发展空间,政治和外交服务于经济增长目标,泰国复苏增长可期。

泰国社会保障的演进历程、核心特征与经验镜鉴

高质量社会保障体系是促进经济发展、维护社会公平、增进民生福祉的关键路径与制度保证。作为全球新兴工业国家,泰国是东南亚地区较早建立社会保障制度的国家之一,其社会保障发展历经混乱统治下的艰难创立阶段与民主道路下的优化升级阶段,实现了从无到有、从有到优的结构性变革,完成了从仅针对特殊群体的初步框架到群体扩张、较为完善保障体系的关键蜕变。泰国围绕社会保障立法、社会保险项目扩充、社会救助体系构建及全民健康推进等要旨渐序推进其体系化建设。立足多维要素、经济优先、碎片差异、家庭兜底及公民健康等特征,泰国社会保障体系形塑“低成本投入,高效能保障”范例的同时,也存在泛政治化、碎片化的潜在弊端,致使其社会保障体系对经济发展、社会稳定、公平维护等产生利弊双刃剑影响。泰国社会保障体系在家庭潜能的培育、人力资本的开发、公正平等的促进上取得较大成效,尤其是其全民医疗创新实践的成功,更是证明了普惠医疗并非发达福利国家的“专利”。泰国社会保障的发展可为发展中国家提供经验借鉴,社会保障制度的构建需在动态社会保障体系的建设、社会保障功能的评估与监测、家庭社会保障的建构及全民健康福祉的推进等方面加强科学性整合与内源性改革。

数字化时代潮剧在泰国的发展现状与策略研究

潮剧是我国优秀传统戏曲之一,是联系海内外潮人的文化纽带。泰国素有“潮剧第二故乡”之称,是潮剧海外传播的中心。但是,由于剧目内容老化、传播途径单一等原因,当代潮剧在泰国的发展面临着受众日渐减少,尤其是年轻受众逐渐疏离等困境。数字化时代,潮剧应依托云技术赋能,促进中泰两国潮剧资源、人才合作共享,借助数字化技术拓展年轻受众面,让更多的泰国受众领略潮剧的传统戏曲艺术之美,促进当代潮剧在泰国的发展。

2023年泰国研究发展报告

2022年9月区域国别学成为交叉学科门类下的一级学科,2023年是区域国别学学科建设的开局之年。泰国一直是区域国别学研究的重要国家之一。泰国的王朝政治、民族意识、社会文化、历史记忆、华侨华人以及地缘战略等问题是中外学者的研究重点,相关研究理论成果相对丰硕。这既为新时代背景下的泰国国别学研究奠定了坚实的基础,也为有效回应构建中泰命运共同体的现实需要提供了理论支持。为此,总结梳理2023年中外学者的泰国研究主要的议题与研究动态,把握泰国区域国别学研究方向与发展趋势,反思其研究存在不足并进行未来研究展望是必要且具有重要的理论和实践价值。