This study investigated the application and the effect of Group Investigation(GI) in the College English Program in a Chinese University. A qualitative case study method was used to understand the GI system used by Ch...This study investigated the application and the effect of Group Investigation(GI) in the College English Program in a Chinese University. A qualitative case study method was used to understand the GI system used by Chinese instructors as well as the achievements acquired and challenges met by the participants. Three instructors and fifteen second-year-undergraduates taking a course titled Sources of European Culture participated. Interviews, observations, and documents were used to collect the data. Data analysis showed Chinese instructors applied a GI technique similar to that discussed by Johnson and Johnson(1999); however, GI in the Chinese context demanded more effort from the teacher for designing tasks and provided help in modeling uses of English and in preparing visual, especially Power Point, presentations. Although participants used their mother tongue at some stages, their autonomy over English learning was activated, and horizons in the course content were broadened.展开更多
Upper Cretaceous rocks are widespread in Jordan, covering uncomfortably the rocks of the Lower Cretaceous (Kurnub Sandstone). These rocks consist mainly of limestone, marls, chalk, biogenic chert and phosphate of prim...Upper Cretaceous rocks are widespread in Jordan, covering uncomfortably the rocks of the Lower Cretaceous (Kurnub Sandstone). These rocks consist mainly of limestone, marls, chalk, biogenic chert and phosphate of primarily marine origin. Age determination of these rocks was based on the abundance of macro and microfossil content. Man researchers subdivided the Upper Cretaceous succession. The classification of Powell (1989) is considered in this study, particularly for the Belqa Group, which is of Coniacian to Maastrichtian in age. This investigation will focus on the geology of Wadi Es Sir, Umm Ghudran;Amman silicified limestone, and Al Hisa phosphorite formations, that belong to Ajlun and Belqa Groups respectively. Moreover, sedimentary structures, lithological characteristics Microfacies types and fossil content were evaluated. Using the lithostratigraphy and the fossil content of those formations, 6 Microfacies types were identified. Evaluation of the cross-section, the tectonic processes and the prepared rose diagrams indicate that the study area was affected by compressional as well as by tensional forces. Two major tends of fracturing can be identified in the rose diagrams. The measured physical properties show that the porosity is variable and ranges between 30% and 48%. The bulk density has values between 1.8 and 2.2 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. The different obtained results point out that the studied rocks represent good reservoir.展开更多
Previous studies have suggested that the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in earthquake rescue workers is relatively high. Risk factors for this disorder include demographic characteristics, earthquake-rela...Previous studies have suggested that the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in earthquake rescue workers is relatively high. Risk factors for this disorder include demographic characteristics, earthquake-related high-risk factors, risk factors in the rescue process, personality, social support and coping style. This study examined the current status of a unit of 1 040 rescue workers who participated in earthquake relief for the Wenchuan earthquake that occurred on May 12th, 2008. Post-traumatic stress disorder was diagnosed primarily using the Clinician-Administered Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Scale during structured interviews. Univariate and multivariate sta-tistical analyses were used to examine major risk factors that contributed to the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Results revealed that the incidence of this disorder in the rescue group was 5.96%. The impact factors in univariate analysis included death of family members, contact with corpses or witnessing of the deceased or seriously injured, near-death experience, severe injury or mental trauma in the rescue process and working at the epicenter of the earthquake. Correlation analysis suggested that post-traumatic stress disorder was positively correlated with psychotic and neurotic personalities, negative coping and low social support. Impact factors in mul-tivariate logistic regression analysis included near-death experience, severe injury or mental trauma, working in the epicenter of the rescue, neurotic personality, negative coping and low social support, among which low social support had the largest odds ratio of 20.42. Findings showed that the oc-currence of post-traumatic stress disorder was the result of the interaction of multiple factors.展开更多
BACKGROUND At the end of 2019,a new epidemic of viral pneumonia emerged in China and was determined to be caused by a novel coronavirus,which was named coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by the World Health Organizatio...BACKGROUND At the end of 2019,a new epidemic of viral pneumonia emerged in China and was determined to be caused by a novel coronavirus,which was named coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by the World Health Organization.The epidemic quickly spread,causing a worldwide pandemic.Scientists and clinicians across the globe have shifted their research efforts towards understanding the virus itself and its epidemiology.CASE SUMMARY In mid-January 2020,a Chinese family made a visit to a local city,and within the next 2 wk one after another fell ill with COVID-19.At the beginning of their first illness onset,the family had eaten in a restaurant,which led to the subsequent illness onset in another two families.All cases were diagnosed as COVID-19 by real-time fluorescent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Epidemiological investigation showed that the transmission chain was complete.CONCLUSION This chain of social exposure highlights the danger of group aggregative behavior for spread of COVID-19.展开更多
基金supported by the 2013 Fundamental Re-search Funds for the Central Universities of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityThe Subject of Shaanxi Province Educational Science Twelveth-Five-Year Plan
文摘This study investigated the application and the effect of Group Investigation(GI) in the College English Program in a Chinese University. A qualitative case study method was used to understand the GI system used by Chinese instructors as well as the achievements acquired and challenges met by the participants. Three instructors and fifteen second-year-undergraduates taking a course titled Sources of European Culture participated. Interviews, observations, and documents were used to collect the data. Data analysis showed Chinese instructors applied a GI technique similar to that discussed by Johnson and Johnson(1999); however, GI in the Chinese context demanded more effort from the teacher for designing tasks and provided help in modeling uses of English and in preparing visual, especially Power Point, presentations. Although participants used their mother tongue at some stages, their autonomy over English learning was activated, and horizons in the course content were broadened.
文摘Upper Cretaceous rocks are widespread in Jordan, covering uncomfortably the rocks of the Lower Cretaceous (Kurnub Sandstone). These rocks consist mainly of limestone, marls, chalk, biogenic chert and phosphate of primarily marine origin. Age determination of these rocks was based on the abundance of macro and microfossil content. Man researchers subdivided the Upper Cretaceous succession. The classification of Powell (1989) is considered in this study, particularly for the Belqa Group, which is of Coniacian to Maastrichtian in age. This investigation will focus on the geology of Wadi Es Sir, Umm Ghudran;Amman silicified limestone, and Al Hisa phosphorite formations, that belong to Ajlun and Belqa Groups respectively. Moreover, sedimentary structures, lithological characteristics Microfacies types and fossil content were evaluated. Using the lithostratigraphy and the fossil content of those formations, 6 Microfacies types were identified. Evaluation of the cross-section, the tectonic processes and the prepared rose diagrams indicate that the study area was affected by compressional as well as by tensional forces. Two major tends of fracturing can be identified in the rose diagrams. The measured physical properties show that the porosity is variable and ranges between 30% and 48%. The bulk density has values between 1.8 and 2.2 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. The different obtained results point out that the studied rocks represent good reservoir.
基金supported by the Chinese Police OfficeSichuan Police OfficeYunnan Police Office
文摘Previous studies have suggested that the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in earthquake rescue workers is relatively high. Risk factors for this disorder include demographic characteristics, earthquake-related high-risk factors, risk factors in the rescue process, personality, social support and coping style. This study examined the current status of a unit of 1 040 rescue workers who participated in earthquake relief for the Wenchuan earthquake that occurred on May 12th, 2008. Post-traumatic stress disorder was diagnosed primarily using the Clinician-Administered Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Scale during structured interviews. Univariate and multivariate sta-tistical analyses were used to examine major risk factors that contributed to the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Results revealed that the incidence of this disorder in the rescue group was 5.96%. The impact factors in univariate analysis included death of family members, contact with corpses or witnessing of the deceased or seriously injured, near-death experience, severe injury or mental trauma in the rescue process and working at the epicenter of the earthquake. Correlation analysis suggested that post-traumatic stress disorder was positively correlated with psychotic and neurotic personalities, negative coping and low social support. Impact factors in mul-tivariate logistic regression analysis included near-death experience, severe injury or mental trauma, working in the epicenter of the rescue, neurotic personality, negative coping and low social support, among which low social support had the largest odds ratio of 20.42. Findings showed that the oc-currence of post-traumatic stress disorder was the result of the interaction of multiple factors.
基金The Guangzhou Science and Technology Program Key Projects,No.201704030132.
文摘BACKGROUND At the end of 2019,a new epidemic of viral pneumonia emerged in China and was determined to be caused by a novel coronavirus,which was named coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by the World Health Organization.The epidemic quickly spread,causing a worldwide pandemic.Scientists and clinicians across the globe have shifted their research efforts towards understanding the virus itself and its epidemiology.CASE SUMMARY In mid-January 2020,a Chinese family made a visit to a local city,and within the next 2 wk one after another fell ill with COVID-19.At the beginning of their first illness onset,the family had eaten in a restaurant,which led to the subsequent illness onset in another two families.All cases were diagnosed as COVID-19 by real-time fluorescent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Epidemiological investigation showed that the transmission chain was complete.CONCLUSION This chain of social exposure highlights the danger of group aggregative behavior for spread of COVID-19.
