Microbial communities in different gastrointestinal regions （stomach, foregut, midgut, and hindgut） of the northern snakehead Channa argus （Cantor, 1842） were compared by polymerase chain reaction and partial 16S ...Microbial communities in different gastrointestinal regions （stomach, foregut, midgut, and hindgut） of the northern snakehead Channa argus （Cantor, 1842） were compared by polymerase chain reaction and partial 16S rDNA sequencing. A total of 194, 140, 212, and 122 OTUs were detected in the stomach, foregut, midgut, and hindgut, respectively. Significant differences were found in the Sobs, ACE, Shannon, and Simpson indices among samples （P〈0.05）. The gastrointestinal microbial community of C. argus consisted predominantly of Proteobacteria with either Halomonas, Shewanella, Plesiomonas, or Sphingomonas. Fusobacteria, Firm!cutes, and Bacteroidetes also existed in the gastrointestinal tracts. However, significant＇differences were found in the compositions of microbial community among the four regions （P〈0.05）. Cyanobacteria and Spirochetes were significantly higher in the midgut and hindgut （P〈0.05）. Fusobacteria and Firmicutes were dominant in the hindgut and foregut, respectively （P〈0.05）. Proteobacteria was the lowest in the hindgut （P〈0.05）. At genus level, Cetobacterium and Plesiomonas were significantly higher in the hindgut than in the other three samples （P〈0.05）. Clostridium and Prevotella were the highest in the midgut （P〈0.05）. Halomonas, Shewanella, and Sphingomonas were the highest in the foregut （P〈0.05）. Paracoccus and Vibrio were the highest in the stomach. Several genera were only detected in certain regions, as follows： stomach, Paracoccus and Hbrio; foregut, Halomonas, Shewanella, and Sphingomonas; midgut, Clostridium and Prevotella; and hindgut, Cetobacterium and Plesiomonas （P〈0.05）. At the species level, Acinetobacter rhizosphaerae was only detected in the stomach. Prevotella copri and Clostridium perfring were not detected in the foregut and midgut, respectively, whereas Prevotella copri and Faecalibacterium pra were not detected in the hindgut. These findings provide valuable information on the microbial community in each gastrointestinal region of C. argus. Moreover, this study indicated that microbial community was not only related to rearing environment but also to the physico-chemical characteristics of each gastrointestinal region.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31402306)
文摘Microbial communities in different gastrointestinal regions （stomach, foregut, midgut, and hindgut） of the northern snakehead Channa argus （Cantor, 1842） were compared by polymerase chain reaction and partial 16S rDNA sequencing. A total of 194, 140, 212, and 122 OTUs were detected in the stomach, foregut, midgut, and hindgut, respectively. Significant differences were found in the Sobs, ACE, Shannon, and Simpson indices among samples （P〈0.05）. The gastrointestinal microbial community of C. argus consisted predominantly of Proteobacteria with either Halomonas, Shewanella, Plesiomonas, or Sphingomonas. Fusobacteria, Firm!cutes, and Bacteroidetes also existed in the gastrointestinal tracts. However, significant＇differences were found in the compositions of microbial community among the four regions （P〈0.05）. Cyanobacteria and Spirochetes were significantly higher in the midgut and hindgut （P〈0.05）. Fusobacteria and Firmicutes were dominant in the hindgut and foregut, respectively （P〈0.05）. Proteobacteria was the lowest in the hindgut （P〈0.05）. At genus level, Cetobacterium and Plesiomonas were significantly higher in the hindgut than in the other three samples （P〈0.05）. Clostridium and Prevotella were the highest in the midgut （P〈0.05）. Halomonas, Shewanella, and Sphingomonas were the highest in the foregut （P〈0.05）. Paracoccus and Vibrio were the highest in the stomach. Several genera were only detected in certain regions, as follows： stomach, Paracoccus and Hbrio; foregut, Halomonas, Shewanella, and Sphingomonas; midgut, Clostridium and Prevotella; and hindgut, Cetobacterium and Plesiomonas （P〈0.05）. At the species level, Acinetobacter rhizosphaerae was only detected in the stomach. Prevotella copri and Clostridium perfring were not detected in the foregut and midgut, respectively, whereas Prevotella copri and Faecalibacterium pra were not detected in the hindgut. These findings provide valuable information on the microbial community in each gastrointestinal region of C. argus. Moreover, this study indicated that microbial community was not only related to rearing environment but also to the physico-chemical characteristics of each gastrointestinal region.
基金supported by National Natural Science Fundation(31572657,31372563)Special Funds from the Administration of Ocean and Fisheries of Guangdong Province(A201512C003,2015-115)+2 种基金Special Fund for Science and Technology from Hubei Province(2015BBA228)Fund from Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau(2016020101010089)“Innovation and Strong Universities”Special Funds(KA170500G)from the Department of Education of Guangdong Province
文摘利用转录组技术对鰤诺卡氏菌(Nocardia seriolae)感染的乌鳢(Channa argus)进行分析与比较,以揭示可能的免疫机制,尤其在Toll样受体和Nod样受体的免疫反应.从乌鳢的头肾提取总RNA,采用Illumina Hi Seq TM2500进行测序和de novo转录组分析.乌鳢感染鰤诺卡氏菌后,对照组和试验组的clean reads分别是33 556 284(93.79%)和34 202 766(93.52%).利用Trinity软件对unigenes进行注释,从133 999条unigenes里,一共106319条unigenes得到注释,占79.34%;NR(NCBI non-redundant protein database)注释54 886(40.97%)条unigenes;39 795(29.69%)的Swiss-Prot注释;5 885(4.39%)条unigenes被KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)注释到335条通路;5 753(4.29%)被注释到GO(Gene ontology)里.3 912条unigenes表达差异,其中1552条表达上调(39.67%)和2 360条表达下调(60.33%).Toll样受体和Nod样受体的免疫信号通路分别有28和13条差别表达基因发现有调制,12和3个上调,11和6个下调,5和4个unigenes没有显著的变化.经过转录组测序分析显示,乌鳢感染鰤诺卡氏菌后的转录复杂程度高,导致感染个体重诱导表达的基因产品的验证发现,尤其在非特异性免疫系统方面.
