Association between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ gene polymorphism and susceptibility to northwest dryness syndrome

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between gene polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR) and susceptibility to northwest dryness syndrome(NDS).METHODS:The polymorphisms of 11 PPARl51, rs13γ7 gene oci rs10510418, rs1263353640,rs17036188, rs2921190, rs4135247, rs4135275,rs4135283, rs6768587, rs709156, and rs7615916 were detected in 249 patients with NDS and 260 patients with non-NDS(control group) by using Snapshot single-nucleotide polymorphism typing technology.RESULTS:All locus detections were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test.Compared with the control group, rs2921190 genotype frequency showed statistical difference in the NDS group(P < 0.05).Two-two comparison result showed that CC genotype frequency in the NDS group was higher than that in the control group.CT and TT genotype distribution frequencies showed differences between the two groups.The rare allele frequency in the NDS group was lower than that of the control group(P < 0.01).Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that the age and genotype entered the regression equation.The subjects in the age bracket 30-55 and 45-45 were1.796 and 1.561 times likely, respectively, than those in other age brackets to contract NDS,.The patients with CC genotype was only 0.524 times likely than those with CT/TT genotype to suffer from NDS.CONCLUSION:PPARsm was correlated γw gene rs2921190 polymorphiith the susceptibility to NDS.

Role of toll-like receptor 4/mutant myeloid differentiation primary response 88/nuclear factor kappa-B mediated inflammation in diabetes mellitus with Northwest dryness syndrome

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/mutant myeloid differentiation primary response 88(MyD88)/nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling pathway-mediated inflammation in diabetes mellitus with Northwest dryness syndrome.METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into the normal control,type 2 diabetes(T2DM)model,Northwest dryness syndrome+T2DM(Northwest dryness),and simple internal dampness+T2DM(internal dampness)groups.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect biochemical indexes and inflammatory factors.The histopathological observation was performed.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels,respectively.RESULTS:Compared with the T2DM group,the glycosylated hemoglobin A1c,insulin,glucose tolerance,the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin 1β,interleukin 16,malondialdehyde,blood lipid,alanine aminotransferase,and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly elevated in the internal dampness group.Their levels were significantly elevated in the Northwest dryness group than in the T2DM and internal dampness groups.The superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,liver glycogen,and organ-to-weight ratio were significantly declined in the internal dampness group and the Northwest dryness group than in the T2DM group.However,these levels were elevated in the Northwest dryness group than in the internal dampness group.Moreover,the mRNA expression levels of interferon regulatory factor 5 and NF-κB p65,and the protein expression levels of TLR4,MyD88,and NF-κB were significantly higher in the internal dampness and the Northwest dryness groups than the T2DM group.Additionally,the mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in the Northwest dryness group than in the internal dampness group.CONCLUSION:Northwest dryness syndrome-mediated TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and chronic inflammation might be associated with the occurrence and development of T2DM.