VACTERL association represents a rare condition with a broad spectrum of coexisting congenital abnormalities. Although a multifactorial origin has been described, the etiology is still unclear. Prenatal diagnosis can ...VACTERL association represents a rare condition with a broad spectrum of coexisting congenital abnormalities. Although a multifactorial origin has been described, the etiology is still unclear. Prenatal diagnosis can be challenging, as specific characteristics may be difficult to be determined before birth. This case report describes the finding of multiple congenital abnormalities in a male fetus at 30 weeks of gestation. The most notable findings were the presence of duodenal stenosis, esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula (type 3), interatrial septal communication foramen ovale, and left nostril and choana agenesis. After birth and making a broad differential diagnosis, all these characteristics oriented the diagnosis towards the VACTERL association. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of VACTERL association and unilateral nostril and choana agenesis have been previously described.展开更多
This paper presents the current knowledge about the reconstruction of dinosaur heads. To reconstruct the dinosaur head, several features and functions of the head must be studied, namely osteology, musculature and sof...This paper presents the current knowledge about the reconstruction of dinosaur heads. To reconstruct the dinosaur head, several features and functions of the head must be studied, namely osteology, musculature and soft tissue of the head, cranial kinesis, craniodental biomechanical characteristics, posterior part of the cranium, skin, and others. The main steps and points resulting from the study are the following. Firstly, the osteological remains of the head are studied for reconstruction according to the correct size and form in comparison with known remains belonging to the same family in case the remains were not complete. As the dinosaurs did not have facial muscles, their skin was pressed directly to the skull. The skin covering the large openings in front of the orbits of many dinosaurs probably bulged gently outward, and similarly, the jaw muscles bulged gently from the skull openings. Also, an investigation is performed to decide if sauropods were terrestrial or aquatic animals. Then, the individual characteristics of the head are examined in detail. These concern: 1) endocranial cast and nerves, 2) nostrils position, 3) the existence and kind of cheeks and lips, 4) Teeth types and function, 5) the palate shape and skin covering, 6) hyoid apparatus and tongues, 7) the details of the ear, 8) sclerotic rings and eyes, 9) skin and color. With the knowledge gathered about the various parts of the head in mind, decisions are made about the Amargasaurus (a sauropod) head in order to reconstruct a 3D, actual size head, as a worked example. Finally, the reconstruction procedure is described in detail.展开更多
Summary： A surgical technique of lateral crus strut graft to correct the deformity of nostril contour and improve asymmetric nostril shape by autologous rib cartilage was reported. Thirty-five patients （20 males and...Summary： A surgical technique of lateral crus strut graft to correct the deformity of nostril contour and improve asymmetric nostril shape by autologous rib cartilage was reported. Thirty-five patients （20 males and 15 females）, with a mean age of 19 years （range of 16-26 years） were included in this study. All of the patients suffered moderate to severe unilateral cleft lip nostril deformity and underwent surgical technique of lateral crus strut graft by autologous rib cartilage to correct the asymmetric nostril contour from 2010 to 2012. The views of the nostril contour on both sides were reviewed and some parameters were measured at different time points （preoperatively, and 3 months and one year postoperatively） including the long axis and short axis of the nostrils. The differences in nostrils including long axis, short axis, elliptical area and eccentricity on the both sides were compared at different time points. The differences in the long axis and eccentricity of the nostrils on the two sides were decreased significantly between the preoperative view and postoperative view （P〈0.05）. The surgical technique of lateral crus graft with autologous rib cartilage is effective to correct the abnormal nostril contour and improve the asymmetry for unilateral cleft clip patients.展开更多
The periodic congestion and decongestion of the nasal venous sinuses and an alternation of airflow from one side of the nose to the other are known in literature as “nasal cycle”. It is established that nasal cycle ...The periodic congestion and decongestion of the nasal venous sinuses and an alternation of airflow from one side of the nose to the other are known in literature as “nasal cycle”. It is established that nasal cycle during 24-hours registration contains from 4 to 8 time full periods, length of which varies from 0.80 h to 5.75 h. The mean length of all full periods is 2.80 ± 0.17 h. The mean length of full periods of left nostril is 3.07 h and the mean length of periods of right nostril is 2.43 h. The result suggests that there is any asymmetry in length of periods of airflow trough left and right nostrils about 40 min. The longer periods of left nostril can be connected with higher metabolic and functional activity of brain and human organism during active work.展开更多
Objective:This study mainly discusses the clinical effect of treating pituitary adenoma by using single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under neuro-endoscope,and analyzes the influence on hospit...Objective:This study mainly discusses the clinical effect of treating pituitary adenoma by using single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under neuro-endoscope,and analyzes the influence on hospitalization time and bleeding volume.Methods:A total of 335 patients with pituitary adenoma treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were randomly selected for study.The patients were divided into two groups by number table method.167 patients in the reference group underwent single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under microscope.Also,168 patients in the study group underwent single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under neuroendoscope.The hospitalization time and bleeding volume and other surgical treatment effects were observed and compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the levels of prolactin(PRL),adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)between the two groups before operation(P>0.05);After surgical treatment,the levels of PRL,ACTH and TSH in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);In terms of surgical indexes,the operation time and hospital stay in the study group were shorter than those in the reference group,and the amount of surgical bleeding was less than that in the reference group(P<0.05);The total tumor resection rate in the study group was higher than that in the reference group,and the incidence of complications such as nasal septal defect,cerebrospinal fluid leakage and diabetes insipidus in the study group was lower than that in the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For pituitary adenoma diseases,using single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under neuroendoscope can improve the tumor resection rate,reduce the bleeding volume and shorten postoperative hospitalization time.展开更多
Due to the complex three-dimensional structure of the nose,the repair of the nasal defect requires reconstruction of three different layers:skin envelope,osteocartilaginous framework and nasal lining.Before nasal reco...Due to the complex three-dimensional structure of the nose,the repair of the nasal defect requires reconstruction of three different layers:skin envelope,osteocartilaginous framework and nasal lining.Before nasal reconstruction can be accomplished,the nose must rest on a stable platform to avoid late nasal obstructions,and septal deviations resulting from scar contraction.We present three cases of nasal reconstruction using a forehead flap in which we performed a preliminary stage to increase reliability of outcomes.展开更多
文摘VACTERL association represents a rare condition with a broad spectrum of coexisting congenital abnormalities. Although a multifactorial origin has been described, the etiology is still unclear. Prenatal diagnosis can be challenging, as specific characteristics may be difficult to be determined before birth. This case report describes the finding of multiple congenital abnormalities in a male fetus at 30 weeks of gestation. The most notable findings were the presence of duodenal stenosis, esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula (type 3), interatrial septal communication foramen ovale, and left nostril and choana agenesis. After birth and making a broad differential diagnosis, all these characteristics oriented the diagnosis towards the VACTERL association. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of VACTERL association and unilateral nostril and choana agenesis have been previously described.
文摘This paper presents the current knowledge about the reconstruction of dinosaur heads. To reconstruct the dinosaur head, several features and functions of the head must be studied, namely osteology, musculature and soft tissue of the head, cranial kinesis, craniodental biomechanical characteristics, posterior part of the cranium, skin, and others. The main steps and points resulting from the study are the following. Firstly, the osteological remains of the head are studied for reconstruction according to the correct size and form in comparison with known remains belonging to the same family in case the remains were not complete. As the dinosaurs did not have facial muscles, their skin was pressed directly to the skull. The skin covering the large openings in front of the orbits of many dinosaurs probably bulged gently outward, and similarly, the jaw muscles bulged gently from the skull openings. Also, an investigation is performed to decide if sauropods were terrestrial or aquatic animals. Then, the individual characteristics of the head are examined in detail. These concern: 1) endocranial cast and nerves, 2) nostrils position, 3) the existence and kind of cheeks and lips, 4) Teeth types and function, 5) the palate shape and skin covering, 6) hyoid apparatus and tongues, 7) the details of the ear, 8) sclerotic rings and eyes, 9) skin and color. With the knowledge gathered about the various parts of the head in mind, decisions are made about the Amargasaurus (a sauropod) head in order to reconstruct a 3D, actual size head, as a worked example. Finally, the reconstruction procedure is described in detail.
文摘Summary： A surgical technique of lateral crus strut graft to correct the deformity of nostril contour and improve asymmetric nostril shape by autologous rib cartilage was reported. Thirty-five patients （20 males and 15 females）, with a mean age of 19 years （range of 16-26 years） were included in this study. All of the patients suffered moderate to severe unilateral cleft lip nostril deformity and underwent surgical technique of lateral crus strut graft by autologous rib cartilage to correct the asymmetric nostril contour from 2010 to 2012. The views of the nostril contour on both sides were reviewed and some parameters were measured at different time points （preoperatively, and 3 months and one year postoperatively） including the long axis and short axis of the nostrils. The differences in nostrils including long axis, short axis, elliptical area and eccentricity on the both sides were compared at different time points. The differences in the long axis and eccentricity of the nostrils on the two sides were decreased significantly between the preoperative view and postoperative view （P〈0.05）. The surgical technique of lateral crus graft with autologous rib cartilage is effective to correct the abnormal nostril contour and improve the asymmetry for unilateral cleft clip patients.
文摘The periodic congestion and decongestion of the nasal venous sinuses and an alternation of airflow from one side of the nose to the other are known in literature as “nasal cycle”. It is established that nasal cycle during 24-hours registration contains from 4 to 8 time full periods, length of which varies from 0.80 h to 5.75 h. The mean length of all full periods is 2.80 ± 0.17 h. The mean length of full periods of left nostril is 3.07 h and the mean length of periods of right nostril is 2.43 h. The result suggests that there is any asymmetry in length of periods of airflow trough left and right nostrils about 40 min. The longer periods of left nostril can be connected with higher metabolic and functional activity of brain and human organism during active work.
文摘Objective:This study mainly discusses the clinical effect of treating pituitary adenoma by using single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under neuro-endoscope,and analyzes the influence on hospitalization time and bleeding volume.Methods:A total of 335 patients with pituitary adenoma treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were randomly selected for study.The patients were divided into two groups by number table method.167 patients in the reference group underwent single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under microscope.Also,168 patients in the study group underwent single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under neuroendoscope.The hospitalization time and bleeding volume and other surgical treatment effects were observed and compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the levels of prolactin(PRL),adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)between the two groups before operation(P>0.05);After surgical treatment,the levels of PRL,ACTH and TSH in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);In terms of surgical indexes,the operation time and hospital stay in the study group were shorter than those in the reference group,and the amount of surgical bleeding was less than that in the reference group(P<0.05);The total tumor resection rate in the study group was higher than that in the reference group,and the incidence of complications such as nasal septal defect,cerebrospinal fluid leakage and diabetes insipidus in the study group was lower than that in the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For pituitary adenoma diseases,using single nostril transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma under neuroendoscope can improve the tumor resection rate,reduce the bleeding volume and shorten postoperative hospitalization time.
文摘Due to the complex three-dimensional structure of the nose,the repair of the nasal defect requires reconstruction of three different layers:skin envelope,osteocartilaginous framework and nasal lining.Before nasal reconstruction can be accomplished,the nose must rest on a stable platform to avoid late nasal obstructions,and septal deviations resulting from scar contraction.We present three cases of nasal reconstruction using a forehead flap in which we performed a preliminary stage to increase reliability of outcomes.
