Letters of the Hebrew Alphabet:As Sound Notation

While Bronze Age Proto-Sinaic and Proto-Canaanite syllabic inscriptions were found engraved on fragments of pottery and stone,evidence of early alphabetic script was also inscribed in ink onto a massive parchment scroll,known as the Torah.Albeit the contours of those original characters transformed over time,it took the clairvoyant genius of Moses,and later the scribes of Ancient Israel,to configure and adapt ancient semitic prototypes into phonetic letters,producing the greatest literary document in the history of the world,the Bible.This article summarizes the acoustic properties of that alphabet,with further historical considerations.

A Process Oriented Integration Model for Smart Health Services

Cities are facing challenges of high rise in population number and con-sequently need to be equipped with latest smart services to provide luxuries of life to its residents.Smart integrated solutions are also a need to deal with the social and environmental challenges,caused by increasing urbanization.Currently,the development of smart services’integrated network,within a city,is facing the bar-riers including;less efficient collection and sharing of data,along with inadequate collaboration of software and hardware.Aiming to resolve these issues,this paper recommended a solution for a synchronous functionality in the smart services’integration process through modeling technique.Using this integration modeling solution,atfirst,the service participants,processes and tasks of smart services are identified and then standard illustrations are developed for the better understand-ing of the integrated service group environment.Business process modeling and notation(BPMN)language based models are developed and discussed for a devised case study,to test and experiment i.e.,for remote healthcare from a smart home.The research is concluded with the integration process model application for the required data sharing among different service groups.The outcomes of the modeling are better understanding and attaining maximum automation that can be referenced and replicated.

The User Interfaces Transition Diagram-Editor: A Tool to Simplify User-System Interaction Modeling

The User Interface Transition Diagram (UITD) is a formal modeling notation that simplifies the specification and design of user-system interactions. It is a valuable communication tool for technical and non-technical stakeholders during the requirements elicitation phase, as it provides a simple yet technically complete notation that is easy to understand. In this paper, we investigated the efficiency of creating UITDs using draw.io, a widely used diagramming software, compared to a dedicated UITD editor. We conducted a study to compare the time required to use each tool to complete the task of creating a medium size UITD, as well as the subjective ease of use and satisfaction of participants with the dedicated Editor. Our results show that the UITD editor is more efficient and preferred by participants, highlighting the importance of using specialized tools for creating formal models such as UITDs. The findings of this study have implications for software developers, designers, and other stakeholders involved in the specification and design of user-system interactions.

安全论证方法及其在铁路信号开发安全保障中的应用

随着我国铁路运行速度的提高和运行间隔的缩短,以及计算机和通信技术在信号系统中的大规模应用,安全问题显得越发重要和复杂。如何针对我国国情,保证新一代信号系统的安全性是当前必须面对的难题。本文以安全目标为主线,采用安全论证的方法对系统研发阶段的安全保障进行规划和验证。在此基础上,构建信号系统的论证驱动安全设计框架,以GSN论证语言为基础设计安全论证的软件系统。

JSON数据交换格式及其在数据验证中的应用

为了解决Web应用中复杂数据验证的效率和安全性问题,提出了基于JSON(Java Script Object Notation)的数据验证方案。与XML比较,JSON在Web数据交换处理上的更具优势。采用JSON来缓存元数据,便于存储复杂的验证数据,客户端容易解析和使用。在具体实现上,通过服务器程序生成JSON存储验证数据和函数,利用AJAX技术设计客户端函数来访问元数据以验证用户输入。实现的结果表明:由于使用JSON存储复杂的元数据和验证规则,该方案在保证安全性和可扩展性的同时,提高了验证效率。

AJAX与WCF的交互

AJAX(asynchronous javascript and XML)是当前B/S系统中广泛采用的异步处理技术,WCF(windows communication foundation)使人们使用不同的技术构建分布式应用系统更加容易,笔者提出了AJAX与WCF两种交互方法的具体实现,并给出在WCF框架中实现AJAX技术的一种编程模型.

Modeling and Simulation of Laparoscopic Tools for Autonomously Positioning Laparoscope in Laparoscopic Surgery

In laparoscopic surgery, the surgeons are equipped with the suitable tools for the surgery, while the laparoscope is used to capture the operation environment and displays it on a monitor. This paper presents the mathematical kinematic position modeling of the laparoscopic tools used for autonomous positioning of a laparoscope in such operations. These models are obtained using Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) Notations and Homogenous Transformation Matrix (HTM). The laparoscopic tools are considered as six degrees of freedom (DOF) mechanisms while the laparoscope has four DOF. The 3D loop closure equation is used to obtain the laparoscope kinematic position models in terms of those of the laparoscopic tools. These models are used to simulate and align the laparoscope camera with the surgeon’s laparoscopic Tools Center Points (TCP). The obtained results show the smooth positioning of the laparoscope camera for better visu-alization of laparoscopic surgery environments.

基于Ontology的元搜索引擎设计

由于Web资源的急剧增长,网络信息的查找变得越来越重要,搜索引擎是当今主要的搜索工具。为提高查找的查全率和查准率,本文提出了一种基于本体的元搜索引擎的系统模型,并描述了运用Notation3建立本体的方法。

A Real-Time Automatic Translation of Text to Sign Language

Communication is a basic need of every human being;by this,they can learn,express their feelings and exchange their ideas,but deaf people cannot listen and speak.For communication,they use various hands gestures,also known as Sign Language(SL),which they learn from special schools.As normal people have not taken SL classes;therefore,they are unable to perform signs of daily routine sentences(e.g.,what are the specifications of this mobile phone?).A technological solution can facilitate in overcoming this communication gap by which normal people can communicate with deaf people.This paper presents an architecture for an application named Sign4PSL that translates the sentences to Pakistan Sign Language(PSL)for deaf people with visual representation using virtual signing character.This research aims to develop a generic independent application that is lightweight and reusable on any platform,including web and mobile,with an ability to perform offline text translation.The Sign4PSL relies on a knowledge base that stores both corpus of PSL Words and their coded form in the notation system.Sign4PSL takes English language text as an input,performs the translation to PSL through sign language notation and displays gestures to the user using virtual character.The system is tested on deaf students at a special school.The results have shown that the students were able to understand the story presented to them appropriately.

A Coordination-Based Algorithm for Dedicated Destination Vehicle Routing in B2B E-Commerce

This paper proposes a solution to the open vehicle routing problem with time windows(OVRPTW)considering third-party logistics(3PL).For the typical OVRPTW problem,most researchers consider time windows,capacity,routing limitations,vehicle destination,etc.Most researchers who previously investigated this problem assumed the vehicle would not return to the depot,but did not consider its final destination.However,by considering 3PL in the B2B e-commerce,the vehicle is required back to the nearest 3PL location with available space.This paper formulates the problem as a mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model with the objective of minimizing the total travel distance.A coordinate representation particle swarm optimization(CRPSO)algorithm is developed to obtain the best delivery sequencing and the capacity of each vehicle.Results of the computational study show that the proposed method provides solution within a reasonable amount of time.Finally,the result compared to PSO also indicates that the CRPSO is effective.

Transformation of the Navier-Stokes Equation to the Cauchy Momentum Equation Using a Novel Mathematical Notation

A transformation way of the Navier-Stokes differential equation was presented. The obtained result is the Cauchy momentum equation. The transformation was performed using a novel shorten mathematical notation presented at the beginning of the transformation.

An Integration of UML Sequence Diagram with Formal Specification Methods—A Formal Solution Based on Z

UML Diagrams are considered as a main component in requirement engineering process and these become an industry standard in many organizations. UML diagrams are useful to show an interaction, behavior and structure of the system. Similarly, in requirement engineering, formal specification methods are also being used in crucial systems where precise information is required. It is necessary to integrate System Models with such formal methods to overcome the requirements errors i.e. contradiction, ambiguities, vagueness, incompleteness and mixed values of abstraction. Our objective is to integrate the Formal Specification Language (Z) with UML Sequence diagram, as sequence diagram is an interaction diagram which shows the interaction and proper sequence of components (Methods, procedures etc.) of the system. In this paper, we focus on components of UML Sequence diagram and then implement these components in formal specification language Z. And the results of this research papers are complete integrated components of Sequence diagram with Z schemas, which are verified by using tools and model based testing technique of Formal Specifications. Results can be more improved by integrating remaining components of Sequence and other UML diagrams into Formal Specification Language.

安全组管理模型研究

形式化方法是研究复杂管理系统的有用工具。本文提出一个基于状态的安全组管理形式模型,采用 Z Nota-tion语言描述。安全组是共享组密钥的授权成员的集合,本文不是直接定义安全组而是定义组状态,组状态是某一时刻的组安全上下文,组的安全性和可靠性描述为某时刻组状态的性质。组管理过程是事件触发的组状态的变换过程,其终极目标是保证组在任一个稳定时刻都处于安全状态,但完全安全是不可能的。本文给出一个组策略框架,在此框架下提出安全组管理行为规则,并说明根据规则组状态转换过程满足安全策略约束。

Rethinking about the Formulae of the Relationship between Euler Angles and Texture

The formulae of the relationships between Euler angles and texture are important for the orientation distribution functions of research materials.At present,it is found that the formulae for the orthogonal and hexagonal crystal structure proposed by Roe and Bunge are not in accord with the normal direction(ND)being perpendicular to the rolling direction(RD).In this paper,these formulae are deduced independently according to the notations proposed by Roe and Bunge.The results show that in addition to the coincidence with the formulae for the cubic crystal structure given by the Roe and Bunge,the other formulae are different from Roe’s and Bunge’s.The new formulae are in accord with ND,RD,and transverse direction(TD)at right angles.

具有有界变量的瓶颈分配问题的一个并行算法(英文)

本文提出一并行算法求解具有优个约束以及n个非负有界变量的瓶颈资源分配问题,若有m台处理机,在一定条件下该并行算法的复杂度为O(n(n+logm))。

基于实时数据的煤矿三维安全生产信息平台

针对煤矿现有信息系统独立运行,系统之间“数据壁垒”“信息孤岛”现象严重的问题,提出一种基于实时数据的煤矿三维安全生产信息平台,利用轻量级数据交换格式Json,对煤矿现有信息系统中实时数据进行集成、汇聚,并根据实时生成的Json文件数据,实现煤矿主要安全生产系统的三维可视化仿真。该平台已在山西焦煤集团所属某煤矿成功应用,实现了对煤矿主要安全生产过程的三维可视化监测。

ENERGY CALCULUSIN CHINESE LANGUAGE SEGMENTATION

Based on cognitive science, the EnergyCalculus in Chinese language segmentation was presented to eliminate segmentation ambiguity. The notion of “EnergyCost” was advanced to denote the extent of the under standability of a certain segmentation. EnergyCost function was defined with Z notation. This approcah is effective to all natural language segmentation.

Specifying Hotel Guestroom Reservation System Using ZNotation

The use of formal specification in software development is becoming increasingly prevalent. The Z notation is a formal method, a language, and a style for expressing formal specification of software systems. This paper presents a part of the specification work on a hotel guestroom reservation system.

Modeling Components and Services of LTE Mobile Communications System

The latest wireless broadband network standard is LTE (Long Term Evolution) which is developed by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project). It will enable mobile devices such as smart phones, tablets and laptops to access Internet at a very high speed along with lots of multimedia services. There are many issues that are yet to be solved due to dynamic complex nature of wireless systems, multimedia software applications and software requirements. Poor service quality, service disconnections due to mobility, seamless handover, handover interruption time and downward compatibility to other Radio Access Networks (RAN) are some of the key issues for the current LTE systems that are addressed very recently in the scientific literature. Formal method is one of the promising software engineering techniques that assure quality and perfection in software system models. Formal methods use mathematical language to explicitly specify system specifications and requirements that serve as initial grounds for further development and implementation. It efficiently handles all component connections and resource management parameters using discrete structures. Z Schema language is used to model static aspects of LTE communications system. All the schemas are being verified using Z/Eves toolset. The aim is to provide sound mathematical foundation for system validation and verification that eventually results in a more reliable, scalable and complete software system.

Interpretation Method of Guqin (Chinese Ancient Zither) Notation Based on Radical and Structural Analysis

Guqin music is a precious cultural heritage of China. The notation of Guqin is very special, which records its playing methods and techniques. For the purpose of preserving the guqin art, the digitalization of guqin notation and an interpretation method of guqin notation were conducted. By using this interpretation method, raw images of handwritten notations are transformed into structural data that can be processed and analyzed by computers easily. The method decomposes each single complex character of guqin notations into simple radicals and finds the structure of the character. According to the radicals and the structure, the character is interpreted into meaningful codes. The experimental results show our method is effective.