Target acquisition performance in the presence of JPEG image compression

This paper presents an investigation on the effect of JPEG compression on the similarity between the target image and the background,where the similarity is further used to determine the degree of clutter in the image.Four new clutter metrics based on image quality assessment are introduced,among which the Haar wavelet-based perceptual similarity index,known as HaarPSI,provides the best target acquisition prediction results.It is shown that the similarity between the target and the background at the boundary between visually lossless and visually lossy compression does not change significantly compared to the case when an uncompressed image is used.In future work,through subjective tests,it is necessary to check whether this presence of compression at the threshold of just noticeable differences will affect the human target acquisition performance.Similarity values are compared with the results of subjective tests of the well-known target Search_2 database,where the degree of agreement between objective and subjective scores,measured through linear correlation,reached a value of 90%.

Survey of visual just noticeable difference estimation

The concept of just noticeable difference (JND), which accounts for the visibility threshold (visual redundancy)of the human visual system,is useful in perceptionoriented signal processing systems.In this work,we present a comprehensive review of JND estimation technology.First, the visual mechanism and its corresponding computational modules are illustrated.These include luminance adaptation, contrast masking,pattern masking,and the contrast sensitivity function.Next,the existing pixel domain and subband domain YND models are presented and analyzed.Finally,the challenges associated with JND estimation are discussed.

Relation of loudness to loudness just noticeable difference of tone

A relation of loudness to loudness just noticeable difference (JND) is derived based on signal detection theory and the hypothesis that loudness is the nerve spike count in the duration of T, and the spike rate distribution of stable tonal stimulus is a stable normal stochastic process. The relation suggests that ratio of loudness JND to loudness of tone is independent of intensity, which can explain well experimental results about the relation of intensity JND to intensity of tone, especially those that could not be explained before such as the Weber fraction hump at the moderate level and the near miss to Weber's law.

Relations of intensity just noticeable difference to intensity of tonal bursts with various durations

The relations of intensity Just Noticeable Difference (JND) to intensity for tone bursts maybe,depend on signal durations according to Jont B.Allen's [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 102 3, 1997, 3628--3646.]. The intensity just noticeable differences for tone bursts with durations of 1 ms, 10 ms, 100 ms, 1000 ms, 5000 ms and 10000 ms were measured at different intensity levels of 20 dB, 30 dB, 40 dB, 50 dB, 60 dB, 70 dB, 80 dB, 90 dB, 100 dB. The data show that variance of Weber fraction (△I/I) with intensity is distinct from Riesz's result and SPIN theory, and that the relations between Weber fraction and intensity for signals of different durations are similar in spite of Weber fraction decreasing to asymptote with signal duration increasing. This means the difference of pulse measurement of intensity JND from Riesz's result and SPIN theory does not arise from the limited signal duration of pulse method and provides new cue for hearing research.

Measurement on just noticeable difference of auditory perception with visual stimuli

This paper addresses the JND（Just Noticeable Difference）change of auditory perception with synchronous visual stimuli.Through psychoacoustics experimentS,loudness JND,subjective duration JND and pitch JND of pure tone were measured in auditory-only mode and visual_auditory mode with different visual stimuli which have different attributes such as color,illumination,quality and moving state.Statistical analyses of the experimental data indicare that,comparing with JND in auditory-only mode,the amount of JND with visual stimuli is often larger.The JND＇S average increment of subjective duration,pitch and loudness are 45.1%,14.8%and 12.3%,respectively.The conclusion is that the ability of JNDbased auditory perception often decreases with visual stimuli.The incremental amount of JND is afiected bv the attributes of visual stimuli.If the visual stimuli make subjects feel more comfortable,the JND of auditory perception will change smaller.

气象观测场在汽车试验场中的应用研究

汽车试验场作为汽车开展道路测试的重要场所,用于验证汽车产品的品质以及可靠性。除了场地道路外,气象条件作为汽车道路测试的重要一环,在《GB/T12534-1990汽车道路试验方法通则》中也有明确要求,如:试验时应是无雨无雾天气,相对湿度小于95%,气温0-40℃,风速不大于3m/s。同时气象条件也作为试验场道路管控的重要依据,实时风速、雨量、能见度等信息为场地管理者发布限速、限行、封场等通知提供必要参考依据,直接影响道路测试安全管控的及时性。因此,文章从气象观测场的建设、气象服务、异常天气道路管控等方面开展气象观测场在汽车试验场中的应用研究。

Assessment of retracted papers,and their retraction notices,from a cancer journal associated with“paper mills”

Cancer research is occasionally described as being in a reproducibility crisis.The cancer literature has ample papers retracted due to misconduct,including the use of paper mills,invalid authorship,or fake data.The objective of this paper was to gain an appreciation of the balance of retractions and associated retraction notices of 23 retracted Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals papers associated with paper mills.By 23 March 2023,these retracted papers had already accumulated 287 citations according to Web of Science Core Collection,253 according to Scopus,and 365 according to Google Scholar,i.e.,metrically speaking,they were highly rewarded.All authors had an affiliation(71%being a hospital)in China.Most(12/21;57%)of corresponding authors had emails with a@163.com suffix.Four of the retraction notices(i.e.,17%)explicitly indicated paper mills as a reason for retraction although,in general,the retraction notices lacked details and background that could assist readers’understanding of the retractions.

结合JND模型的图像拼接缝消除方法

该文针对待拼接图像间的亮度差异而导致拼接图像存在拼接缝的问题,提出一种基于JND(Just Noticeable Difference)模型的新的亮度拼接缝去除方法。该图像拼接缝优化算法分为3个步骤。将待优化图像变换到HSV空间,并提取V分量;在V分量图中自适应确定过渡区域宽度,根据JND模型计算区域内各点的优化阈值确定优化量大小并进行优化;将优化后的V分量与分离的H,S分量结合进行逆变换即可得到最终优化的拼接图像。实验结果表明,该算法能够实现图像亮度的平滑过渡,在亮度差较大的情况下也能得到较好结果。同时,该算法能够有效地避免常用基于RGB空间的拼接缝去除方法所带来的偏色问题,具有更大的适用范围。

微课在职业院校英语应用文写作教学中的应用——以notice为例

职业院校的英语教学应遵循＂实用为主,够用为度＂的原则,应用文写作教学一直是英语教学中的＂鸡肋＂,难啃但很具实用性。微课的引入摆脱了授课型教学单调乏味的特性,又能准确高效地帮助学生掌握基础的英语应用文体的写作技巧。如何发挥微课在英语应用文写作课堂教学中的作用是本文的研究重点,本文以notice为例加以阐释。

On the Role of Noticing in Second Language Acquisition and Learning

Apparent discrepancy exists between Schmidt's Noticing Hypothesis and Krashen's Input Hypothesis. Whilst Krashen highlights the importance of comprehensible input and asserts that language is acquired unconciously, the notion of conscious learning has gained wide support from Schmidt and other researchers. They argue that noticing enhances second language development as one crucial level of consciousness. By reviewing the theoretical constructs that underlie the role of noticing, this paper aims to justify the role of noticing as one crucial level of consciousness in enhancing second language learning.

A Perceptual Video Coding Based on JND Model

In view of the fact that the current high efficiency video coding standard does not consider the characteristics of human vision, this paper proposes a perceptual video coding algorithm based on the just noticeable distortion model (JND). The adjusted JND model is combined into the transformation quantization process in high efficiency video coding (HEVC) to remove more visual redundancy and maintain compatibility. First of all, we design the JND model based on pixel domain and transform domain respectively, and the pixel domain model can give the JND threshold more intuitively on the pixel. The transform domain model introduces the contrast sensitive function into the model, making the threshold estimation more precise. Secondly, the proposed JND model is embedded in the HEVC video coding framework. For the transformation skip mode (TSM) in HEVC, we adopt the existing pixel domain called nonlinear additively model (NAMM). For the non-transformation skip mode (non-TSM) in HEVC, we use transform domain JND model to further reduce visual redundancy. The simulation results show that in the case of the same visual subjective quality, the algorithm can save more bitrates.

Principled Pragmatism:Understanding the EU Position on Economic Relations with China

The EU-China relations have been experiencing noticeable changes in recent years, with the EU turning realist and putting more emphasis on interests in its interactions with China. This "principled pragmatism," reflected in the EU's position on China's Belt and Road Initiative, heralds the crossroads of bilateral relations.

The Application of Noticing Theory to English Writing Teaching and Learning in China

"Noticing"is emphasized for its great influence on second language learning. Based on the previous related studies,this paper attempts to apply noticing theory to English writing teaching and learning in China by means of the enlargement of input,the implement of output-oriented activities and the focus on feedback.

Electrical and optical measurements in the early hydrogen discharge of GLAST-Ⅲ

This work presents the first electrical and optical measurements of the initial phase of hydrogen discharge in the upgraded spherical tokamak GLAST-III, initiated with electron cyclotron heating（ECH）. Diagnostic measurements provide insights into expected and unexpected physics issues related to the initial phase of discharge. A triple Langmuir probe（TLP） has been developed to measure time series of the floating potential, plasma electron temperature and number density over the entire discharge, allowing monitoring of the two phases of the discharge： the ECH pre-ionization phase following by the plasma current formation phase. A TLP has the ability to give time-resolved measurements of the floating potential（V_（float））, electron temperature（T_e） and ion saturation current（I_（sat）∝n_e√kT_e）.sat e eThe evolution of the ECH-assisted pre-ionization and subsequent plasma current phases in one shot are well envisioned by the probe. Intense fluctuations in the plasma current phase advocate for efficient equilibrium and feedback control systems. Moreover, the emergence of some strong impurity lines in the emission spectrum, even after only a few shots, suggests a crucial need for improvements in the base vacuum level. A noticeable change in the shape of the temporal profiles of the floating potential, electron temperature, ion saturation current（I_（sat）） and light emission has been observed with changing hydrogen fill pressure and vertical magnetic field.

英语幽默故事选萃(英文)

1. The Notes An elderly husband and wife noticed that they were beginning to forget many little things around the house. They were afraid that this

The Importance of Noticing in Second Language Acquisition(SLA) from Cognitive Perspective

The aim of this paper is to enhance our understanding of the importance of noticing in Second Language Acquisition(SLA)from cognitive perspective.This paper mainly includes two parts:a)to consider the theoretical constructs that underlie the role of noticing from cognitive perspective,that is,in order to acquire any particular aspect of a second language(L2)the learner must first notice it.Noticing is necessary and sufficient for successful SLA;without noticing,there can be no move from input to intake;and b)to assess the validity of the assumption that noticing linguistic forms plays a crucial role in SLA,the researcher of this study attempts to investigate the potentially facilitative effects of output and visual input enhancement on the noticing and learning of the target form,adverb of frequency,by beginning learners of English as a Foreign Language(EFL).The study is a controlled experimental one with a pretest-posttest design,involving four experimental groups and one control group.A repro duction and reading task is used as the vehicle of presentation of the target input text.In this study,the following two major find ings are evident.Firstly,the subjects engaged in the output-input treatment outperformed those exposed to the same input for the sole purpose of comprehension in learning the target form.Secondly,in contrast to the positive effect of output,visual input enhancement failed to indicate any measurable effect on learning.This research paper proves that the form-based approach that induced learners to notice linguistic forms during instruction demonstrated greater benefit to learners’interlanguage development than the content-based approach that exposed learners only in comprehensible input situation.

Author Correction:The complexity of the Fragaria x ananassa(octoploid)transcriptome by single-molecule long-read sequencing

Since the publication of this article,the authors have noticed that the part of acknowledgement is missing from article.Here is the acknowledgement.

The Role of Non-verbal Behavior of Teachers in Providing Students Corrective Feedback and Their Consequences

Considering the primary focus of corrective feedback literature on verbal-correction provided by teachers and lack of attention to the role of other forms of corrective feedback in FL （foreign language） classroom interaction, this paper demonstrates how essential teachers＇ non-verbal communication and stance display are in making students＇ errors noticeable for them by providing samples from videotaped data. The findings in this study provide insights into the use of non-verbal behavior in providing students with corrective feedback. This study shows that research dealing only with verbal corrections provided by FL teachers cannot fully define the classroom interaction in terms of teachers＇ use of error correction techniques and student notification and uptake.

Notice Soliciting Subscription to “Journal of Central South University of Technology”

Central South University (CSU) is one of Chinese key universities,which is affiliated with the Ministry of Education.