大型高分辨率多接收等离子体质谱准确测定地质标样的铁同位素组成

使用AGMP-1M阴离子交换树脂提纯样品中的Fe同位素,利用Nu1700大型多接收等离子体质谱在高分辨率模式下测定铁同位素比值,采用标样-样品交叉法校正仪器的质量歧视效应,对回收率、化学流程本底、酸度效应、浓度效应进行了检验,建立了可靠的高精度铁同位素分析技术。本文测定了常用地质标准样品(BCR-2,BHVO-2,AGV-2,GSR-2,GSR-3)的Fe同位素组成,测定结果与文献报道值在误差范围内一致,其测试精度优于(BCR-2,BHVO-2,AGV-2,GSR-3)0.03‰(2SD)。GSR-2可能受Fe含量较低(TFe_2O_3=4.95%)和均一性的影响,获得的δ^(56)Fe和δ^(57)Fe的测试精度分别为0.05‰和0.07‰(2SD)。

Breeding and Evaluation of New Iron Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb) Varieties

[Objective] This study was conducted to develop some new iron yam(Dioscorea opposita) varieties with excellent cooking, eating and nutritional qualities.[Method] The fresh weight per plant, drying rate, dry weight per plant, yield, allantoin content, water soluble extract content and disease resistance of seven new iron yam cultivars(No.1, No.2, No.4, No.6, No.8, No.9 and No.10) obtained through spaceflight mutation breeding were measured and compared with control(No.11).Then, the nutrition quality of two elite cultivars No. 6 and No.10 was determined by comparing with the control. [Result] The eight iron yam cultivars ranked in descending order of their fresh weight per plant as follows: No.6(0.255 kg)>No.10(0.254 kg)>No.4(0.242 kg)>No.9(0.237 kg)>No.1(0.233 kg)>No.11(0.206 kg)>No.2(0.191 kg)>No.8(0.157 kg). There was no significant difference in fresh weight per plant between No.6 and No.10, but extremely significant difference between No.6 and the control,No.10 and the control. The eight iron yam cultivars ranked in descending order of their drying rate as follows: No.2(32.641%)>No.10(32.230%)>No.9(28.223%)>No.6(25.174%)>No.8(25.122%)>No.11(25.043%)>No.1(24.291%)>No.4(20.234%). The drying rate of both No.6 and No.10 was higher than that of the control. The eight iron yam cultivars ranked in descending order of their dry weight per plant as follows:No.10(0.082 kg)>No.9(0.067 kg)>No.6(0.064 kg)>No.2(0.062 kg)>No.1(0.056 kg)>No.11(0.052 kg)>No.4(0.049 kg)>No.8(0.039 kg). The dry weight per plant of both No.6and No.10 is higher than that of the control. The eight iron yam cultivars ranked in descending order of their allantoin content as follows No.6(0.484%)>No.4(0.467%)>No.10(0.399%) >No.11(0.386%) >No.9(0.378%) >No.8(0.350%) >No.2(0.342) >No.1(0.325%). The allantoin content of No.6 was significantly higher than that of No.10 and the control. There was significant difference in allantoin content between No.6and No.10, but no significant difference between No 10 and the control. The eight iron yam cultivars ranked in descending order of their extract content as follows No.6(20.49%)>No.2(16.01%)>No.4(15.54%)>No.10(15.35%)>No.1(14.48%)>No.11(14.10%)>No.9(13.88%)>No.8(11.87%). The extract content of No.6 exhibited extremely significant difference with that of No.10 and the control, and the extract content of No.10 was also significantly different from that of the control. The taste of No.10 was dry, soft, floury, sweet and fragrant, better than that of the other seven cultivars.No.6 had the strongest resistance to Gloeosporium pestis and Cylindrosporium dioscoreae. No.10 had a middle resistance to G. pestis and a strong resistance to C. dioscoreae. No.6 and No.10 had higher contents of starch, reducing sugar, protein and ash, lower water content and better nutrition quality than the control.[Conclusion] No.10 can be popularized as a new variety of edible iron yam, and No.6as a new variety of medicinal iron yam.

日本汉字流通的成立过程

本文是论述关于日本列岛汉字普及的过程及其历史。从57年赐予倭国王的金印、3世纪《三国志·魏志·倭人传》的记载、中国带来的镜上的汉字来看，多处可见倭人知道汉字的想法。也有从应神天皇的时代王仁带来《千字文》和《论语》、《宋书·倭国传》记载顺帝升明二年（478）倭王武送呈出色的上表，有提倡倭王武熟知汉字的说法。但是至6世纪《隋书·倭国传》中，关于日本列岛的文字使用状况记载有“无文字，唯刻木结绳”，这是隋朝遣使看到的实际状况。6世纪佛教从百济传来，随着佛教经典的流入，为了理解佛教需要学习汉字。这样的情况成为日本列岛汉字的导入时期。610年高丽僧昙征渡来并制作纸墨。之后7世纪中叶出现了木简的出土文物。这是官员处理事务使用汉字，也可以看出日本列岛汉字普及的痕迹。之后藤原京、平城京出土了大量木简。至8世纪编纂《古事记》、《日本书纪》，日本列岛的汉字熟练水平提高。不久简化汉字制作假名，产生了以音表记和训表记日语的独自的汉字的使用。其基础是在6世纪至7世纪中叶建立的。

多糖铁复合物胶囊联合健脾生血颗粒治疗妊娠期缺铁性贫血

目的探讨多糖铁复合物胶囊联合健脾生血颗粒治疗妊娠期缺铁性贫血的有效性和安全性。方法选取2015年1月至2016年12月本院收治的缺铁性贫血孕妇为研究对象,共98例,随机分为对照1组(n=33)、对照2组(n=33)和观察组(n=32),对照1组口服多糖铁复合物胶囊0.3 g,一日1次;对照2组口服健脾生血颗粒每次15 g,一日2~3次;观察组口服多糖铁复合物胶囊联合健脾生血颗粒,用法用量同对照组,疗程均为4周,检测3组血液生化指标、评价临床疗效及不良反应。结果治疗后,3组血红蛋白、血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白饱和度及红细胞计数均明显高于同组治疗前,且观察组高于对照1组和对照2组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组总有效率(90.63%)高于对照1组(78.79%)及对照2组(72.73%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组不良反应发生率均较低,比较组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论多糖铁复合物胶囊联合健脾生血颗粒治疗妊娠期缺铁性贫血可改善患者血液生化指标,疗效优于单药治疗,不良反应较少,值得临床推广。