Fluorine contaminates the environment. The study of fluorine contamination profile can be made easy by the use of nuclear analytic method. Measurement of prompt gamma emitted from bombarding fluorine polluted environm...Fluorine contaminates the environment. The study of fluorine contamination profile can be made easy by the use of nuclear analytic method. Measurement of prompt gamma emitted from bombarding fluorine polluted environmental sample with proton beam from accelerator provides rapid assessment of fluorine contamination. In this paper, 340 keV proton beam induced F 19 (P,αγ) O 16 reaction is performed, measurement of prompt gamma 6130 keV gives fluorine content in the soil and leaves of plants (parasol, cotton and glossy privet), taken from the fluorine polluted area.展开更多
该研究采用Web of Science引文数据库,以perfluoroalkyl substances or polyfluoroalkyl substances or PFAS or PFASs作为检索主题词,通过WOS和VOSviewer对相关文献进行数据计量分析,探讨全球范围内该研究领域的研究热点及发展方向。...该研究采用Web of Science引文数据库,以perfluoroalkyl substances or polyfluoroalkyl substances or PFAS or PFASs作为检索主题词,通过WOS和VOSviewer对相关文献进行数据计量分析,探讨全球范围内该研究领域的研究热点及发展方向。结果表明,在该领域研究中,美国在发文量、总被引、H指数方面位居榜首,在该领域的研究中占据优势地位;发文机构中,中国科学研究院发文量第一;对近5年关键词的共现分析发现PFASs在不同水体及生物体中的暴露仍然是近几年的研究热点,尤其关注饮用水及人体暴露。对于我国PFASs的环境暴露也是近期研究的重点之一。展开更多
The US Green Building Council’s(USGBC)LEED guidelines have become the dominant third-party certification program for“green”buildings in the US.Given that buildings use 37%of all energy and 68%of all electricity whi...The US Green Building Council’s(USGBC)LEED guidelines have become the dominant third-party certification program for“green”buildings in the US.Given that buildings use 37%of all energy and 68%of all electricity while contributing substantially to air emission,waste generation,and water consumption issues in the US,one of LEED’s purposes is to address the environmental impacts of energy use in buildings.This research analyzes(1)how well the LEED guidelines measure these impacts and(2)which parameters create the most variation among these impacts.Environmental impacts here refer to emissions of carbon dioxide,nitrogen oxides,sulfur dioxide,mercury,and par-ticulate matter(PM10);solid waste;nuclear waste;and water consumption.Using data from the US Department of Energy,the National Renewable Energy Laboratory,the US EPA Energy Star program,and the USGBC,among others,models using Monte Carlo analysis were created to simulate the range of impacts of LEED-certified buildings.Various metrics and statistics were calculated to highlight the significance of variation in these impacts.Future re-search needs and implications of the results for LEED version 3.0 are also discussed.展开更多
【背景】活的但不可培养(viable but non-culturable, VBNC)状态是细菌应对不利环境压力的适应性反应,VBNC在医学和食品领域已经备受关注,但在环境领域中近10年才开始受到重视。目前,采用文献计量学对环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究尚未见报...【背景】活的但不可培养(viable but non-culturable, VBNC)状态是细菌应对不利环境压力的适应性反应,VBNC在医学和食品领域已经备受关注,但在环境领域中近10年才开始受到重视。目前,采用文献计量学对环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究尚未见报道。【目的】调查国内外环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究现状,归纳总结其研究热点、趋势与不足,旨在为环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究提供借鉴。【方法】采用CiteSpace、基于R语言的Bibliometrix工具包和VOSviewer对Web of Science核心合集数据库中1994–2023年发表的环境领域VBNC态细菌文献(416篇)进行统计与可视化分析。【结果】近30年来,环境领域VBNC态细菌研究发文数量呈线性增长(R^(2)=0.917),中国和美国主导了该领域的研究,欧美科研机构较中国科研机构合作更密切,Oliver DJ、Yu X是该领域发文最多的作者。研究热点集中于饮用水消毒过程中VBNC态细菌的灭活及污染物处理过程中VBNC态功能菌的复苏。【结论】环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究主要围绕VBNC的形成、灭活及复苏开展,但VBNC的灭活技术和复苏方法仍十分有限,如何提高饮用水中VBNC的灭活效率和强化污染物微生物修复过程中VBNC的复苏是环境领域VBNC态细菌今后研究的发展方向。展开更多
文摘Fluorine contaminates the environment. The study of fluorine contamination profile can be made easy by the use of nuclear analytic method. Measurement of prompt gamma emitted from bombarding fluorine polluted environmental sample with proton beam from accelerator provides rapid assessment of fluorine contamination. In this paper, 340 keV proton beam induced F 19 (P,αγ) O 16 reaction is performed, measurement of prompt gamma 6130 keV gives fluorine content in the soil and leaves of plants (parasol, cotton and glossy privet), taken from the fluorine polluted area.
文摘该研究采用Web of Science引文数据库,以perfluoroalkyl substances or polyfluoroalkyl substances or PFAS or PFASs作为检索主题词,通过WOS和VOSviewer对相关文献进行数据计量分析,探讨全球范围内该研究领域的研究热点及发展方向。结果表明,在该领域研究中,美国在发文量、总被引、H指数方面位居榜首,在该领域的研究中占据优势地位;发文机构中,中国科学研究院发文量第一;对近5年关键词的共现分析发现PFASs在不同水体及生物体中的暴露仍然是近几年的研究热点,尤其关注饮用水及人体暴露。对于我国PFASs的环境暴露也是近期研究的重点之一。
基金supported by the Institute for the Environment at the University of North Carolina (UNC)at Chapel Hill and Cherokee Investment Partners.
文摘The US Green Building Council’s(USGBC)LEED guidelines have become the dominant third-party certification program for“green”buildings in the US.Given that buildings use 37%of all energy and 68%of all electricity while contributing substantially to air emission,waste generation,and water consumption issues in the US,one of LEED’s purposes is to address the environmental impacts of energy use in buildings.This research analyzes(1)how well the LEED guidelines measure these impacts and(2)which parameters create the most variation among these impacts.Environmental impacts here refer to emissions of carbon dioxide,nitrogen oxides,sulfur dioxide,mercury,and par-ticulate matter(PM10);solid waste;nuclear waste;and water consumption.Using data from the US Department of Energy,the National Renewable Energy Laboratory,the US EPA Energy Star program,and the USGBC,among others,models using Monte Carlo analysis were created to simulate the range of impacts of LEED-certified buildings.Various metrics and statistics were calculated to highlight the significance of variation in these impacts.Future re-search needs and implications of the results for LEED version 3.0 are also discussed.
文摘【背景】活的但不可培养(viable but non-culturable, VBNC)状态是细菌应对不利环境压力的适应性反应,VBNC在医学和食品领域已经备受关注,但在环境领域中近10年才开始受到重视。目前,采用文献计量学对环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究尚未见报道。【目的】调查国内外环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究现状,归纳总结其研究热点、趋势与不足,旨在为环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究提供借鉴。【方法】采用CiteSpace、基于R语言的Bibliometrix工具包和VOSviewer对Web of Science核心合集数据库中1994–2023年发表的环境领域VBNC态细菌文献(416篇)进行统计与可视化分析。【结果】近30年来,环境领域VBNC态细菌研究发文数量呈线性增长(R^(2)=0.917),中国和美国主导了该领域的研究,欧美科研机构较中国科研机构合作更密切,Oliver DJ、Yu X是该领域发文最多的作者。研究热点集中于饮用水消毒过程中VBNC态细菌的灭活及污染物处理过程中VBNC态功能菌的复苏。【结论】环境领域VBNC态细菌的研究主要围绕VBNC的形成、灭活及复苏开展,但VBNC的灭活技术和复苏方法仍十分有限,如何提高饮用水中VBNC的灭活效率和强化污染物微生物修复过程中VBNC的复苏是环境领域VBNC态细菌今后研究的发展方向。
