Qingyi decoction attenuates intestinal epithelial cell injury via the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells pathway

BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is a significant contributing factor to the development of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).A stable intestinal mucosa barrier functions as a major anatomic and functional barrier,owing to the balance between intestinal epithelial cell(IEC)proliferation and apoptosis.There is some evidence that calcium overload may trigger IEC apoptosis and that calcineurin(CaN)/nuclear factor of activated Tcells(NFAT)signaling might play an important role in calcium-mediated apoptosis.AIM To investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of Qingyi decoction(QYD)in SAP.METHODS A rat model of SAP was created via retrograde infusion of sodium deoxycholate.Serum levels of amylase,tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6,D-lactic acid,and diamine oxidase(DAO);histological changes;and apoptosis of IECs were examined in rats with or without QYD treatment.The expression of the two subunits of CaN and NFAT in intestinal tissue was measured via quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.For in vitro studies,Caco-2 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and QYD serum,and then cell viability and intracellular calcium levels were detected.RESULTS Retrograde infusion of sodium deoxycholate increased the severity of pancreatic and intestinal pathology and the levels of serum amylase,TNF-α,and IL-6.Both the indicators of intestinal mucosa damage(D-lactic acid and DAO)and the levels of IEC apoptosis were elevated in the SAP group.QYD treatment reduced the serum levels of amylase,TNF-α,IL-6,D-lactic acid,and DAO and attenuated the histological findings.IEC apoptosis associated with SAP was ameliorated under QYD treatment.In addition,the protein expression levels of the two subunits of CaN were remarkably elevated in the SAP group,and the NFATc3 gene was significantly upregulated at both the transcript and protein levels in the SAP group compared with the control group.QYD significantly restrained CaN and NFATc3 gene expression in the intestine,which was upregulated in the SAP group.Furthermore,QYD serum significantly decreased the LPS-induced elevation in intracellular free Ca^(2+)levels and inhibited cell death.CONCLUSION QYD can exert protective effects against intestinal mucosa damage caused by SAP and the protective effects are mediated,at least partially,by restraining IEC apoptosis via the CaN/NFATc3 pathway.

Aberrant activation of nuclear factor of activated T cell 2 in lamina propria mononuclear cells in ulcerative colitis

AIM:To investigate the role of nuclear factor of activated T cell 2(NFAT2),the major NFAT protein in peripheral T cells,in sustained T cell activation and intractable inflammation in human ulcerative colitis(UC). METHODS:We used two-dimensional gel-electrophoresis, immunohistochemistry,double immunohistochemical staining,and confocal microscopy to inspect the expression of NFAT2 in 107,15,48 and 5 cases of UC, Crohn's disease(CD),non-specific colitis,and 5 healthy individuals,respectively. RESULTS:Up-regulation with profound nucleo- translocation/activation of NFAT2 of lamina propria mononuclear cells(LPMC)of colonic mucosa was found specifically in the affected colonic mucosa from patients with UC,as compared to CD or NC(P<0.001,Kruskal- Wallis test).Nucleo-translocation/activation of NFAT2 primarily occurred in CD8+T,but was less prominent in CD4+T cells or CD20+B cells.It was strongly associated with the disease activity,including endoscopic stage (τ=0.2145,P=0.0281)and histologic grade(τ=0.4167, P<0.001). CONCLUSION:We disclose for the first time the nucleo-translocation/activatin of NFAT2 in lamina propria mononuclear cells in ulcerative colitis.Activation of NFAT2 was specific for ulcerative colitis and highly associated with disease activity.Since activation of NFAT2is implicated in an auto-regulatory positive feedback loop of sustained T-cell activation and NFAT proteins play key roles in the calcium/calcineurin signaling pathways,our results not only provide new insights into the mechanism for sustained intractable inflammation,but also suggest the calcium-calcineurin/NFAT pathway as a new therapeutic target for ulcerative colitis.

Blockage of PPARδ increases the expression of inflammatory factors in 3T3-L1 cells stimulated with TNFα

Objective: To investigate the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors δ (PPARδ) in inflammatory reaction and its possible mechanism in adipocyte. Methods :Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) was used to block the expression of PPARS in 3T3-L1 cells. In order to induce inflammation in 3T3-L1, cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α(TNFα, 20 ng/ml) for 4 h. The expression of PPAR8, nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and C reactive protein (CRP) were determined by Western blot analysis. Results:The expression of PPARδ was reduced by 80% after RNAi. Blockage of PPARδ promoted the expression of CRP and NFκB in cells stimulated with TNFα, but had no effect on normal cells. Conclusion: PPARδ is involved in inflammatory reaction in adipocyte. Blockage of PPARδ can promote the inflammation mediated by inflammatory factors and increase the expression of NFκB and CRP in 3T3-L1 cells stimulated with TNFα.

Influence of baicalin on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotegerin in human periodontal ligament cells

Objective To study the effect of baicalin on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL)and osteoprotegerin(OPG)in cultured human periodontal ligament(HPDL)cells.Methods Small interfering RNA(siRNA)eukaryotic expression vector targeted transforming growth factor βⅡ receptor(TGF-β RⅡ)was constructed and transfected into T cells.HPDL cells with T cells transfected with siRNA or not were placed in the culture medium that had been added with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and baicalin.The obtained solution was divided into six groups according to the components(group Ⅰ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells transfected with siRNA1+baicalin;group Ⅱ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells transfected with siRNA1;group Ⅲ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells+baicalin;group Ⅳ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells;group Ⅴ:HPDL cells+baicalin;group Ⅵ:HPDL cells)and was cultured for 48 hours.RT-PCR was used to observe the effect of baicalin on the expression of OPG-RANKL in HPDL cells.Results The ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅰ was lower than that in group Ⅱ(P<0.01)and higher than that in group Ⅲ(P<0.01);The ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅲ was lower than that in group Ⅳ(P<0.01);the ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅳ was higher than that in group Ⅵ(P<0.01);the ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅴ was lower than that in group Ⅵ(P<0.05).Conclusion ① Baicalin could decrease the ratio of RANKL/OPG in HPDL cells.② The TGF-β signaling transduction plays an important role in the effect of baicalin on the RANKL/OPG ratio in HPDL cells.③ Baicalin acts not only through TGF-β to regulate RANKL/OPG in HPDL cells,but also through other pathways.

川崎病患儿血清CaN、NFATc1水平与免疫球蛋白治疗反应的相关性

目的探讨川崎病患儿血清钙调神经磷酸酶(CaN)、活化T细胞核因子c1(NFATc1)水平与免疫球蛋白(IVIG)治疗反应的相关性,以期为临床改善治疗效果提供理论参考。方法采用前瞻性研究,选取平顶山市第一人民医院2018年1月至2023年1月100例川崎病患儿作为研究对象,检测入院时患儿的血清CaN、NFATc1水平,同时收集患儿的一般资料,根据IVIG治疗反应情况分为IVIG治疗敏感组与IVIG治疗无反应组。比较两组患儿的血清CaN、NFATc1水平及一般资料,采用点二列相关性检验血清CaN、NFATc1水平与IVIG治疗反应之间的关系,并采用logistic回归性检验二者对IVIG治疗反应的影响。结果100例患儿中有20例为IVIG治疗无反应,占比为20%(20/100)。IVIG治疗无反应组患儿入院时血清CaN、NFATc1及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平高于IVIG治疗敏感组(P<0.05)。经点二列相关性检验显示血清CaN、NFATc1水平与川崎病患儿IVIG治疗无反应存在正相关关系(r>0,P<0.05)。经logistic回归性分析检验显示高水平血清CaN、血清NFATc1是导致患儿IVIG治疗无反应的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论川崎病患儿IVIG治疗无反应发生风险较高,且与血清CaN、血清NFATc1存在关系,二者的高水平表达是导致IVIG治疗无反应的影响因素。

2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者血清miR-9-5p和NFAT5的表达及其与骨折的关系

目的:2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)是一种多病因代谢性疾病,骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)和骨折是其常见并发症。本研究旨在探讨T2DM合并OP患者血清中微RNA(microRNA,miR)-9-5p和核转录因子5(nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5,NFAT5)的表达水平,以及其与骨折的关系。方法:收集郑州市第七人民医院就诊的T2DM合并OP患者184例(OP组),另纳入同时间段单纯T2DM患者184例(T2DM组)。实时聚合酶链反应检测血清miR-9-5p、NFAT5表达水平。随访2年,根据新发骨折情况,将T2DM合并OP患者分为骨折组(43例)与无骨折组(141例)。Pearson法分析血清miR-9-5p、NFAT5分别与空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、I型前胶原N末端前肽(procollagen I N-terminal propeptide,PINP)、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)、骨密度T值、I型胶原羧基端β降解产物(type I collagen hydroxy terminal peptideβdegradation products,β-CTX)相关性,以及miR-9-5p与NFAT5的相关性;采用受试者操作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线评估血清miR-9-5p、NFAT5对T2DM合并OP患者骨折的预测价值,多因素logistic回归分析T2DM合并OP患者骨折的影响因素。结果:OP组血清miR-9-5p水平高于T2DM组,NFAT5水平低于T2DM组(均P<0.05)。与无骨折组相比,骨折组患者糖尿病病程、FPG、HOMA-IR、β-CTX、miR-9-5p水平均升高,而PINP、NFAT5水平均降低(均P<0.05)。骨折患者血清miR-9-5p与NFAT5水平呈负相关(r=−0.716,P<0.05);miR-9-5p水平与FPG、HOMA-IR、β-CTX均呈正相关,与PINP呈负相关(均P<0.05),而血清NFAT5水平与FPG、HOMA-IR、β-CTX均呈负相关,与PINP呈正相关(均P<0.05)。血清miR-9-5p、NFAT5单一预测T2DM合并OP患者骨折风险的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)分别为0.878和0.868,联合预测的AUC为0.933。β-CTX、miR-9-5p为T2DM合并OP患者骨折的危险因素,PINP、NFAT5为T2DM合并OP患者骨折的保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论:T2DM合并OP患者血清miR-9-5p表达水平升高,NFAT5表达水平降低,两者与骨折发生均有一定关系,miR-9-5p联合NFAT5对骨折预测价值更高。

Inhibition of pacemaker activity in interstitial cells of Cajal by LPS via NF-κB and MAP kinase

AIM:To investigate lipopolysaccharide(LPS) related signal transduction in interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs) from mouse small intestine.METHODS:For this study,primary culture of ICCs was prepared from the small intestine of the mouse.LPS was treated to the cells prior to measurement of the membrane currents by using whole-cell patch clamp technique.Immunocytochemistry was used to examine the expression of the proteins in ICCs.RESULTS:LPS suppressed the pacemaker currents of ICCs and this could be blocked by AH6809,a prostaglandin E2-EP2 receptor antagonist or NG-Nitro-Larginine Methyl Ester,an inhibitor of nitric oxide(NO) synthase.Toll-like receptor 4,inducible NO synthase or cyclooxygenase-2 immunoreactivity by specific antibodies was detected on ICCs.Catalase(antioxidant agent) had no action on LPS-induced action in ICCs.LPS actions were blocked by nuclear factor kB(NF-kB) inhibitor,actinomycin D(a gene transcription inhibitor),PD 98059(a p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinases inhibitor) or SB 203580 [a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPK) inhibitor].SB 203580 also blocked the prostaglandin E2-induced action on pacemaker currents in ICCs but not NO.CONCLUSION:LPS inhibit the pacemaker currents in ICCs via prostaglandin E2-and NO-dependent mechanism through toll-like receptor 4 and suggest that MAPK and NF-kB are implicated in these actions.

Role of nuclear factor κB in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

The transcription factor nuclear factor κB（NF-κB） plays major roles in inflammatory diseases through regulation of inflammation and cell viability.Multiple sclerosis（MS） is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system（CNS）.It has been shown that NF-κB is activated in multiple cell types in the CNS of MS patients,including T cells,microglia/macrophages,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes,and neurons.Interestingly,data from animal model studies,particularly studies of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,have suggested that NF-κB activation in these individual cell types has distinct effects on the development of MS.In this review,we will cover the current literature on NF-κB and the evidence for its role in the development of MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Role of osteoclasts in regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells

Bone marrow(BM) cavities are utilized for hematopoiesis and to maintain hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs). HSCs have the ability to self-renew as well as to differentiate into multiple different hematopoietic lineage cells. HSCs produce their daughter cells throughout the lifespan of individuals and thus, maintaining HSCs is crucial for individual life. BM cavities provide a specialized microenvironment termed "niche" to support HSCs. Niches are composed of various types of cells such as osteoblasts, endothelial cells and reticular cells. Osteoclasts are unique cells which resorb bones and are required for BM cavity formation. Loss of osteoclast function or differentiation results in inhibition of BM cavity formation, an osteopetrotic phenotype. Osteoclasts are also reportedly required for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell(HSPC) mobilization to the periphery from BM cavities. Thus, lack of osteoclasts likely results in inhibition of HSC maintenance and HSPC mobilization. However, we found that osteoclasts are dispensable for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and mobilization by using three independent osteoclast-less animal models. In this review, I will discuss the roles of osteoclasts in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and mobilization.

NFATc4在舌鳞状细胞癌神经侵犯诊断中的作用

目的:通过比较活化T细胞核因子胞质4(NFATc4)与S100钙结合蛋白(S100)、p75神经营养素受体(p75)对舌鳞状细胞癌(TSCC)神经侵犯(PNI)的免疫组织化学染色特点,探索NFATc4在TSCC PNI诊断中的作用。方法:收集59例TSCC病理标本,10例癌前病变为对照组,每个标本连续切片后采用免疫组织化学染色,观察NFATc4对TSCC以及神经的染色情况,并与S100和p75进行比较。结果:59例TSCC病理标本中,NFATc4阳性率为47.5%(28/59),PNI发生率为35.6%(21/59),NFATc4阳性表达组的PNI发生率高于NFATc4阴性表达组(P<0.05),NFATc4染色可见神经内膜淡染色,TSCC细胞胞质可见染色,NFATc4对神经的鉴别效果与S100和p75比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:NFATc4的表达与PNI的发生存在关联,NFATc4能在染色神经束的同时,将TSCC组织染色,可以在同一个视野内直观地观察肿瘤与神经的关系,有利于提高PNI判读准确率,有望成为一个判断PNI的指标。

Cav3.2 channel regulates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:a promising target for intervention

Calcium influx into neurons triggers neuronal death during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Various calcium channels are involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Cav3.2 channel is a main subtype of T-type calcium channels.T-type calcium channel blockers,such as pimozide and mibefradil,have been shown to prevent cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced brain injury.However,the role of Cav3.2 channels in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unclear.Here,in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were established using middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice and high glucose hypoxia/reoxygenation exposure in primary hippocampal neurons.The results showed that Cav3.2 expression was significantly upregulated in injured hippocampal tissue and primary hippocampal neurons.We further established a Cav3.2 gene-knockout mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Cav3.2 knockout markedly reduced infarct volume and brain water content,and alleviated neurological dysfunction after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Additionally,Cav3.2 knockout attenuated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced oxidative stress,inflammatory response,and neuronal apoptosis.In the hippocampus of Cav3.2-knockout mice,calcineurin overexpression offset the beneficial effect of Cav3.2 knockout after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.These findings suggest that the neuroprotective function of Cav3.2 knockout is mediated by calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells 3 signaling.Findings from this study suggest that Cav3.2 could be a promising target for treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

血清ANGPTL3、NFATc1水平与脑梗死患者病情严重程度、预后的关系

目的探究血管生成素样蛋白-3(ANGPTL3)、活化T细胞核因子c1(NFATc1)在脑梗死患者血清中的表达以及与脑梗死患者病情严重程度、预后的关系。方法收集唐山工人医院2021年1月至2023年1月期间进行治疗的180例脑梗死患者(脑梗死组)作为研究对象;根据NIHSS评分将患者分为轻度组(n=68),中度组(n=76),重度组(n=36);根据患mRS评分将患者分为预后良好组(n=117)和预后不良组(n=63);另选取180例同期门诊健康体检者作为对照组。比较各组血清ANGPTL3、NFATc1水平;多因素logistic回归分析脑梗死患者预后的影响因素;ROC曲线分析血清ANGPTL3、NFATc1对脑梗死患者预后的预测价值。结果脑梗死组血清ANGPTL3、NFATc1水平高于对照组(P<0.05);轻度组、中度组、重度组血清ANGPTL3、NFATc1水平依次显著升高(P<0.05);预后不良组脑梗死患者脑梗死体积、白细胞计数、ANGPTL3、NFATc1水平显著高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。回归分析显示脑梗死体积、白细胞计数、ANGPTL3、NFATc1是脑梗死患者预后的影响因素(P<0.05)。ANGPTL3、NFATc1二者联合预测脑梗死患者预后效能优于各自单独预测(Z联合检测-ANGPTL3=3.345、Z联合检测-NFATc1=2.898,P=0.001、0.004)。结论脑梗死患者血清ANGPTL3、NFATc1水平显著升高,且随着病情严重程度的增加而显著升高,二者联合对脑梗死患者预后有较高的预测价值。

类风湿关节炎患者血清脂肪因子趋化素与疾病活动度和Th17/Treg的关系

目的探究类风湿关节炎(RA)患者血清脂肪因子趋化素水平与疾病活动度和辅助性T细胞17/调节性T细胞(Th17/Treg)比值的相关性。方法纳入RA患者180例为观察组,根据DAS28评分将观察组分为高活动组、中活动组和低活动组,每组60例;另选取同期体检的健康者180例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清趋化素、白细胞介素(IL)-9、IL-10、IL-17水平;流式细胞术检测Th17/Treg比例;分析RA患者血清趋化素水平与DAS28评分,Th17、Treg细胞百分比及Th17/Treg比值的相关性。结果观察组血清趋化素水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。RA患者血清趋化素水平与DAS28评分呈正相关;高、中、低活动组血清趋化素水平和DAS28评分依次降低;观察组Th17细胞百分比、Th17/Treg比值、IL-17、IL-9水平高于对照组,Treg细胞百分比、IL-10水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。RA患者血清趋化素水平与Th17细胞百分比、Th17/Treg比值呈正相关,与Treg细胞百分比呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论RA患者的血清趋化素水平升高,与疾病活动度和Th17/Treg比值具有密切关系。

汉黄芩素调节磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/丝氨酸苏氨酸蛋白激酶/核因子κB信号通路对慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠辅助性T细胞17/调节性T细胞平衡的影响

目的探讨汉黄芩素(Wog)调节磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)/丝氨酸苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Akt)/核因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)大鼠辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)平衡的影响。方法2022年8-12月,大鼠采用随机数字表法分为Model组、低剂量Wog组(Wog-L组,50 mg/kg)、高剂量Wog组(Wog-H组,100 mg/kg)、阳性药物氨茶碱组(Ami组,2.3 mg/kg)、IGF-1(PI3K激活剂)组(1.33 mg/kg)、Wog-H+IGF-1组(100 mg/kg+1.33 mg/kg)、对照组(CK组),每组12只。除CK组外,其他组大鼠均需利用烟熏法联合气管滴注脂多糖(LPS)的方法构建COPD模型,建模成功24 h后,进行给药处理,每天1次给药,持续4周。检测呼气峰流量(PEF)、每分钟通气量(MV)、吸气峰流量(PIF);流式细胞术检测外周血中Th17/Treg;HE染色检测肺组织病理;酶联免疫吸附法检测大鼠肺组织中白细胞介素(IL)-17、IL-10水平;蛋白质印迹法检测肺组织中维甲酸相关孤核受体γt(RORγt)、叉头框蛋白P3(Foxp3)、磷酸化PI3K(p-PI3K)、磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)蛋白。结果与CK组比较,Model组大鼠PEF(12.56±0.47比8.72±0.39)、PIF(9.35±0.32比7.24±0.17)、MV(132.26±5.78比96.63±3.28)、Treg(31.18±2.62比15.52±1.01)比例、IL-10(23.35±1.16比8.85±0.27)明显降低(均P<0.05);Th17(3.14±0.13比18.86±1.67)比例、Th17/Treg(0.10±0.01比1.22±0.11)、肺泡间隔(33.36±1.48比49.78±1.73)、气道炎症评分(0比4.56±0.23)及IL-17(75.83±3.60比185.56±8.62)水平明显升高(均P<0.05)。与Model组比较,Wog-L组、Wog-H组PEF(9.66±0.40,11.49±0.51)、PIF(8.28±0.19,9.03±0.22)、MV(105.54±4.11,126.67±5.72)、Treg(19.93±1.18,27.73±2.05)比例、IL-10(11.56±0.33,20.72±0.59)水平明显升高(均P<0.05);Th17(3.14±0.13比18.86±1.67)比例、Th17/Treg(0.10±0.01比1.22±0.11)、肺泡间隔(43.45±1.26,35.78±1.12)、气道炎症评分(3.75±0.17,0.86±0.07)、IL-17(162.27±7.14,103.35±4.33)水平明显降低(均P<0.05)。与CK组比较,Model组大鼠RORγt(0.15±0.01比1.34±0.11)、p-PI3K(0.22±0.01比0.86±0.07)、p-Akt(0.18±0.01比0.75±0.06)、p-NF-κB p65(0.11±0.01比0.69±0.06)蛋白表达升高,Foxp3(1.45±0.27比0.35±0.02)蛋白表达降低(均P<0.05)。与Model组相比,Wog-L组、Wog-H组RORγt(1.08±0.10,0.36±0.02)、p-PI3K(0.71±0.06,0.35±0.03)、p-Akt(0.62±0.06,0.28±0.02)、p-NF-κB p65(0.52±0.05,0.26±0.02)蛋白表达明显降低,Foxp3(0.57±0.04,1.13±0.09)蛋白表达明显升高(均P<0.05)。Wog-H组与Ami组大鼠上述各指标水平近似,均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。IGF-1逆转了高剂量Wog对COPD大鼠Th17/Treg的影响。结论Wog促进COPD大鼠Th17/Treg平衡的机制可能与下调PI3K/Akt/NF-κB通路有关。

血清sTREM-1、RANTES水平与病毒性心肌炎患者不良预后的关系

目的 探讨血清可溶性髓样细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)、激活调节正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(RANTES)水平与病毒性心肌炎患者(VM)不良预后的关系。方法 选取2019年8月至2022年8月北京市东城区第一人民医收治的200例VM患者作为研究对象,根据随访情况分为预后不良组86例,预后良好组114例。同时选取200例同期该院体检健康人员作为对照组。收集各组一般资料,并检测血清sTREM-1、RANTES、血清白细胞介素-18(IL-18)、血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌酸激酶(CK)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平。对VM患者预后随访12个月,比较预后良好组和预后不良组的一般资料及血清sTREM-1、RANTES水平。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清sTREM-1、RANTES水平对VM患者发生不良预后的预测价值,Logistic回归分析影响VM患者发生不良预后的危险因素。结果 VM组sTREM-1、RANTES水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),预后不良组CK-MB、cTnI、hs-CRP、CK、IL-18水平高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,血清sTREM-1、RANTES的ROC曲线的下面积(AUC)分别为0.814、0.824,二者联合检测的AUC为0.905,高于sTREM-1、RANTES单独检测(Z=2.485、2.212,均P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,sTREM-1、RANTES水平是影响VM患者预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 血清sTREM-1、RANTES水平对VM患者的不良预后具有重要的预测价值。

血清AAT、RANTES、Resistin水平与大动脉粥样硬化型急性缺血性卒中患者病情及预后的关系研究

目的探讨血清α-1抗胰蛋白酶(AAT)、受激活调节正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(RANTES)、抵抗素(Resistin)水平与大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型急性缺血性卒中(AIS)患者病情及预后的关系。方法选取2022年1月—2023年1月延安大学咸阳医院神经内科收治的LAA型AIS患者159例纳入AIS组,根据入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分分为轻度亚组31例,中度亚组72例,重度亚组56例,另选取同期医院体检健康志愿者84例纳入健康对照组。随访90 d后,根据改良Rankin量表评分将LAA型AIS患者分为预后不良亚组61例和预后良好亚组98例。多因素Logistic回归分析LAA型AIS患者预后影响因素,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清AAT、RANTES、Resistin水平预测LAA型AIS患者预后的价值。结果与健康对照组比较,AIS组血清AAT、RANTES、Resistin水平升高(t/P=16.897/<0.001、20.334/<0.001、17.775/<0.001);血清AAT、RANTES、Resistin水平在轻度亚组、中度亚组、重度亚组中依次升高(F/P=146.195/<0.001、192.910/<0.001、194.396/<0.001)。随访90 d,LAA型AIS患者159例预后不良发生率为38.36%(61/159)。影响LAA型AIS患者预后的独立危险因素为年龄增加、合并糖尿病、入院时NIHSS评分增加、AAT升高、RANTES升高、Resistin升高[OR(95%CI)=1.078(1.019~1.141)、2.774(1.010~7.622)、1.106(1.054~1.160)、1.597(1.057~2.414)、1.136(1.059~1.219)、1.097(1.035~1.163)];血清AAT、RANTES、Resistin水平及三者联合预测LAA型AIS患者预后不良的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.769、0.771、0.766、0.897,三者联合的曲线下面积大于单独预测(Z/P=3.484/0.001、3.416/0.001、3.230/0.001)。结论LAA型AIS患者血清AAT、RANTES、Resistin水平升高与病情加重和预后不良密切相关,血清AAT、RANTES、Resistin水平联合预测LAA型AIS患者预后不良的价值较高。

苦参碱调节IL-6/STAT3/NF-κB信号通路对炎症性肠病大鼠Th17/Treg平衡的影响

目的探讨苦参碱(MT)调节白细胞介素-6(IL-6)/信号转导和转录激活因子3(STAT3)/核转录因子κB(NF-κB)通路对炎症性肠病大鼠辅助性T细胞17(Th17)/调节性T细胞(Treg)平衡的影响。方法按照随机数字表法将SD大鼠分为空白对照组(CK组)、Model组,低、中、高剂量MT组(MT-L组,50 mg/kg;MT-M组,100 mg/kg;MT-H组,200 mg/kg),美沙拉嗪组(MSLM组,0.42 g/kg)、MT-H+rIL-6(IL-6激活剂)组(200 mg/kg+0.05 mg/kg),每组18只。除CK组外,其余组大鼠均采用50 g/L三硝基苯磺酸(20 mg/kg)缓冲液与500 mL/L乙醇按照1∶1比例混匀后灌肠以构建炎症性肠病大鼠模型,建模成功后,分别进行给药处理,每天1次,持续7周。分别在给药1、3、5、7周时对大鼠进行体质量的测量;比较各组大鼠结肠长度的变化;HE染色检测大鼠结肠组织病理损伤;ELISA法检测大鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-17(IL-17)、IL-10水平;流式细胞术检测大鼠外周血中Th17、Treg细胞比例;Western blotting检测大鼠结肠组织中维甲酸相关孤核受体γt(RORγt)、叉头框蛋白P3(Foxp3)、IL-6、p-STAT3、p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达。结果与CK组比较,Model组大鼠结肠组织病理损伤严重,体质量(3、5、7周时)、IL-10水平、Treg细胞比例、Foxp3蛋白表达降低,结肠变短,TNF-α、IL-17水平、Th17细胞比例、Th17/Treg比值、RORγt、IL-6、p-STAT3、p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达增高(P<0.05);与Model组比较,MT-L组、MT-M组、MT-H组、MSLM组对应指标变化趋势与上述相反(P<0.05);rIL-6减弱了高剂量MT对炎症性肠病大鼠Th17/Treg平衡的促进作用。结论MT可能通过抑制IL-6/STAT3/NF-κB信号通路,促进炎症性肠病大鼠Th17/Treg平衡。

白血病抑制因子及受激活调节正常T细胞表达和分泌因子对血流感染脓毒症患者的诊断及预后评估价值

目的研究血清白血病抑制因子(LIF)及受激活调节正常T细胞表达和分泌因子(RANTES)对血流感染(BSI)脓毒症患者的诊断及预后评估价值。方法选择2021年1月~2022年7月期间我科收治的脓毒症患者,检测抗生素治疗前的血清LIF、RANTES水平;根据血培养结果分为BSI组和非BSI组,BSI组包括革兰阳性(G^(+))菌感染和革兰阴性(G^(-))菌感染患者,评估患者的28 d预后。结果BSI组血清LIF和RANTES水平高于非BSI组(P<0.05);BSI组中G^(-)患者血清LIF和RANTES水平高于G^(+)患者(P<0.05);BSI组中死亡的G^(-)患者血清LIF和RANTES水平高于存活的G^(-)患者(P<0.05),BSI组中死亡的G^(+)患者血清LIF和RANTES水平与存活的G^(+)患者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血清LIF和RANTES对脓毒症患者BSI、BSI脓毒症患者G^(-)菌感染具有诊断价值,对G^(-)菌感染导致BSI脓毒症的预后具有评估价值。结论血清LIF和RANTES是诊断BSI脓毒症、评估细菌感染类型以及G^(-)菌感染导致BSI脓毒症预后的潜在标志物。

急诊心肌梗死患者KV1.3-CaN-NFAT信号通路表达及预后观察

目的研究急诊心肌梗死患者电压门控性钾离子通道1.3(KV1.3)-钙调神经磷酸酶(CaN)-活化T细胞核因子(NFAT)信号通路表达及预后。方法选取如皋市人民医院2019年4月—2021年4月急诊入院的148例心肌梗死患者纳入研究对象,随访1年根据预后情况分为预后良好(n=121)和预后不良(n=27)两组。记录并比较两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、既往病史(高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、高脂血症等)、吸烟史、饮酒史、住院时间、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、左心室射血分数(LVEF),采集外周空腹静脉血,密度梯度离心获得淋巴细胞,Western blotting检测KV1.3、CaN、NFAT的相对蛋白表达。通过ROC分析KV1.3、CaN、NFAT预测急诊心肌梗死患者预后不良的价值;急诊心肌梗死患者预后不良的危险因素采取多因素Logistic回归性分析明确。结果两组患者的性别、BMI、高血压史、糖尿病史、冠心病史、高脂血症史、吸烟史、饮酒史、住院时间、SBP、DBP比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),预后不良组年龄≥60岁、LVEF<50%占比及KV1.3、CaN、NFAT显著高于预后良好组(P<0.05);经ROC和Logistic分析,年龄≥60岁、LVEF<50%、KV1.3≥1.370、CaN≥1.378、NFAT≥1.260是急诊心肌梗死患者预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论KV1.3、CaN、NFAT会影响急诊心肌梗死患者的预后情况,急诊心肌梗死患者预后不良时KV1.3、CaN、NFAT表达会升高。

基于JAK/STAT信号通路探究重组人干扰素α-2b联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗毛细支气管炎患儿喘息反复发作效果及机制

目的 基于Janus激酶(JAK)/信号转导与转录活性因子(STAT)信号通路探究重组人干扰素α-2b联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗毛细支气管炎患儿喘息反复发作效果及机制。方法 选取2020年3月—2022年2月收治的毛细支气管炎患儿156例,依据治疗方案不同分为观察组和对照组2组各78例。观察组予重组人干扰素α-2b联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗,对照组予乙酰半胱氨酸治疗。比较2组治疗7 d后临床效果及症状和体征消失时间、住院时间,治疗前及治疗7 d后JAK/STAT信号通路关键蛋白[干扰素调节因子9(IRF9)、信号转导与转录活性因子1(STAT1)和信号转导与转录活性因子2(STAT2)]表达及相关细胞因子[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)和组织型金属蛋白酶抑制物-1(TIMP-1)]、辅助性T细胞17(Th17)、调节性T细胞(Treg)水平,以及治疗期间不良反应发生率、治疗后6个月喘息复发率。结果 治疗7 d后,观察组总有效率、IRF9、STAT1、STAT2表达和Treg水平高于对照组;IL-6、MMP-9、TIMP-1和Th17水平低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组咳嗽、喘憋、喘息、湿啰音消失时间及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗期间,2组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后6个月,观察组喘息复发率低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论 重组人干扰素α-2b联合乙酰半胱氨酸治疗毛细支气管炎患儿喘息反复发作效果显著,可促进症状、体征消失,加速康复进程,降低喘息反复发作风险;机制可能为其抑制IL-6释放,激活JAK/STAT信号通路,促使Th17向Treg转化,增强机体免疫应答,且调控MMP-9、TIMP-1表达,减轻支气管及肺损伤。