To study the rainstorm waterlogging disaster in Huinan, Pudong District, an urban waterlogging model coupled with the rainfall runoff sub-model, underground network sub-model and the overland flow sub-model has been s...To study the rainstorm waterlogging disaster in Huinan, Pudong District, an urban waterlogging model coupled with the rainfall runoff sub-model, underground network sub-model and the overland flow sub-model has been set up by MIKE FLOOD. After the validation with the actual reports of the waterlogging in Huinan on Oct. 8th, 2013, the model is adopted to simulate the overland flood before and after Gongji Road Rain Pump works to study the impact of Gongji Road Rain Pump on the waterlogging disaster. The results are analyzed and the conclusions are obtained: when Gongji Road Rain Pump runs, the total flooded area will significantly decrease to .49 km2, about 21%, meanwhile, the drowned duration will be shortened in 6 hours, ahead 10 hours. Therefore, Gongji Road Rain Pump can alleviate the waterlogging, but some other measures are still needed to be taken to solve the waterlogging disaster.展开更多
In the context of global climate change and urbanization,urban flooding is an important type of natural disaster that affects urban development,especially in China,which is experiencing rapid urbanization.In the past ...In the context of global climate change and urbanization,urban flooding is an important type of natural disaster that affects urban development,especially in China,which is experiencing rapid urbanization.In the past 10 years,urban flooding events have caused huge disaster losses in Chinese cities.This has resulted in significant negative effects on the urban infrastructure,socioeconomic systems,and urban residents,thus causing widespread concern.Studies have confirmed the change in extreme rainstorms is due to the changing environments in many cities globally.Conducting studies on the impact of these rainstorms with different characteristics for urban flooding is valuable for coping with unfavorable situations.In addition,numerical simulations provide an economical and viable means to perform these studies.This paper presents a numerical model of Xiamen Island in China.Simulations were conducted for 12 design rainstorm events with different return periods,rain patterns,and durations.The results indicate that,in the case of an equal rainfall amount,the rainfall intensity is the key factor that affects the inundated area,depth,and damages.However,the rainfall intensity is not the only determining factor;the rainfall pattern also affects the inundations.In regard to the rainfall pattern,a higher rainfall peak coefficient usually leads to severe urban inundation and damage.As a result,the lag time would be shorter,which may further exacerbate the impact of urban flood disasters.The results of this study provide insights into managing flood risks,developing urban flood prevention strategies,and designing flood prevention measures.展开更多
受全球气候变暖、城市化进程加快的共同影响,近年来城市极端降雨事件频发导致内涝灾害发生。基于水文、水动力模型得到的城市雨洪数值模拟结果难以展示降雨、内涝渐变过程等问题。提出雨洪内涝过程三维实景动态模拟表达方法,首先采用GAS...受全球气候变暖、城市化进程加快的共同影响,近年来城市极端降雨事件频发导致内涝灾害发生。基于水文、水动力模型得到的城市雨洪数值模拟结果难以展示降雨、内涝渐变过程等问题。提出雨洪内涝过程三维实景动态模拟表达方法,首先采用GAST(GPU Accelerated Surface Water Flow and Transport Model)水动力模型对雨洪内涝过程数值模拟,通过Godunov类型有限体积法进行数值离散,采用GPU并行技术加速计算获取不同输出时间下的数值模拟结果,创新设计了GAST模型数值模拟结果与数字高程模型数据耦合方法,构建了数字淹没网格模型(Digital Inundation Grid Model,DIGM),基于WebGL和三维地理信息系统(3D Geographic Information System,3D GIS)技术开发三维实景动态可视化引擎,构建雨洪内涝过程三维实景动态渲染机制,对雨洪内涝过程三维实景动态模拟进行表达。最后,采用本方法实现了西安2020年7月10日2次强降雨致涝过程三维实景动态模拟表达,结果生动直观准确,与实测结果吻合度高,表明该方法可有效弥补现有城市雨洪内涝数值模拟表达方法的不足,具有良好的应用价值。展开更多
【目的】在城市地下空间综合化高速开发的同时,极端降雨所引发的城市内涝灾害频繁发生,洪水倒灌入侵地铁车站事故导致了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。洪水经由车站流入隧道对运营中的车辆设备及乘客人员造成重大威胁,为预防和应对多种工...【目的】在城市地下空间综合化高速开发的同时,极端降雨所引发的城市内涝灾害频繁发生,洪水倒灌入侵地铁车站事故导致了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。洪水经由车站流入隧道对运营中的车辆设备及乘客人员造成重大威胁,为预防和应对多种工况下洪水侵入地铁系统灾害,通过数值分析方法,模拟不同工况洪水入侵和淹没复杂地铁车站的全过程,并预测计算流入隧道的洪水量。【方法】以南宁市地铁换乘车站明秀路站为原型,构建三维数值仿真模型。研究防淹门不同启闭条件下,百年一遇入侵洪水高度、50 cm和30 cm入侵洪水高度水位洪水入侵复杂地铁车站的全过程。基于Volume of Fluid(VOF)模型方法,模拟分析了不同工况下洪水在地铁车站内的淹没区域范围与积聚深度,探讨洪水激增规律以及危险区域分布情况。针对百年一遇洪水入侵工况,分析了物业开发层的水深分布规律,并通过计算得到该区域的人员疏散路径。【结果】结果显示:在洪水入侵灾害中,明秀路站被淹没速度和淹没高度随入侵洪水高度的提升而加快和增加;关闭防淹门可以防止大量洪水流入隧道,但是将会严重加剧站内积水;与地铁车站相连的物业开发层可能导致洪水更快更多地入侵淹没明秀路站,分布密集且狭小的通道口处积水较深。【结论】结果表明:数值模拟的方法可以较为容易地计算得到洪水入侵灾害中地铁车站的淹没过程和范围,通过改变出入口条件可以得到例如防淹门启闭措施对不同入侵洪水高度洪水入侵的影响,可为灾前预防隐患和灾时应急措施提供参考。展开更多
文摘To study the rainstorm waterlogging disaster in Huinan, Pudong District, an urban waterlogging model coupled with the rainfall runoff sub-model, underground network sub-model and the overland flow sub-model has been set up by MIKE FLOOD. After the validation with the actual reports of the waterlogging in Huinan on Oct. 8th, 2013, the model is adopted to simulate the overland flood before and after Gongji Road Rain Pump works to study the impact of Gongji Road Rain Pump on the waterlogging disaster. The results are analyzed and the conclusions are obtained: when Gongji Road Rain Pump runs, the total flooded area will significantly decrease to .49 km2, about 21%, meanwhile, the drowned duration will be shortened in 6 hours, ahead 10 hours. Therefore, Gongji Road Rain Pump can alleviate the waterlogging, but some other measures are still needed to be taken to solve the waterlogging disaster.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51739011&51879274)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFC1508203&2016YFC0401401).
文摘In the context of global climate change and urbanization,urban flooding is an important type of natural disaster that affects urban development,especially in China,which is experiencing rapid urbanization.In the past 10 years,urban flooding events have caused huge disaster losses in Chinese cities.This has resulted in significant negative effects on the urban infrastructure,socioeconomic systems,and urban residents,thus causing widespread concern.Studies have confirmed the change in extreme rainstorms is due to the changing environments in many cities globally.Conducting studies on the impact of these rainstorms with different characteristics for urban flooding is valuable for coping with unfavorable situations.In addition,numerical simulations provide an economical and viable means to perform these studies.This paper presents a numerical model of Xiamen Island in China.Simulations were conducted for 12 design rainstorm events with different return periods,rain patterns,and durations.The results indicate that,in the case of an equal rainfall amount,the rainfall intensity is the key factor that affects the inundated area,depth,and damages.However,the rainfall intensity is not the only determining factor;the rainfall pattern also affects the inundations.In regard to the rainfall pattern,a higher rainfall peak coefficient usually leads to severe urban inundation and damage.As a result,the lag time would be shorter,which may further exacerbate the impact of urban flood disasters.The results of this study provide insights into managing flood risks,developing urban flood prevention strategies,and designing flood prevention measures.
文摘受全球气候变暖、城市化进程加快的共同影响,近年来城市极端降雨事件频发导致内涝灾害发生。基于水文、水动力模型得到的城市雨洪数值模拟结果难以展示降雨、内涝渐变过程等问题。提出雨洪内涝过程三维实景动态模拟表达方法,首先采用GAST(GPU Accelerated Surface Water Flow and Transport Model)水动力模型对雨洪内涝过程数值模拟,通过Godunov类型有限体积法进行数值离散,采用GPU并行技术加速计算获取不同输出时间下的数值模拟结果,创新设计了GAST模型数值模拟结果与数字高程模型数据耦合方法,构建了数字淹没网格模型(Digital Inundation Grid Model,DIGM),基于WebGL和三维地理信息系统(3D Geographic Information System,3D GIS)技术开发三维实景动态可视化引擎,构建雨洪内涝过程三维实景动态渲染机制,对雨洪内涝过程三维实景动态模拟进行表达。最后,采用本方法实现了西安2020年7月10日2次强降雨致涝过程三维实景动态模拟表达,结果生动直观准确,与实测结果吻合度高,表明该方法可有效弥补现有城市雨洪内涝数值模拟表达方法的不足,具有良好的应用价值。
文摘【目的】在城市地下空间综合化高速开发的同时,极端降雨所引发的城市内涝灾害频繁发生,洪水倒灌入侵地铁车站事故导致了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。洪水经由车站流入隧道对运营中的车辆设备及乘客人员造成重大威胁,为预防和应对多种工况下洪水侵入地铁系统灾害,通过数值分析方法,模拟不同工况洪水入侵和淹没复杂地铁车站的全过程,并预测计算流入隧道的洪水量。【方法】以南宁市地铁换乘车站明秀路站为原型,构建三维数值仿真模型。研究防淹门不同启闭条件下,百年一遇入侵洪水高度、50 cm和30 cm入侵洪水高度水位洪水入侵复杂地铁车站的全过程。基于Volume of Fluid(VOF)模型方法,模拟分析了不同工况下洪水在地铁车站内的淹没区域范围与积聚深度,探讨洪水激增规律以及危险区域分布情况。针对百年一遇洪水入侵工况,分析了物业开发层的水深分布规律,并通过计算得到该区域的人员疏散路径。【结果】结果显示:在洪水入侵灾害中,明秀路站被淹没速度和淹没高度随入侵洪水高度的提升而加快和增加;关闭防淹门可以防止大量洪水流入隧道,但是将会严重加剧站内积水;与地铁车站相连的物业开发层可能导致洪水更快更多地入侵淹没明秀路站,分布密集且狭小的通道口处积水较深。【结论】结果表明:数值模拟的方法可以较为容易地计算得到洪水入侵灾害中地铁车站的淹没过程和范围,通过改变出入口条件可以得到例如防淹门启闭措施对不同入侵洪水高度洪水入侵的影响,可为灾前预防隐患和灾时应急措施提供参考。
