Tomato seedlings were grown in substrate culture with pots. The formulation of Holland Greenhouse Horticulture Research Institute was used(as CK) and the effects of different Ca concentrations(LCa, CK and HCa)on growt...Tomato seedlings were grown in substrate culture with pots. The formulation of Holland Greenhouse Horticulture Research Institute was used(as CK) and the effects of different Ca concentrations(LCa, CK and HCa)on growth, yield, and fruit quality(protein, Vitamin C, nitrates, organic acid and soluble sugar) of tomato were studied keeping concentrations of other nutrients unchanged in the nutrient solution. The results showed that parameters related to the growth of tomato(plant height and Stem diameter), changes of tomato yield per plant and quality of tomato fruits were the highest when the plants were grown at 20% Ca treatments. In the second study, increased EC concentrations of nutrient solution resulted in stronger plants with improved yields and quality. Four different concentration gradients of nutrient solution treatment were designed based on the results of the first research stage(EC=1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 m S/cm, respectively). The single tomato plant had the highest production which is 2 268.994 g/plant, when the nutrient solution strength was at EC=1.5 m S cm, whereas they have the best fruit quality when the solution strength at EC 4.5 m S/cm. This suggests the need for wide popularization of the nutrient solution formula in large areas to improve the tomato production.展开更多
Soilless culture refers to the technique by which crops are grown using nutrient solution or solid substrate along with nutrient solution without natural soil. This technique has developed for more than 150 years, and...Soilless culture refers to the technique by which crops are grown using nutrient solution or solid substrate along with nutrient solution without natural soil. This technique has developed for more than 150 years, and plays an essential role in promoting the development of horticultural, agricultural and forestal production, as well as agricultural modernization. Substrate and nutrient solution formulae and their application are the core of soilless culture technique. Based on the classification system of soilless culture, the types, advantages and scope of application of substrate formulae for growing vegetables and flowers in soilless culture, as well as the types, advantages and scope of application of nutrient solution formulae, and the regulation of nutrient solution ingredients are first systematically summarized in this paper; then, the advantages and disadvantages of the inorganic energy-intensive soilless culture and eco-organic soilless culture, and their scopes of application are analyzed; finally, research directions for further perfecting soilless culture technique are presented, and the outlook for the application of soilless culture is also provided.展开更多
在荷兰温室以园艺研究所黄瓜营养液配方为对照进行盆栽试验,通过改变营养液中钙素的含量与营养液的浓度研究钙对黄瓜产量与品质(可溶性蛋白、Vc、硝酸盐含量、有机酸以及可溶性糖)的影响。结果表明:1.2Ca含量处理的株高、茎粗有明显优势...在荷兰温室以园艺研究所黄瓜营养液配方为对照进行盆栽试验,通过改变营养液中钙素的含量与营养液的浓度研究钙对黄瓜产量与品质(可溶性蛋白、Vc、硝酸盐含量、有机酸以及可溶性糖)的影响。结果表明:1.2Ca含量处理的株高、茎粗有明显优势,并且有最高的平均单株产量与品质水平,为最优处理,并据此调节营养液4个不同浓度梯度(EC=1.5、2.5、3.5、4.5 m S·cm^(-1))。在生长初期与开花期EC值为1.5与3.5 m S·cm^(-1)处理的株高高于其他处理,在营养生长阶段3.5 m S·cm^(-1)处理的株高/茎粗较小,植株生长健壮。3.5 m S·cm^(-1)处理的黄瓜产量最高,且经过加权平均法进行品质比较分析,其品质也优于其他处理。因此,在实际黄瓜基质栽培生产中营养液以EC3.5处理的钙水平393.176 mg·L-1生长最好,产量较高。展开更多
【目的】针对基质栽培番茄的营养液管理问题,研究了基于叶片数增长动态调控营养液供给对番茄生长、产量和品质的影响。【方法】温室基质栽培条件下,以番茄为试验材料,根据植株每增长1、2和3片叶时营养液浓度的提高幅度分别设置TR0.1（0....【目的】针对基质栽培番茄的营养液管理问题,研究了基于叶片数增长动态调控营养液供给对番茄生长、产量和品质的影响。【方法】温室基质栽培条件下,以番茄为试验材料,根据植株每增长1、2和3片叶时营养液浓度的提高幅度分别设置TR0.1（0.1 m S/cm）、TR0.2（0.2 m S/cm）和TR0.3（0.3 m S/cm）3个处理,即叶片数增长动态处理;另设常规营养液管理模式作为对照（CK）,即番茄定植至开花前、开花至第一穗果坐果、第一穗果坐果至采收结束3个生育期内供给营养液浓度分别为1.5、2.1和2.7 m S/cm。通过测定营养液总盐含量和番茄株高、茎粗、叶片数、产量、养分利用率和品质等指标对不同营养液管理方法进行评价。【结果】叶片数增长动态处理（TR0.1、TR0.2和TR0.3）营养液浓度提高频率是CK的2.0~5.6倍,且可利用的营养液总盐含量、大量元素和微量元素的总含量均表现为CK〉TR0.1〉TR0.2〉TR0.3。叶片数增长动态处理（TR0.1、TR0.2和TR0.3）和CK的茎粗和叶片数受营养液浓度提高幅度影响较小。TR0.1处理的产量和营养液养分利用率比CK分别提高了30.4%和37.7%（P〈0.05）。与CK相比,TR0.1、TR0.2和TR0.3处理的果实中硝酸盐含量和可滴定酸含量分别降低了19.4%~68.6%和16.7%~23.2%（P〈0.05）,总可溶性固形物和糖酸比分别增加了0.8%~12.9%（P〈0.05,TR0.3除外）和31.3%~34.7%（P〈0.05）,说明叶片数增长动态处理的果实品质优于CK。基于叶片数增长动态调控营养液供给的方法中,与TR0.3处理相比,TR0.1处理的株高增加7.5 cm（P〈0.05）,产量和营养液养分利用率分别提高了30.7%和29.4%（P〈0.05）;TR0.1处理果实硝酸盐含量、总可溶性固形物、可滴定酸含量和糖酸比均最高,除糖酸比外,各处理呈显著性差异。【结论】基于叶片数增长动态调控营养液浓度供给的方法优于常规基质栽培营养液管理方法,可以实现基质栽培番茄的高产优质,提高营养液养分利用率,其中每增长1片叶营养液浓度增加0.1 m S/cm的供给方法 （TR0.1）,因营养液浓度变化速率快,浓度变化幅度小,对促进番茄生长、养分吸收及增加产量、改善品质的效果最好,为供试条件下最优的营养液调控方法。展开更多
文摘Tomato seedlings were grown in substrate culture with pots. The formulation of Holland Greenhouse Horticulture Research Institute was used(as CK) and the effects of different Ca concentrations(LCa, CK and HCa)on growth, yield, and fruit quality(protein, Vitamin C, nitrates, organic acid and soluble sugar) of tomato were studied keeping concentrations of other nutrients unchanged in the nutrient solution. The results showed that parameters related to the growth of tomato(plant height and Stem diameter), changes of tomato yield per plant and quality of tomato fruits were the highest when the plants were grown at 20% Ca treatments. In the second study, increased EC concentrations of nutrient solution resulted in stronger plants with improved yields and quality. Four different concentration gradients of nutrient solution treatment were designed based on the results of the first research stage(EC=1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 m S/cm, respectively). The single tomato plant had the highest production which is 2 268.994 g/plant, when the nutrient solution strength was at EC=1.5 m S cm, whereas they have the best fruit quality when the solution strength at EC 4.5 m S/cm. This suggests the need for wide popularization of the nutrient solution formula in large areas to improve the tomato production.
文摘Soilless culture refers to the technique by which crops are grown using nutrient solution or solid substrate along with nutrient solution without natural soil. This technique has developed for more than 150 years, and plays an essential role in promoting the development of horticultural, agricultural and forestal production, as well as agricultural modernization. Substrate and nutrient solution formulae and their application are the core of soilless culture technique. Based on the classification system of soilless culture, the types, advantages and scope of application of substrate formulae for growing vegetables and flowers in soilless culture, as well as the types, advantages and scope of application of nutrient solution formulae, and the regulation of nutrient solution ingredients are first systematically summarized in this paper; then, the advantages and disadvantages of the inorganic energy-intensive soilless culture and eco-organic soilless culture, and their scopes of application are analyzed; finally, research directions for further perfecting soilless culture technique are presented, and the outlook for the application of soilless culture is also provided.
文摘在荷兰温室以园艺研究所黄瓜营养液配方为对照进行盆栽试验,通过改变营养液中钙素的含量与营养液的浓度研究钙对黄瓜产量与品质(可溶性蛋白、Vc、硝酸盐含量、有机酸以及可溶性糖)的影响。结果表明:1.2Ca含量处理的株高、茎粗有明显优势,并且有最高的平均单株产量与品质水平,为最优处理,并据此调节营养液4个不同浓度梯度(EC=1.5、2.5、3.5、4.5 m S·cm^(-1))。在生长初期与开花期EC值为1.5与3.5 m S·cm^(-1)处理的株高高于其他处理,在营养生长阶段3.5 m S·cm^(-1)处理的株高/茎粗较小,植株生长健壮。3.5 m S·cm^(-1)处理的黄瓜产量最高,且经过加权平均法进行品质比较分析,其品质也优于其他处理。因此,在实际黄瓜基质栽培生产中营养液以EC3.5处理的钙水平393.176 mg·L-1生长最好,产量较高。
文摘【目的】针对基质栽培番茄的营养液管理问题,研究了基于叶片数增长动态调控营养液供给对番茄生长、产量和品质的影响。【方法】温室基质栽培条件下,以番茄为试验材料,根据植株每增长1、2和3片叶时营养液浓度的提高幅度分别设置TR0.1（0.1 m S/cm）、TR0.2（0.2 m S/cm）和TR0.3（0.3 m S/cm）3个处理,即叶片数增长动态处理;另设常规营养液管理模式作为对照（CK）,即番茄定植至开花前、开花至第一穗果坐果、第一穗果坐果至采收结束3个生育期内供给营养液浓度分别为1.5、2.1和2.7 m S/cm。通过测定营养液总盐含量和番茄株高、茎粗、叶片数、产量、养分利用率和品质等指标对不同营养液管理方法进行评价。【结果】叶片数增长动态处理（TR0.1、TR0.2和TR0.3）营养液浓度提高频率是CK的2.0~5.6倍,且可利用的营养液总盐含量、大量元素和微量元素的总含量均表现为CK〉TR0.1〉TR0.2〉TR0.3。叶片数增长动态处理（TR0.1、TR0.2和TR0.3）和CK的茎粗和叶片数受营养液浓度提高幅度影响较小。TR0.1处理的产量和营养液养分利用率比CK分别提高了30.4%和37.7%（P〈0.05）。与CK相比,TR0.1、TR0.2和TR0.3处理的果实中硝酸盐含量和可滴定酸含量分别降低了19.4%~68.6%和16.7%~23.2%（P〈0.05）,总可溶性固形物和糖酸比分别增加了0.8%~12.9%（P〈0.05,TR0.3除外）和31.3%~34.7%（P〈0.05）,说明叶片数增长动态处理的果实品质优于CK。基于叶片数增长动态调控营养液供给的方法中,与TR0.3处理相比,TR0.1处理的株高增加7.5 cm（P〈0.05）,产量和营养液养分利用率分别提高了30.7%和29.4%（P〈0.05）;TR0.1处理果实硝酸盐含量、总可溶性固形物、可滴定酸含量和糖酸比均最高,除糖酸比外,各处理呈显著性差异。【结论】基于叶片数增长动态调控营养液浓度供给的方法优于常规基质栽培营养液管理方法,可以实现基质栽培番茄的高产优质,提高营养液养分利用率,其中每增长1片叶营养液浓度增加0.1 m S/cm的供给方法 （TR0.1）,因营养液浓度变化速率快,浓度变化幅度小,对促进番茄生长、养分吸收及增加产量、改善品质的效果最好,为供试条件下最优的营养液调控方法。
