Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based cultivation.It is imperative to underst...Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based cultivation.It is imperative to understand the influences of different upland crop planting systems on soil N_(2)O emissions.In this study,we focused on two representative rotation systems in Central China:rapeseed–rice(RR)and wheat–rice(WR).We examined the biotic and abiotic processes underlying the impacts of these upland plantings on soil N_(2)O emissions.The results revealed that during the rapeseed-cultivated seasons in the RR rotation system,the average N_(2)O emissions were 1.24±0.20 and 0.81±0.11 kg N ha^(–1)for the first and second seasons,respectively.These values were comparable to the N_(2)O emissions observed during the first and second wheat-cultivated seasons in the WR rotation system(0.98±0.25 and 0.70±0.04 kg N ha^(–1),respectively).This suggests that upland cultivation has minimal impacts on soil N_(2)O emissions in the two rotation systems.Strong positive correlations were found between N_(2)O fluxes and soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the ratio of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)to NO_(3)^(–)in both RR and WR rotation systems.Moreover,the presence of the AOA-amoA and nirK genes were positively associated with soil N_(2)O fluxes in the RR and WR systems,respectively.This implies that these genes may have different potential roles in facilitating microbial N_(2)O production in various upland plantation models.By using a structural equation model,we found that soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA gene accounted for over 50%of the effects on N_(2)O emissions in the RR rotation system.In the WR rotation system,soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA and nirK genes had a combined impact of over 70%on N_(2)O emissions.These findings demonstrate the interactive effects of functional genes and soil factors,including soil physical characteristics,available carbon and nitrogen,and their ratio,on soil N_(2)O emissions during upland cultivation seasons under rice-upland rotations.展开更多
A certain variety of non-switched polynomials provides a uni-figure representation for a wide range of linear functional equations. This is properly adapted for the calculations. We reinterpret from this point of view...A certain variety of non-switched polynomials provides a uni-figure representation for a wide range of linear functional equations. This is properly adapted for the calculations. We reinterpret from this point of view a number of algorithms.展开更多
Abstract. In this paper, we study the quotient of hypergeometric functions μα （r） in the theory of Ramanujan＇s generalized modular equation for α ∈（0, 1/2]. Several new inequalities are given for this and rela...Abstract. In this paper, we study the quotient of hypergeometric functions μα （r） in the theory of Ramanujan＇s generalized modular equation for α ∈（0, 1/2]. Several new inequalities are given for this and related functions. Our main results complement and generalize some known results in the literature.展开更多
Background: Functional tricuspid regurgitation is a challenge regarding indications for repair and proper surgical technique. Aim of the study: We reviewed our midterm results of tricuspid valve repair for functional ...Background: Functional tricuspid regurgitation is a challenge regarding indications for repair and proper surgical technique. Aim of the study: We reviewed our midterm results of tricuspid valve repair for functional regurgitation comparing pericardial strip versus ring annuloplasties. Patients and methods: From January 2008 to December 2013, we operated 59 patients (male:female, 41:18, with a mean age of 34 ± 14 years) for functional tricuspid regurgitation. Tricuspid annuloplasty was done using pericardial strip in 39 patients and ring in 20 patients. Concomitant procedures were mitral valve replacement in 66% of patients, aortic valve replacement in 5% and double valve replacement in 29%. Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected. Results: Preoperative characteristics of the two groups were similar regarding age, percentage of female patients, New York Heart Association functional class and pulmonary artery pressure. More patients with preoperative right ventricular dysfunction were found in pericardial annuloplasty group although this was not statistically significant (13 versus 5;P = 0.52). Operative times were similar in both groups. We had one mortality case (1.69%) due to low cardiac output in the pericardial group. Postoperative complications included reexploration for bleeding in one patient and chronic heart failure in another patient. The average follow up period was 3 years and it was complete in 100% of patients. Postoperative freedom from recurrent moderate tricuspid regurgitation was 90% in both groups. Conclusion: Pericardial strip annuloplasty is a simple, inexpensive, reproducible and efficient technique that has comparable results to ring annuloplasty.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0800102)the Hubei Provincial Key Research and Development Program,China(2021BCA156)。
文摘Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based cultivation.It is imperative to understand the influences of different upland crop planting systems on soil N_(2)O emissions.In this study,we focused on two representative rotation systems in Central China:rapeseed–rice(RR)and wheat–rice(WR).We examined the biotic and abiotic processes underlying the impacts of these upland plantings on soil N_(2)O emissions.The results revealed that during the rapeseed-cultivated seasons in the RR rotation system,the average N_(2)O emissions were 1.24±0.20 and 0.81±0.11 kg N ha^(–1)for the first and second seasons,respectively.These values were comparable to the N_(2)O emissions observed during the first and second wheat-cultivated seasons in the WR rotation system(0.98±0.25 and 0.70±0.04 kg N ha^(–1),respectively).This suggests that upland cultivation has minimal impacts on soil N_(2)O emissions in the two rotation systems.Strong positive correlations were found between N_(2)O fluxes and soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the ratio of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)to NO_(3)^(–)in both RR and WR rotation systems.Moreover,the presence of the AOA-amoA and nirK genes were positively associated with soil N_(2)O fluxes in the RR and WR systems,respectively.This implies that these genes may have different potential roles in facilitating microbial N_(2)O production in various upland plantation models.By using a structural equation model,we found that soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA gene accounted for over 50%of the effects on N_(2)O emissions in the RR rotation system.In the WR rotation system,soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA and nirK genes had a combined impact of over 70%on N_(2)O emissions.These findings demonstrate the interactive effects of functional genes and soil factors,including soil physical characteristics,available carbon and nitrogen,and their ratio,on soil N_(2)O emissions during upland cultivation seasons under rice-upland rotations.
文摘A certain variety of non-switched polynomials provides a uni-figure representation for a wide range of linear functional equations. This is properly adapted for the calculations. We reinterpret from this point of view a number of algorithms.
基金Supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ17A010010)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11171307,11671360)the Natural Science Foundation of the Department of Education of Zhejiang Province(Y201328799)
文摘Abstract. In this paper, we study the quotient of hypergeometric functions μα （r） in the theory of Ramanujan＇s generalized modular equation for α ∈（0, 1/2]. Several new inequalities are given for this and related functions. Our main results complement and generalize some known results in the literature.
文摘Background: Functional tricuspid regurgitation is a challenge regarding indications for repair and proper surgical technique. Aim of the study: We reviewed our midterm results of tricuspid valve repair for functional regurgitation comparing pericardial strip versus ring annuloplasties. Patients and methods: From January 2008 to December 2013, we operated 59 patients (male:female, 41:18, with a mean age of 34 ± 14 years) for functional tricuspid regurgitation. Tricuspid annuloplasty was done using pericardial strip in 39 patients and ring in 20 patients. Concomitant procedures were mitral valve replacement in 66% of patients, aortic valve replacement in 5% and double valve replacement in 29%. Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected. Results: Preoperative characteristics of the two groups were similar regarding age, percentage of female patients, New York Heart Association functional class and pulmonary artery pressure. More patients with preoperative right ventricular dysfunction were found in pericardial annuloplasty group although this was not statistically significant (13 versus 5;P = 0.52). Operative times were similar in both groups. We had one mortality case (1.69%) due to low cardiac output in the pericardial group. Postoperative complications included reexploration for bleeding in one patient and chronic heart failure in another patient. The average follow up period was 3 years and it was complete in 100% of patients. Postoperative freedom from recurrent moderate tricuspid regurgitation was 90% in both groups. Conclusion: Pericardial strip annuloplasty is a simple, inexpensive, reproducible and efficient technique that has comparable results to ring annuloplasty.
