Variation of XCO_(2) anomaly patterns in the Middle East from OCO-2 satellite data

The anthropogenic CO_(2) emission is contributed to the rapid increase in CO_(2) concentration.In the current study the anthropogenic CO_(2) emission in the Middle East(ME)is investigated using 6 years columnaveraged CO_(2) dry air mole fraction(XCO_(2))observation from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2(OCO-2)satellite.In this way,the XCO_(2) anomaly(DXCO_(2))as the detrended and deseasonalized term of OCO-2XCO_(2) product,was computed and compared to provide the direct spacebased anthropogenic CO_(2) emission monitoring.As a result,the high positive and negative DXCO_(2) values have corresponded to the major sources such as oil and gas industries,and growing seasons over ME,respectively.Consequently,the Open-source Data Inventory for Anthropogenic CO_(2)(ODIAC)emission and the gross primary productivity(GPP)were utilized in exploring the DXCO_(2) relation with human and natural driving factors.The results showed the capability of DXCO_(2) maps in detecting CO_(2) emission fluctuations in defined periods were detectible in daily to annual periods.The simplicity and accuracy of the method in detecting the man-made and natural driving factors including the main industrial areas,megacities,or local changes due to COVID-19 pandemic or geopolitical situations as well as the vegetation absorption and biomass burning is the key point that provides the environmental managers and policymakers with valuable and accessible information to control and ultimately reduce the CO_(2) emission over critical regions.