Al/Co co-doped α-Ni（OH）2 samples were prepared by either ultrasonic co-precipitation method （Sample B） or co-precipitation method （Sample A）. The crystal structure and particle size distribution of the prepared...Al/Co co-doped α-Ni（OH）2 samples were prepared by either ultrasonic co-precipitation method （Sample B） or co-precipitation method （Sample A）. The crystal structure and particle size distribution of the prepared samples were examined by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and laser particle size analyzer, respectively. The results show that Sample B has more crystalline defects and smaller average diameter than Sample A. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements indicate that Sample B has better electrochemical performance than Sample A, such as better reaction reversibility, lower charge-transfer resistance and better cyclic stability. Proton diffusion coefficient of Sample B is 1.96×10-10cm2/s, which is two times as large as that （9.78×10-11cm2/s） of Sample A. The charge-discharge tests show that the discharge capacity （308 mA·h/g） of Sample B is 25 mA·h/g higher than that of Sample A （283 mA·h/g）.展开更多
根据GB/T 12496.10-1999测定被活性炭吸附过后的亚甲基蓝溶液的吸光度来检测活性炭的吸附性能,根据吸附结果得出最佳工艺条件:磷酸法为磷酸浓度60%,活化时间120 min,活化温度500℃,收率为46.25%,亚甲基蓝吸附量为:12.0 m L/0.1g。KOH/N...根据GB/T 12496.10-1999测定被活性炭吸附过后的亚甲基蓝溶液的吸光度来检测活性炭的吸附性能,根据吸附结果得出最佳工艺条件:磷酸法为磷酸浓度60%,活化时间120 min,活化温度500℃,收率为46.25%,亚甲基蓝吸附量为:12.0 m L/0.1g。KOH/NaOH法制备活性炭最佳条件为炭化时间60 min,活化温度700℃,收率为11.66%,亚甲基蓝吸附量为11.5 m L/0.1g。结果表明磷酸法收率高,吸附效果理想,是油茶饼粕活性炭较好的制备方法。展开更多
Nanometer Cu singly doped and Cu/Al co-doped nickel hydroxides were synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted precipitation method. Their crystal structure, particle size, morphology, tap density and electrochemical performa...Nanometer Cu singly doped and Cu/Al co-doped nickel hydroxides were synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted precipitation method. Their crystal structure, particle size, morphology, tap density and electrochemical performance were investigated. The results show that the samples have a-phase structure with narrow particle size distribution. Cu singly doped nano-Ni（OH）2 contains irregular particles, while Cu/Al co-doped nano-Ni（OH）2 displays a quasi-spherical shape and has a relatively higher tap density. Composite electrodes were prepared by mixing 8% （mass fraction） nanometer samples with commercial micro-size spherical nickel. The charge/discharge test and cyclic voltammetry results indicate that the electrochemical performance of Cu/Al co-doped nano-Ni（OH）2 is better than that of Cu singly doped nano-Ni（OH）2, the former＇s discharge capacity reaches 330 mA.h/g at 0.2C, 12 mA.h/g and 91 mA.h/g larger than that of Cu singly doped sample and pure spherical nickel electrode, respectively. Moreover, the proton diffusion coefficient of Cu/Al co-doped sample is 52.3% larger than that of Cu singly doped sample.展开更多
The desulfurater(BaAl2O4) was successfully synthesized with BaCO3 and Al(OH)3 powders as raw materials by microwave sintering method.The mass loss of raw materials and the characterization of the outcome were investig...The desulfurater(BaAl2O4) was successfully synthesized with BaCO3 and Al(OH)3 powders as raw materials by microwave sintering method.The mass loss of raw materials and the characterization of the outcome were investigated by means of TG-DSC,XRD and optical microscopy.The reaction mechanism was discussed.The experimental results show that synthesized BaAl2O4 by microwave sintering method is feasible.Compared with conventional sintering method,microwave sintering is a better way to synthesize BaAl2O4 with advantages of low temperature sintering,short time sintering and high synthesis rate.展开更多
The thermal decomposition process of basic magnesium carbonate was investigated. Firstly, Basic magnesium carbonate was prepared from magnesite, and the characteristics of the product were detected by X-ray diffracti...The thermal decomposition process of basic magnesium carbonate was investigated. Firstly, Basic magnesium carbonate was prepared from magnesite, and the characteristics of the product were detected by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Subsequently, the thermal decomposition process of basic magnesium carbonate in air was studied by thermogravimetry-differential thermogravimetry （TG-DTG）. The results of XRD confirm that the chemical composition of basic magnesium carbonate is 4MgCO3·Mg（OH）2·4H2O. And the SEM images show that the sample is in sheet structure, with a diameter of 0.1-1 μm. The TG-DTG results demonstrate that there are two steps in the thermal decomposition process of basic magnesium carbonate. The apparent activation energies （E） were calculated by Flyrm-Wall-Ozawa method. It is obtained from Coats-Redfem＇s equation and Malek method that the mechanism functions of the two decomposition stages are D3 and A1.5, respectively. And then, the kinetic equations of the two steps were deduced as well.展开更多
A bone-like apatite layer consisting of nano-crystals of apatite phase was prepared on the surface of Ti- 25Nb-2Zr alloy by chemical biomimetic growth method. TiNbZr alloy specimens were first oxidized at 500 ℃ for 2...A bone-like apatite layer consisting of nano-crystals of apatite phase was prepared on the surface of Ti- 25Nb-2Zr alloy by chemical biomimetic growth method. TiNbZr alloy specimens were first oxidized at 500 ℃ for 2 h in the air. Then, they were immersed in 40 ℃ saturated NazHPO4 solution for 15 h and 25 ℃ saturated Ca （OH）2 solution for 8 h in turn for pre-calcification. The pre-calcified specimens were immersed in modified simulated body fluid up to 15 d for biomimetic growth. After common oxidization, amorphous titania and anatase were detected on the specimen surface. Except for the substantial amount of calcium and phosphorus, no new phase appeared on the pre-calcified specimens. After the coating process, it was found that the （002） orientation was the preferred orientation during the growing period of hydroxyapatite. The inorganic composition and structure of the coating are very similar to those of human thigh bone, which will be advantageous for its application as biomedical material.展开更多
At pH = 8, the complex formation process of Ni（Ⅱ） ions with FA was studied by the solubility method. FA were separated from the river Mtkvari by the adsorption-chromotographic method. The charcoal （BAU, Russia） w...At pH = 8, the complex formation process of Ni（Ⅱ） ions with FA was studied by the solubility method. FA were separated from the river Mtkvari by the adsorption-chromotographic method. The charcoal （BAU, Russia） was used as a sorbent. The old suspension of Ni（Ⅱ） hydroxide was used as the solid phase, on which was added the increasing quantity of standard solution of FA. In diluted solutions, at pH = 8.0 the dominant form of Ni（Ⅱ） is nickel dihydroxocomplex Ni（OH）2^0. It was established that in the Ni（OH）2（solid）-Ni（OH）2^0（solution）-FA2-H20 system dominates nickel dyhydroxofulvate complex with the structure 1：1, [Ni（OH）2FA]2-. The average stability constant of nickel dyhydroxofulvate complex was calculated based on experimental data flNi（OH）2FA2＂ = 5.3 × 105.展开更多
To address the increasing demands on pollution control and energy saving, the study of low-emission and high-efficiency burners has been emphasized worldwide. Swirl-induced environmental burners(EV-burners), have nota...To address the increasing demands on pollution control and energy saving, the study of low-emission and high-efficiency burners has been emphasized worldwide. Swirl-induced environmental burners(EV-burners), have notable features aligned with these requirements. In this study, an EV burner is investigated by both an ECT system and an OH-PLIF system. The aim is to detect the structure of a flame and obtain more information about the combustion process in an EV burner. 3D ECT sensitivity maps are generated for the measurement and OH-PLIF images are acquired in the same combustion zone as for the ECT measurements. The experimental images of a flame by ECT are in good agreement with the OH radical distribution pictures captured by OH-PLIF, which provide a mutual verification of the visualization method.展开更多
基金Project (10774030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (2008J1-C161) supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou City of China
文摘Al/Co co-doped α-Ni（OH）2 samples were prepared by either ultrasonic co-precipitation method （Sample B） or co-precipitation method （Sample A）. The crystal structure and particle size distribution of the prepared samples were examined by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and laser particle size analyzer, respectively. The results show that Sample B has more crystalline defects and smaller average diameter than Sample A. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements indicate that Sample B has better electrochemical performance than Sample A, such as better reaction reversibility, lower charge-transfer resistance and better cyclic stability. Proton diffusion coefficient of Sample B is 1.96×10-10cm2/s, which is two times as large as that （9.78×10-11cm2/s） of Sample A. The charge-discharge tests show that the discharge capacity （308 mA·h/g） of Sample B is 25 mA·h/g higher than that of Sample A （283 mA·h/g）.
文摘根据GB/T 12496.10-1999测定被活性炭吸附过后的亚甲基蓝溶液的吸光度来检测活性炭的吸附性能,根据吸附结果得出最佳工艺条件:磷酸法为磷酸浓度60%,活化时间120 min,活化温度500℃,收率为46.25%,亚甲基蓝吸附量为:12.0 m L/0.1g。KOH/NaOH法制备活性炭最佳条件为炭化时间60 min,活化温度700℃,收率为11.66%,亚甲基蓝吸附量为11.5 m L/0.1g。结果表明磷酸法收率高,吸附效果理想,是油茶饼粕活性炭较好的制备方法。
基金Project (10774030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (S2012010009955) supported by the Guangdong Province Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (12C232111916) supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou City of China
文摘Nanometer Cu singly doped and Cu/Al co-doped nickel hydroxides were synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted precipitation method. Their crystal structure, particle size, morphology, tap density and electrochemical performance were investigated. The results show that the samples have a-phase structure with narrow particle size distribution. Cu singly doped nano-Ni（OH）2 contains irregular particles, while Cu/Al co-doped nano-Ni（OH）2 displays a quasi-spherical shape and has a relatively higher tap density. Composite electrodes were prepared by mixing 8% （mass fraction） nanometer samples with commercial micro-size spherical nickel. The charge/discharge test and cyclic voltammetry results indicate that the electrochemical performance of Cu/Al co-doped nano-Ni（OH）2 is better than that of Cu singly doped nano-Ni（OH）2, the former＇s discharge capacity reaches 330 mA.h/g at 0.2C, 12 mA.h/g and 91 mA.h/g larger than that of Cu singly doped sample and pure spherical nickel electrode, respectively. Moreover, the proton diffusion coefficient of Cu/Al co-doped sample is 52.3% larger than that of Cu singly doped sample.
基金Project(50264001) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(QKH-J-2008-2009) supported by Guizhou Science and Technology Department, China
文摘The desulfurater(BaAl2O4) was successfully synthesized with BaCO3 and Al(OH)3 powders as raw materials by microwave sintering method.The mass loss of raw materials and the characterization of the outcome were investigated by means of TG-DSC,XRD and optical microscopy.The reaction mechanism was discussed.The experimental results show that synthesized BaAl2O4 by microwave sintering method is feasible.Compared with conventional sintering method,microwave sintering is a better way to synthesize BaAl2O4 with advantages of low temperature sintering,short time sintering and high synthesis rate.
基金Project(20876160) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The thermal decomposition process of basic magnesium carbonate was investigated. Firstly, Basic magnesium carbonate was prepared from magnesite, and the characteristics of the product were detected by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Subsequently, the thermal decomposition process of basic magnesium carbonate in air was studied by thermogravimetry-differential thermogravimetry （TG-DTG）. The results of XRD confirm that the chemical composition of basic magnesium carbonate is 4MgCO3·Mg（OH）2·4H2O. And the SEM images show that the sample is in sheet structure, with a diameter of 0.1-1 μm. The TG-DTG results demonstrate that there are two steps in the thermal decomposition process of basic magnesium carbonate. The apparent activation energies （E） were calculated by Flyrm-Wall-Ozawa method. It is obtained from Coats-Redfem＇s equation and Malek method that the mechanism functions of the two decomposition stages are D3 and A1.5, respectively. And then, the kinetic equations of the two steps were deduced as well.
文摘A bone-like apatite layer consisting of nano-crystals of apatite phase was prepared on the surface of Ti- 25Nb-2Zr alloy by chemical biomimetic growth method. TiNbZr alloy specimens were first oxidized at 500 ℃ for 2 h in the air. Then, they were immersed in 40 ℃ saturated NazHPO4 solution for 15 h and 25 ℃ saturated Ca （OH）2 solution for 8 h in turn for pre-calcification. The pre-calcified specimens were immersed in modified simulated body fluid up to 15 d for biomimetic growth. After common oxidization, amorphous titania and anatase were detected on the specimen surface. Except for the substantial amount of calcium and phosphorus, no new phase appeared on the pre-calcified specimens. After the coating process, it was found that the （002） orientation was the preferred orientation during the growing period of hydroxyapatite. The inorganic composition and structure of the coating are very similar to those of human thigh bone, which will be advantageous for its application as biomedical material.
文摘At pH = 8, the complex formation process of Ni（Ⅱ） ions with FA was studied by the solubility method. FA were separated from the river Mtkvari by the adsorption-chromotographic method. The charcoal （BAU, Russia） was used as a sorbent. The old suspension of Ni（Ⅱ） hydroxide was used as the solid phase, on which was added the increasing quantity of standard solution of FA. In diluted solutions, at pH = 8.0 the dominant form of Ni（Ⅱ） is nickel dihydroxocomplex Ni（OH）2^0. It was established that in the Ni（OH）2（solid）-Ni（OH）2^0（solution）-FA2-H20 system dominates nickel dyhydroxofulvate complex with the structure 1：1, [Ni（OH）2FA]2-. The average stability constant of nickel dyhydroxofulvate complex was calculated based on experimental data flNi（OH）2FA2＂ = 5.3 × 105.
基金sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61571189,61503137)State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs for supporting the project‘Overseas Expertise Introduction Programme for Disciplines Innovation in Universities’(ref:B13009)
文摘To address the increasing demands on pollution control and energy saving, the study of low-emission and high-efficiency burners has been emphasized worldwide. Swirl-induced environmental burners(EV-burners), have notable features aligned with these requirements. In this study, an EV burner is investigated by both an ECT system and an OH-PLIF system. The aim is to detect the structure of a flame and obtain more information about the combustion process in an EV burner. 3D ECT sensitivity maps are generated for the measurement and OH-PLIF images are acquired in the same combustion zone as for the ECT measurements. The experimental images of a flame by ECT are in good agreement with the OH radical distribution pictures captured by OH-PLIF, which provide a mutual verification of the visualization method.
