Skin Toxicity of Wufang Babu Ointment to Zebrafish

[Objectives]Using wild-type AB strain of zebrafish as experimental animal,this study investigated the damaging effect of Wufang Babu Ointment on skin cells,in order to evaluate the skin toxicity of Wufang Babu Ointment.[Methods]Wild-type AB strain of zebrafish with an age of 2 d were taken and fed in different concentrations of Wufang Babu Ointment solution for 24 h.The number of deaths in each group of zebrafish was recorded,and the mortality rate was calculated.Using Origin 8.0 software,the maximum non lethal concentration(MNLC)was simulated.Zebrafish raised in different concentrations of Wufang Babu Ointment solution for 24 h were placed under an anatomical microscope for taking photos,to analyze and calculate the incidence of skin damage in zebrafish.Based on the statistical analysis results of this indicator,the skin toxicity of Wufang Babu Ointment was evaluated.[Results]The MNLC of Wufang Babu Ointment on zebrafish was 671μg/mL;Wufang Babu Ointment can induce skin damage at the concentrations of 224μg/mL(1/3 MNLC)and 671μg/mL(MNLC).[Conclusions]Wufang Babu Ointment had certain skin toxicity to zebrafish.

Pharmacological and pharmacodynamic evaluation of original and generic calcipotriol ointments

Objective This study is aimed to investigate the differences in pharmaceutical quality and therapeutic efficacy of calcipotriol ointments between the original product and the generics.Methods We evaluated the pharmaceutical quality of the original product and the generics including pH,content and related substance,and calcipotriol stability in the matrix.Intradermal retention of calcipotriol ointments in vitro was investigated using skin of Bama miniature pig.The pharmacodynamics study was performed in psoriasis guinea pig models.Results The matrix of original product is better than the generics,and influenced the drug diffusion,stability and in vitro retention,thus resulted in the difference in pharmacodynamics.The retention amount of calcipotriol in the original product was significantly higher than that of generic B,and approximately 4 folds higher than that of generic A.All of the three ointments improved pathological indexed in psoriasis guinea pigs,and there was a significant difference between the preparation group and the model group (P =0.001).Guinea pigs in the original group had the lowest interleukin-17 level (35.7 ± 1.13 μg/ml) and Baker Score (2.70 ± 0.97) compared with generic A (37.9 ±3.3 μg/ml,3.10 ± 0.22,respectively) and generic B (39 ± 4.6μg/ml,3.80 ± 0.57,respectively),but no statistical difference was found among the three groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Difference occurs in the internal quality between the original product and the generics.The original preparation owns suitable balance between matrix stability and transdermal ability so that showes superiority in pharmaceutical properties,intradermal retention and therapeutic effect in vitro and in vivo,which suggests that more attention should be paid to the formulation and process during the research and development of the generics.The original product is recommended with priority for treatment especially at emergency.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles accelerate the healing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)-infected wounds in rabbits

Objective:To synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnONPs)and evaluate their antibacterial and wound healing effects against wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods:ZnONPs were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).A total of 18 rabbits were divided into three groups:the ZnONPs group,the gentamicin group and the control group.A wound of 3 cm^(2) was inflicted on each rabbit and contaminated with MRSA inoculum.Treatment was started from the fourth day post-surgery.Wound healing,microbiological analysis,and histopathological analysis were performed to assess the efficacy of ZnONPs ointment.Results:XRD analysis confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the ZnONPs with an average crystallite size of 29.23 nm.SEM revealed discoid-shaped ZnONPs with a rough surface and an average size of 48.36 nm.Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed the purity of ZnONPs.Moreover,the particle size ranged from 100-700 nm with a high agglomeration trend.Treatment with ZnONPs promoted MRSA-infected wound healing.In addition,ZnONPs showed a good antibacterial effect as evidenced by a dose-dependent increase in the zone of inhibition.Conclusions:ZnONPs accelerate the healing of MRSA-infected wounds.Therefore,it can be explored for the treatment of MRSA infection.

Exploring the mechanism of moist exposed burn ointment for the treatment of diabetic ulcer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

Objective:To discuss the main active components and potential mechanisms of moist burn ointment in the treat-ment of diabetic ulcer were discussed by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.Methods:Based on the TC-MSP database,the main active components and targets of MEBO were screened.The targets related to diabetic ulcers were searched from GeneCards,OMIM,PharmGkb,TTD,and DrugBank databases.The STRING 11.5 database was used to con-struct a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network to screen the core targets.The'drug-target-disease'network diagram was made in Cytoscape 3.8.2 software to screen the core active components.GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed using R language software.Finally,molecular docking was used to preliminarily verify the screening results.Results:A total of 37 active components of MEBO were screened to map 100 targets,5527 targets for diabetic ulcer dis-ease,and 77 intersection targets.PPI network topology analysis suggested that TP53,TNF,HSP90AA1 and other targets were key targets;the network diagram of ‘drug-target-disease’showed that acacetin,wogonin,quercetin,and rutaecarpine were the core active ingredients.GO function analysis mainly involved angiogenesis,ion transport,diameter regulation,cytokine receptor binding,and other processes.KEGG enrichment analysis mainly included PI3K-Akt,AGE-RAGE,and other signaling pathways.Molecular docking showed that the core active ingredients and key targets had good docking activity.Conclusion:The treatment of diabetic ulcer with MEBO is the result of multi-component,multi-target,and synergistic regulation,which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical application of MEBO and the treatment of diabetic ulcer.

Optimization of Compound Coptis Ointment Extraction through the Integration of Pharmacodynamic Indices and Orthogonal Test

[Objectives]To determine the optimal reflux extraction process conditions for Compound Coptis Ointment.[Methods]The study employed the orthogonal experimental design method and drug-sensitive disc agar diffusion method to evaluate the extraction rate,berberine hydrochloride content,and bacteriostatic ring diameter of the extract as comprehensive indices,and optimized the extraction process conditions of Compound Coptis Ointment using ethanol reflux.[Results]Based on the results of comprehensive indices,the optimal reflux extraction conditions for Compound Coptis Ointment were determined to be soaking in 1.5 times the amount of 70%ethanol for 2 h,followed by two extractions with 6 times the amount of 70%ethanol for 1 h each time.Three verification tests were conducted under the optimal process conditions.The yield of the extract was 28.32%±0.53%,the content of berberine hydrochloride was 4.68%±0.45%,and the diameter of the bacteriostatic ring was(2.5±0.2)cm.[Conclusions]The extract had higher drug content and exhibited better antibacterial effects.The optimized extraction process is simple,stable,and reliable,and can be effectively used to optimize the extraction process of Compound Coptis Ointment.

Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism of Jipei Dilong Ointment on Acute Soft Tissue Injury in Rats

[Objectives]This study was conducted to observe the therapeutic effect of Jipei Dilong Ointment on rats with acute soft tissue injury caused by heavy objects and to explore its action mechanism.[Methods]Thirty six rats were randomly divided into six groups(control group,model group,high-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-H),medium-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-M),low-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-L)and diclofenac group).Except for the Control group,other groups were subjected to modeling of acute soft tissue injury by the weight impact method.All administration was performed once a day for nine consecutive days.The local appearance score and activity disorder score were determined after soft tissue injury in rats.HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes of injured soft tissues in rats.RT-PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expressions of Bax,Bcl-2,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in injured soft tissues of rats.Western Blot was used to detect the protein expressions of MMP-9,TIMP-1,TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in injured soft tissues of rats.Results were statistically analyzed.[Results]Compared with the model group,Jipei Dilong Ointment could significantly improve the appearance symptoms such as swelling and ecchymosis in the injured area and the movement function of the affected limb(P<0.05).It could also improve the infiltration of inflammatory cells and widening of the intermuscular space caused by injury.Among them,the JP-H group and the diclofenac group had more significant curative effects.After 9 d of administration,each administration group could significantly up-regulate the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax mRNA expression level(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA expression level showed a downward trend(P>0.05).The expression level of NF-κB p65 protein in each administration group was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The protein expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 protein expression level in each administration group decreased to varying degrees.Among them,the JP-H group and diclofenac group significantly decreased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jipei Dilong Ointment has the functions of relieving pain,swelling and inflammation.It could improve the local appearance,functional activity and tissue morphology of affected limbs in rats,and has a therapeutic effect on acute soft tissue injury in rats.Its mechanism of action might be related to the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway and the regulation of Bcl-2/Bax and MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance.

Protective Effect and Molecular Mechanism of Shui People's Classic Prescription Jipei Dilong Ointment on Osteoarthritis in Rats

[Objectives]To explore the protective effect and molecular mechanism of Shui People s Classic Prescription Jipei Dilong Ointment on knee osteoarthritis in rats.[Methods]72 SPF male SD rats were divided into control group,model group,Jipei Dilong Ointment high,medium and low dose groups,and positive drug Diclofenac group,with 12 rats in each group.Except the control group,all other groups were injected with 0.2 mL of 2%papain and 0.3%L-cysteine mixture into knee joint cavity to establish osteoarthritis model,while the control group was injected with the same amount of normal saline.The Lequesne MG score was used to determine the success of the model.After successful modeling,external administration was given for 4 weeks.The histopathological changes in articular cartilage and synovium were observed by HE staining;the levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand COX-2 in serum were detected by ELISA,and the relative expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA in cartilage was detected by qRT-PCR;the relative expression of MMP-9,TIMP-1,TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB in rat cartilage was detected by Western-blot.[Results]Compared with the model group,Jipei Dilong Ointment could significantly reduce the Lequesne MG score and Mankin s score of arthritic rats(P<0.01);significantly improve the pathological changes in articular cartilage and synovium,reduce tissue edema,necrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue proliferation;reduce the expression of MMP-9 mRNA(P<0.01)in different degrees and increase the expression of TIMP-1 mRNA(P<0.01);reduce the relative expression of MMP-9,TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB protein in different degrees(P<0.01),and significantly increase the relative expression of TIMP-1 protein in cartilage(P<0.01).[Conclusions]Jipei Dilong Ointment can improve the joint injury of osteoarthritis rats,and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1.

Simultaneous Determination of Six Components in Wanjinxiang Shushuang Ointment by QAMS

[Objectives]To regulate the quality of Wanjinxiang Shushuang Ointment through simultaneously quantifying menthol,camphor,1,8-cineole,linalool,borneol and caryophyllene oxide by QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker).[Methods]The method was performed using an Agilent DB-WAX(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm)polyethylene glycol chromatographic column;with nitrogen employed as a carrier gas.The constant pressure was 4.73 psi;and the injection temperature was 240℃,with a shunt ratio:of 10:1;The hydrogen flame ion detector with a detector temperature of 240℃;the injection volume was 0.3μL.To verify the accuracy and applicability of QAMS,the results were compared with those obtained using the internal standard method(naphthalene).[Results]In Wanjinxiang Shushuang Ointment,menthol,camphor,1,8-cineole,linalool,borneol,caryophyllene oxide and naphthalene were well separated by the same chromatography with good linearity in their respective ranges(R≥0.9992).The average recoveries were 99.66%,101.03%,98.07%,98.24%,101.39%,and 103.39%with RSD s of 0.69%,1.52%,1.25%,1.94%,1.44%,and 2.74%,respectively.The QAMS is similar to the internal standard method.[Conclusions]This simple,accurate method with high precision,separation and reproducibility can serve as a reference for the quality control of Wanjinxiang Shushuang Ointment.

Multi-Symptom Relief for Cough & Cold: Benefits of Adding Vicks VapoRub to the Treatment Regimen

Background: The common cold is inarguably a multi-symptom syndrome. Thus, patients commonly use several medicinal products simultaneously to treat a range of co-existing clinical manifestations. Topical ointments with medicated vapours are a popular and effective treatment for the relief of various respiratory tract symptoms. Vicks VapoRub (VVR), a paraffin-based therapeutic ointment containing levomenthol, eucalyptus oil, turpentine oil and camphor, is frequently combined with other cough and cold treatments. However, little is known about which medications are commonly taken together and how patients experience the combined efficacy. Methods: A 20-question online survey to assess habits and beliefs amongst cold sufferers was conducted using the Toluna Start platform. A total of 1513 adults that had suffered from a cold or mild COVID-19 infection in the preceding 12 months were recruited from five European countries. Results: Most cold sufferers combined VVR with other cold medicines, such as paracetamol (75.9%), multi-symptom relief (MSR) products (64.0%) or nasal decongestants (57.0%) to treat their symptoms. VVR was mainly used topically, at night, and on days 3 - 4 of the disease. The addition of VVR to the treatment regimen was perceived as highly effective at relieving multiple cold symptoms. Furthermore, improved sleep and a free breathing sensation were attributed to VVR when used in combination with other cold remedies. Statements on VVR regarding effectiveness, sleep, sleep + effectiveness, speed of action and user satisfaction were agreed upon by a total of 74.8% to 88.3% of panellists. Conclusion: Our survey confirms that in Europe, VVR is commonly used as part of a regimen to manage cold symptoms, and contributes to better overall perceived relief as part of a multi-facetted treatment approach. Prospective clinical data are needed to further confirm these results.

Effect of Zangfu ointment and massage therapy on functional constipation:a protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Introduction:Functional Constipation(FC)is a type of functional bowel disease that is in Clinically characterized by dysportia,decreased frequency of bowel movements,or incomplete bowel movements in the absence of irritable bowel syndrome syndrome,at least 6 months before diagnosis,and symptoms within the last 3 months.At present,commonly used drugs include enema and suppositories,laxatives,microecological preparations,gastrointestinal motility drugs and other treatments.However,the effect is limited.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment of FC has advantages.Methods:In this randomized controlled study,244 eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a treatment group(Zangfu ointment and massage therapy+Lactulose Oral Liquid)and a control group(Lactulose Oral Liquid)for 14 days.Number of spontaneous defecation per week and First defecation time will be used as primary outcomes,and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome scores and syndrome scores,PAC-QOL form will be used as secondary outcomes.Blood routine,liver function,and renal function will be used as safety outcomes.The primary and secondary outcomes will be performed at 0th,7th,and 14th day,and the safety outcomes will be performed at 0th and 14th day.Ethics and dissemination:Ethical approval has been obtained from the Committee on Health Research Ethics of the Fangshan Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing,People's Republic of China(FZY LK-2020-010)on September 18,2020.All patients will be provided oral and written information about the trial before screening.The study results will be disseminated by peer-review publications and conference presentations.Trial registration number:ChiCTR2000038754(registered on April 14,2021).This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial license,which permits others to distribute,remix,adapt,build upon this work non-commercially,and license their derivative works on different terms,provided the original work is properly cited,appropriate credit is given,any changes made indicated,and the use is non-commercial.STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY(1)The efficacy of the Zangfu ointment and massage therapy is evaluated in a randomised,double-blind 2-week clinical trial in FC patients.(2)Form a complete and generalizable regimen for the treatment of FC(Qi stagnation)with the Zangfu ointment and massage therapy.

Efficiency and safety evaluation of Baimai ointment for alleviating hypermyotonia following cerebral infarction

Baimai ointment has Shujin and Huoluo efficiency. It has been confirmed by basic pharmacodynamic experiments that Baimai ointment has some therapeutic effects on stroke. However, the detailed evaluations of Baimai ointment on clinically treating stroke patients for function recovery are still insufficient with little reports. OBJECTIVE： To observe the efficiency and safety of Baimai ointment on alleviating hypermyotonia following cerebral infarction DESIGN： A randomized, parallel and controlled experiment. SETTING： Department of Neurology, Beijing Aerospace General Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 120 patients with acute front-cycle cerebral infarction were selected from Department of Neurology, Beijing Aerospace General Hospital from July to December 2006 and met the diagnosis criteria modified by Forth National Seminar on Cerebrovascular Disease. The experiment had got confirmed consent from local ethic committee. All 120 patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into experimental group （n =80; 32 in the acute phase, 32 in the recovery phase and 16 in the sequela phase） and control group （n =40; 16 in the acute phase, 16 in the recovery phase and 8 in the sequela phase）. METHODS： Within 4 weeks after the patients were enrolled in this study, no other traditional Chinese medicines containing similar components were adopted besides routine supporting therapy. The Baimai ointment being consisted of jianghuang, Roudoukou, Gansong, Yangqishi, Gancao, She, shannai, Zanghuixiang, Zangchangpu, Huajiao and dianhua was used by trial group （20 g/ampoule, Tibet Lingzhiqizheng Tibetan Drug Factory; batch number： 050403）, 2-3 times per day, the ointment was moderately coated traveling parts of Baimai. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The evaluation of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS）, Modified Rankin Scale and Modified Ashworth Scale were performed before administration, 2 and 4 weeks after administration. RESULTS： All 120 patients with acute front-cycle cerebral infarction were involved in the final analysis. ① Evaluation of therapeutic effects： After 4 weeks, the comparison of overall muscular tension and muscular tension in acute phase between the two groups （acute phase, chronic phase and recovery phase） demonstrated that the experimental group improved significantly （Z = - 2.25, - 2.06, P 〈 0.05）. After 2 weeks, the change of muscular tension was not significantly different from baseline （P 〉 0.05）. Whereas after 4 weeks, the change of muscular tension in acute phase was significantly different from baseline （P 〈 0.05）; however, the change of muscular tension in recovery phase and sequelae phase was not significantly different from baseline （P 〉 0.05）. After the treatment, the overall NIHSS and disability score of both groups did not change significantly （P 〉 0.05）. ② Adverse reaction and side effect： There were two adverse events in experimental groups. One patient underwent petechia, and the symptom disappeared following stopping medication which did not reappear after remedication. The other patient complained of a pain coming from the place where the medication was used, and the symptom went away without treatment. Two cases of adverse events were not significantly correlated with the usage of medication, so both of which could not be confirmed to be adverse reactions. CONCLUSION： Baimai ointment achieves some therapeutic effects on treating hypermyotonia of cerebral infarction patients, especially significantly preventing the hypermyotonia in acute phase with good safety.

美宝湿润烧伤膏治疗儿童烧伤98例体会

儿童特别是幼儿由于好奇、好动特性,又缺乏判断和自我保护能力,家庭生活中常常发生热液等所致的烧伤。2004年1月-2006年6月,我院对收治的98例儿童烧伤患者用美宝湿润烧伤膏（moist exposed burn ointment,MEBO）治疗,效果满意,现报告如下。

Study on effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction and ointment on chronic eczema

Objective:To study the effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction and ointment on chronic eczema.Methods:DNCB acetone solution was used to sensitize the skin of back and ears of 36 rats in order to establish chronic eczema model.A total of 36 rats were divided into four groups of 9 randomly including oral medicine group,external inunctum group,combination therapy group,and model control group respectively.Besides,the blank group of 4 healthy rats were set.The oral medicine group was given Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction [(Poria cocos,Chinese yam,Cortex dictamni,Zaocys dhumnade,Rhizoma atractylodis,Pericarpium citri reticulatae,Scutellaria baicalensis,Radix Sophorae Flavescentis,Raw Radix Paeoniae Alba,Licorice roots(Northwest Origin)] by gastric infusion(1.6 g/m L·5 m L/d); the external inunctum group was given Qingpeng ointment on the skin,the combination therapy group was given Jianpi Chushi decoction by gastric infusion and Qingpeng ointment combination therapy.The model control group was given normal saline(NS) of the same volume by gastric infusion and vaseline on skin.Continuous administration 15 d and stopped for 3 d.The thickness difference and weight difference of left and right ear of every group were measured and the degree of ear swelling were evaluated.The CD4^+ and CD8^+ content and the IL-2,IL-4 level of serum were detected,and the inflammatory cells counts of back skin were recorded.Results:After treatment,the degree of ear swelling of oral medicine group,external inunctum group and combination therapy group significant decreased compared with model control group(P<0.05).The CD4^+,CD8^+ cell content and IL-2 level of oral medicine group,external inunctum group,combination therapy group and model control group significant decreased compared with blank group,and IL-2 level and the inflammatory cells count increased.After 15 d of treatment,the CD4^+,CD8^+ cell content and IL-2 level of serum of oral medicine group,external inunctum group and combination therapy group raised and the IL-4 level and the inflammatory cells count had significant decreased compared with model control group,and the effect of combination therapy group was more obvious(P<0.05).Conclusions:Qral Jianpi Chushi decoction could treat chronic eczema effectively,and oral Chinese medicine combined with ointment could enhance and speed up the efficacy.

Treating aplasia cutis congenita in a newborn with the combination of ionic silver dressing and moist exposed burn ointment: A case report

BACKGROUND Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) in newborns is a condition in which congenital defects or hypoplasia is present in part of the epidermis,dermis and even subcutaneous tissue (including muscle and bones).First reported by Cordon in 1767,ACC is a rare disease with a low incidence of 1/100000 to 3/10000.Currently,there are 500 cases reported worldwide.ACC can be accompanied by other malformations.The onset mechanism of the disease remains unknown but is thought to be correlated to factors such as genetics,narrow uterus,foetal skin and amniotic membrane adhesion,use of teratogenic drugs in early pregnancy and viral infection.CASE SUMMARY In August 2018,we treated a newborn with ACC on the left lower limbs using a combination of ionic silver dressing and moist exposed burn ointment (MEBO) and achieved a satisfactory treatment outcome.The skin defects were observed on the external genitals and on areas from the left foot to 3/4 of the upper left side.Subcutaneous tissue and blood vessels were observed in the regions with skin defects.The following treatments were provided.First,the wound was rinsed with 0.9% sodium chloride solution followed by disinfection with povidone-iodine twice.And then MEBO was applied to the wound at a thickness of approximately 1 mm.After applying ionic silver dressing,the wound was covered with sterile gauze.The wound dressing was replaced every 2-3 d.At the 4-mo follow-up,the treatment outcome was satisfactory.There was minimal scar tissue formation,and limb function was not impaired.CONCLUSION The combination of ionic silver dressing and MEBO to ACC is helpful.

Preliminary pharmacological evaluation of Martynia annua Linn leaves for wound healing

Objective:To evaluate the wound healing potential of fractions from ethanol extract of Martynin annua(M.annua) Linn leaves.Methods:Ethanol extract of Af.annua Linn leaves was fractionate into three different fractions(MAF-A,MAF-B and MAF-C) which were screened for wound healing potential using two models:excision and incision on rats.The thin layer chromatography(TLC) profile of all fractions were analysed and TLC of luteolin was also done.The PovidoneIodine Ointment was used as reference for comparision.Excision and incision wounds were created on dorsal portion of rats for study.Wound contraction,biochemical parameters(protein level and hydroxyproline level) and histopathological study were performed in excision wound model whereas incision model was used for determination of tensile strength.Results:The wound contraction and tensile strength of skin tissues were observed significantly greater in MAF-C fraction treated group than other two fractions(P<0.01).In excision wound method(on day 18) protein content and hydroxyproline were found significantly higher in MAF-C group than control group(P<0.01).Histopathological study also showed better angiogenesis,matured collagen fibres and fibroblast cells as compared with the control group.Conclusions:In conclusion, our findings suggest that fiaction MAF-C from ethanol extract of M.annua leaves is found most effective in wound healing.

Wound healing effect of flavonoid rich fraction and luteolin isolated from Martynia annua Linn,on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Objective:To evaluate wound healing potential of flavonoid fractions of Martynia annua (M.annua) Linn,leaves in diabetic rats on the basis of folkloric information and preliminary study.Methods:The flavonoid compound luteolin and apigenin were isolated from dried leaves of plant by column chromatography.The two concenlrations(0.2%and 0.5%w/w) of luteolin and flavonoid fraction were selected for topically applied as ointment on diabetic wound. The Povidone Iodine Ointment USP was used as a reference.On 18th days,protein content, hydroxyproline and antioxidants(SOD,CAT and GSH) level in granuloma tissues were determined. Results:The results showed that,percent wound contraction were observed significantly(P【0.01) greater in MAF fraction and 0.5%w/w of luteolin treatment groups.Presence of matured collagen fibres and fibroblasts with better angiogenesis were observed in histopathological studies. Conclusions:In conclusion,our findings suggest that flavonoid fraction(MAF) and luteolin(0.5% w/w) may have potential benefit in enhancing wound healing in diabetic condition,possibly due to Gee-radical scavenging activity of plant.

Simultaneous determination of steroid drugs in the ointment via magnetic solid phase extraction followed by HPLC-UV

The copper-coated iron oxide nanoparticles with core-shell were produced by deposition of a Cu shell on Fe3 O4 NPs through reduction of Cu2 tions in solution using NaB H4. Subsequently, the organosulfur compound, bis-（2,4,4-trimethylpentyl）-dithiophosphinic acid（b-TMP-DTPA）, was used to form self-assembled monolayer in order to modify sorbent＇s surface via covalent bonding between Cu and thiol（–SH）terminal groups. The prepared magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR） spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission electron microscope（TEM）, vibrating sample magnetometer（VSM） and thermo gravimetric analysis（TGA）. Then, the application of this new sorbent was investigated to extract the steroid drugs in ointment samples with the aid of ultrasound. An external magnetic field was applied to collect the magnetic nanoparticles（MNPs）. The extracted analytes were desorbed using acetonitrile. The obtained extraction solution was analyzed by HPLC-UV. The main affecting factors on the extraction efficiency including p H, sonication time, amount of sorbent, salt concentration, and desorption conditions were optimized in detail. Under the optimum conditions, good linearity was obtained in the range of 2.5–250.0 mg/L with reasonable linearity（R24 0.99） and the limits of detection（LODs） ranged between 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L（based on S/N ？ 3）.Repeatability（intra-day precision） based on five replicates and preconcentration factors were calculated to be 3.6%–4.7% and 87–116, respectively. Relative recoveries in ointment samples at two spiked levels of the target analytes were obtained in the range of 90.0%–103.2%. The results illustrated that the Fe3 O4@Cu@ b-TMP-DTPA NPs have the capability of extraction of steroid drugs from ointment samples.

Clinical Observation on Treatment of Moderate and Severe Periodical Mastalgia with TCM Hot-wet Compress Therapy

[Objectives] To observe the clinical therapeutic efficacy of local hot-wet compress therapy of digestion ointment prescription on the patients with moderate and severe mastalgia. [Methods] Firstly,60 patients with mastalgia were selected,and divided into the experimental group and control group( 30 cases for each group). The control group was treated with acupuncture at distal point,and the experimental group was treated with TCM local hot-wet compress therapy combined with acupuncture at distal point. Then,the clinical therapeutic efficacy of two groups was compared. [Results]The experimental group was superior to the control group in relieving the breast pain,improving emotional integral,reducing breast lumps,improving lump texture,and improving TCM syndrome integral( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions]The digestion ointment prescription local hot-wet compress therapy has a significant therapeutic effect on treatment of mastalgia and can significantly improve the breast pain symptom of patients.