An Approach to Detect Structural Development Defects in Object-Oriented Programs

Structural development defects essentially refer to code structure that violates object-oriented design principles. They make program maintenance challenging and deteriorate software quality over time. Various detection approaches, ranging from traditional heuristic algorithms to machine learning methods, are used to identify these defects. Ensemble learning methods have strengthened the detection of these defects. However, existing approaches do not simultaneously exploit the capabilities of extracting relevant features from pre-trained models and the performance of neural networks for the classification task. Therefore, our goal has been to design a model that combines a pre-trained model to extract relevant features from code excerpts through transfer learning and a bagging method with a base estimator, a dense neural network, for defect classification. To achieve this, we composed multiple samples of the same size with replacements from the imbalanced dataset MLCQ1. For all the samples, we used the CodeT5-small variant to extract features and trained a bagging method with the neural network Roberta Classification Head to classify defects based on these features. We then compared this model to RandomForest, one of the ensemble methods that yields good results. Our experiments showed that the number of base estimators to use for bagging depends on the defect to be detected. Next, we observed that it was not necessary to use a data balancing technique with our model when the imbalance rate was 23%. Finally, for blob detection, RandomForest had a median MCC value of 0.36 compared to 0.12 for our method. However, our method was predominant in Long Method detection with a median MCC value of 0.53 compared to 0.42 for RandomForest. These results suggest that the performance of ensemble methods in detecting structural development defects is dependent on specific defects.

OBJECT-ORIENTED FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND PROGRAMMING IN VC++

The design of finite element analysis program using object-oriented programming (OOP) techniques is presented. The objects, classes and the subclasses used in the programming are explained. The system of classes library of finite element analysis program and Windows-type Graphical User Interfaces by VC + + and its MFC are developed. The reliability, reusability and extensibility of program are enhanced. It is a reference to develop the large-scale, versatile and powerful systems of object-oriented finite element software.

An Object-Oriented Robot Programming and Simulation System

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Exploration on 5E Teaching Principle-based Education for the Object-oriented Software Construction Course

Most current object-oriented programming courses offered by domestic colleges and universities generally focus on the object-oriented programming language itself,i.e.,the programming grammar of the language,but ignore the design pattern.However,design patterns are essential to software engineering because they can solve common problems in software design and improve code reuse,readability,extensibility,and reliability.Our Object-oriented Software Construction Course is creative since it aims at cultivating students’object-oriented thinking as well as basic abilities required to construct high-quality,object-oriented software.Specifically,we exploit the 5E teaching principle during the education of this course,and present the whole pipeline in the paper.We also provide one case of the factory pattern to further demonstrate the implementation of the 5E teaching principle in the course.The effect of the 5E teaching principle has also been demonstrated.

Detecting Design Patterns in Object-Oriented Program Source Code by Using Metrics and Machine Learning

Detecting well-known design patterns in object-oriented program source code can help maintainers understand the design of a program. Through the detection, the understandability, maintainability, and reusability of object-oriented programs can be improved. There are automated detection techniques;however, many existing techniques are based on static analysis and use strict conditions composed on class structure data. Hence, it is difficult for them to detect and distinguish design patterns in which the class structures are similar. Moreover, it is difficult for them to deal with diversity in design pattern applications. To solve these problems in existing techniques, we propose a design pattern detection technique using source code metrics and machine learning. Our technique judges candidates for the roles that compose design patterns by using machine learning and measurements of several metrics, and it detects design patterns by analyzing the relations between candidates. It suppresses false negatives and distinguishes patterns in which the class structures are similar. As a result of experimental evaluations with a set of programs, we confirmed that our technique is more accurate than two conventional techniques.

OOP的封装性在Java中的试验研究

文章分析了面向对象编程(Object Oriented Programming,OOP)的封装性在Java中的具体应用,并进行了试验分析。试验结果表明,将OOP中的属性和方法用数据库的实体关系图(Entity Relationship Diagram,ERD)表示出来,再用Java封装就能很好地表示抽象的OOP封装性,通过用Java进行验证得出了实体名即Java的类名、属性名即实例变量名、insert语句即输入方法、select语句即输出方法、关系即处理方法的编程公式,程序运行结果与该公式完全一致。

Automatic Generation of UML Class Diagrams for Object-oriented Design and Programing Course

UML Class diagram generation from textual requirements is an important task in object-oriented design and programing course.This study proposes a method for automatically generating class diagrams from Chinese textual requirements on the basis of Natural Language Processing(NLP)and mapping rules for sentence pattern matching.First,classes are identified through entity recognition rules and candidate class pruning rules using NLP from requirements.Second,class attributes and relationships between classes are extracted using mapping rules for sentence pattern matching on the basis of NLP.Third,we developed an assistant tool integrated into a precision micro classroom system for automatic generation of class diagram,to effectively assist the teaching of object-oriented design and programing course.Results are evaluated with precision,accuracy and recall from eight requirements of object-oriented design and programing course using truth values created by teachers.Our research should benefit beginners of object-oriented design and programing course,who may be students or software developers.It helps them to create correct domain models represented in the UML class diagram.

VISUAL SIMULATION OF COLD ROLL-FORMING BASED ON OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

To simulate the process of cold roll-forming process, a new method isadopted. The theoretical foundation of this method is an elastic-plastic large deformation splinefinite strip method based on object-oriented programming. Combined with the computer graphicstechnology, the visual simulation of cold roll-forming is completed and the system is established.By analyzing common channel steel, the process is shown and explained including theory method, modeland result display. So the simulation system is already a kind of mature and effective tool toanalyze the process of cold roll forming.

Finite Element Structural Analysis UsingObject-Oriented Techniques

This paper describes the object-oriented implementational method of finite element structural analysis, gives the basic concepts of the object-oriented method and objectoriented programming, develops a complete class hierarchy structure of object-oriented finite element structural analysis, and gives a part C+ + code description.

Implementation of Heat Treatment Process Simulation with Object-Oriented Method

In this paper, mathematical models and FEA formulation for implementing heat treatment process simulation were given out. The various coupling effects were treated. The object-oriented methodology of developing heat treatment simulation was explored. The framework of simulating programs was outlined. The main C++ classes were developed, some important member functions were implemented. The present research work shows that using object-oriented method can greatly reduce the amount of coding. The programs are clear in conception, easy to test, modify and expand. By using the methodology introduced in this paper, one heat treatment process three dimensional simulation tool was developed.

Applying Object-oriented Simulation to the Development of FMS Control Software

The approach of control software development based on simulation is discussed. A library of object classes for a flexible manufacturing system(FMS) simulation has been developed using the technology of object-oriented programming. Using the library, the simulation software of a FMS which has the same manufacturing logic with the FMS control system can be easily constructed. A new approach in the development of FMS control software based on software reuse and an emulator of the blade FMS control system for testing control software have also been developed.

Reliability Modelling and Analysis of Satellite Propulsion System Based on Reliability Block Diagram and Extended Object-Oriented Petri Net

Modern satellite propulsion systems are generally designed to fulfill multiphase-missions.Traditional reliability modelling methods have problems of inadequate depict capacity considering complex systems such as satellite propulsion system.An extended object-oriented Petri net(EOOPN)method was proposed to facilitate the reliability modelling of satellite propulsion system in the paper.The proposed method was specified for modelling of phased mission system,and it could be implemented by generating combination of Petri net(PN)principles and object-oriented(OO)programming.The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated through the reliability modelling of a satellite propulsion system with EOOPN.The major advantage of the proposed method is that the dimension of net model can be reduced significantly,and phased mission system at system,phase,or component levels can be respectively depicted.Furthermore,the state-space explosion problem is solved by the proposed EOOPN model efficiently.

Object-Oriented Finite Element Analysis of Metal Working Processes

Recently an object-oriented approach has been applied in the fields of finite element analysis with a view to treating the various complexities within these. It has been demonstrated that finite element software designed using an object-oriented approach can be significantly more robust than traditional codes. This paper describes a special kind of implementation of object-oriented programming which is rather hybrid in nature, in the development of a finite element code for engineering analysis of metal working problems using C++, and discusses the advantages of this approach.

OOP技术在γ全谱仪软件设计中的应用

作者在本文中对传统的结构化程序设计思想与面向对象的程序设计思想进行了比较 ,具体说明 OOP技术在γ全谱仪软件设计中的应用。

基于ANSYS的OOP技术进行门式刚架结构优化设计

轻钢结构在施工周期、结构适用性上与传统建筑产品相比,具备明显的优势。对门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构来说,因其节省钢材而被广泛使用,但是不合理的建筑尺寸往往会导致结构用钢量的增加,所以结构的轻型化对该类型建筑结构系统有着重要的意义。文章运用有限元理论以及有限元分析软件ANSYS基于面向对象程序设计技术对某工业厂房门式刚架进行实例分析,结构优化数学建模并作了结构分析,得出了结构优化次数、结构用钢量及截面尺寸的关系,并根据分析结果提出了合理优化设计的建议。

面向对象编程方法在Cotex-M3内核芯片程序开发中的应用

以某自动校时电子钟项目为例,在Cotex-M3内核芯片上采用面向对象编程方法分析项目的业务需求,提取业务逻辑的共性内容,并创建应用程序类。借鉴嵌入式操作系统时间片任务调度的方法,得到一种新的嵌入式项目编程解决方案,在无操作系统的微控制单元(Micro Control Unit,MCU)上实现时间片调度应用程序对象,用以提升程序的条理性,增强代码的可移植性和复用性,便于程序的扩展。

基于 OOP 方法的民用航空港停机位管理系统的设计

通过采用完全的ＯＯＰ方法开发民用航空港机位管理系统的实践，给出了ＯＯＰ方法的一般概念、ＶＦＰ的面向对象机制及实现技术。

OOP在网上商城系统开发中的应用

OOP是一种计算机编程架构,它提供了一种自下而上的新编程理念,它提供了一种认知和表示世界的思想和方法,通过设计针对不同任务的"类",使程序具有较高的可读性、可拓展性、安全性及稳定性,也使编程更加富有人性化。文章在理解网上商城系统功能及数据需求的基础上,使用OOP对系统功能及数据进行抽象,抽象出类及接口,然后用代码实现。为类似系统开发提供了一个新思路。

用面向对象的程序设计(OOP)方法设计通用子类建造MIS

以设计“增、删、修、存、弃”记录维护子类为例，给出了一个建造 Ｍ Ｉ Ｓ通用子类的方法，利用这些通用子类，可避免各基本子类的重复设计，以减少 Ｍ Ｉ Ｓ建设中的工作量，体现了可视化的 Ｏ Ｏ Ｐ设计方法的优越性。

OOP的继承性在各种编程语言中的试验研究

笔者通过对面向对象编程(OOP)技术中的继承性在C++、VB.NET、JAVA和C#语言中应用的对比试验研究,分析了它们在OOP继承性上的语法区别和影响OOP继承性的各种相关因素。试验结果表明,虽然这四种编程语言语法各不相同,但都能体现不同的抽象层次,使父类的字段和方法用于子类,能轻松地自定义子类,并从抽象到具体形成类的继承体系。