Multiple Tin Compounds Modified Carbon Fibers to Construct Heterogeneous Interfaces for Corrosion Prevention and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

Currently,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials with specific functions and capable of withstanding harsh environments is becoming increasingly urgent.Multi-component interface engineering is considered an effective means to achieve high-efficiency EMW absorption.However,interface modulation engineering has not been fully discussed and has great potential in the field of EMW absorption.In this study,multi-component tin compound fiber composites based on carbon fiber(CF)substrate were prepared by electrospinning,hydrothermal synthesis,and high-temperature thermal reduction.By utilizing the different properties of different substances,rich heterogeneous interfaces are constructed.This effectively promotes charge transfer and enhances interfacial polarization and conduction loss.The prepared SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF composites with abundant heterogeneous interfaces have and exhibit excellent EMW absorption properties at a loading of 50 wt%in epoxy resin.The minimum reflection loss(RL)is−46.74 dB and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth is 5.28 GHz.Moreover,SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF epoxy composite coatings exhibited long-term corrosion resistance on Q235 steel surfaces.Therefore,this study provides an effective strategy for the design of high-efficiency EMW absorbing materials in complex and harsh environments.

Research status and prospects of the fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces

As a mathematical analysis method,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe irregular shapes with self-similar or self-affine properties.Fractal analysis has been used to characterize the shapes of metal materials at various scales and dimensions.Conventional methods make it difficult to quantitatively describe the relationship between the regular characteristics and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces.However,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe the shape characteristics of metal materials and to establish the quantitative relationships between the shape characteristics and various properties of metal materials.From the perspective of two-dimensional planes and three-dimensional curved surfaces,this paper reviews the current research status of the fractal analysis of metal precipitate interfaces,metal grain boundary interfaces,metal-deposited film surfaces,metal fracture surfaces,metal machined surfaces,and metal wear surfaces.The relationship between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces is summarized.Starting from three perspectives of fractal analysis,namely,research scope,image acquisition methods,and calculation methods,this paper identifies the direction of research on fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces that need to be developed.It is believed that revealing the deep influence mechanism between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces will be the key research direction of the fractal analysis of metal materials in the future.

Advanced Functional Electromagnetic Shielding Materials:A Review Based on Micro‑Nano Structure Interface Control of Biomass Cell Walls

Research efforts on electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials have begun to converge on green and sustainable biomass materials.These materials offer numerous advantages such as being lightweight,porous,and hierarchical.Due to their porous nature,interfacial compatibility,and electrical conductivity,biomass materials hold significant potential as EMI shielding materials.Despite concerted efforts on the EMI shielding of biomass materials have been reported,this research area is still relatively new compared to traditional EMI shielding materials.In particular,a more comprehensive study and summary of the factors influencing biomass EMI shielding materials including the pore structure adjustment,preparation process,and micro-control would be valuable.The preparation methods and characteristics of wood,bamboo,cellulose and lignin in EMI shielding field are critically discussed in this paper,and similar biomass EMI materials are summarized and analyzed.The composite methods and fillers of various biomass materials were reviewed.this paper also highlights the mechanism of EMI shielding as well as existing prospects and challenges for development trends in this field.

基于OPC UA的分布式数据采集处理系统架构研究

随着物联网与互联网融合的不断深化,感知层与应用层之间的互联互通要求不断提高。针对现有数据采集系统存在的规范性、扩展性和适应性不足的问题,文章提出一套基于对象连接与嵌入过程控制统一架构(object linking and embedding for process control unified architecture,OPC UA)协议的分布式数据采集处理系统架构。对数据采集处理系统各个模块进行功能解耦和架构重组,分别介绍该系统硬件和软件架构;针对发布订阅模式下负载的特异性,提出一种改进的适用于OPC UA分布式订阅的负载均衡算法;最后在某车企实例验证该系统架构。结果表明,基于OPC UA的分布式数据采集处理系统数据采集处理效果良好,证明了该系统架构的可行性及有效性。

基于OPC UA的虚实结合实验设计与实践

OPCUA是一种面向未来的工业通信技术,是实现智能制造的关键技术之一,在工业网络系统中得到越来越广泛的应用。为促进教学资源同步技术发展,以OPCUA技术为出发点,设计了基于OPCUA通信的客户端仿真、系统虚拟仿真、实践操作三个进阶实验项目。项目开发充分利用行业已有客户端测试软件和虚拟仿真软件资源,兼顾线上、线下学习,内容由基础到综合、虚实结合,旨在提升学生新技术应用能力和自主创新能力,更好地服务于智能制造转型升级和发展,为相关专业的实践教学及资源开发提供参考。

基于OPC UA的纤维缠绕机信息模型开发和应用

为实现对复合材料纤维缠绕机生产过程的监测,以缠绕机及其辅助设备为研究对象,针对实际加工设备的多样性造成的加工数据采集的异构性,基于OPC UA建立缠绕机的信息模型架构。根据OPC基金会发布的OPC UA规范和相关的行业标准,建立纤维缠绕机系统的信息模型和实例化。基于开源项目open62541,导入编译后的缠绕机的信息模型代码,自定义开发出符合使用规范的OPC UA服务器,然后利用UA客户端实现对服务器的连接,客户端能够通过服务器查询系统的加工数据,解决加工数据的异构性问题以达到监测缠绕机生产加工过程的目的;最后验证了建立的纤维缠绕机信息模型能够正确导入到开源项目open62541中,实现了加工数据监测。

OPC技术下MATLAB与组态王的水箱研究

当使用上位机软件来处理双容水箱等工业问题时,功能往往难以达到工业自动化的标准。然而,MATLAB优秀的工程计算特性使得它成为理想的选择。使用OPC技术来处理这个问题,并且经过实验,能够实现组态王和MATLAB之间的实时数据交换。

蒲金口服液对宫内感染/炎症致早产脑损伤大鼠脑组织OL、OPC细胞凋亡和Nogo-A、OMgp表达的影响

目的探讨蒲金口服液对宫内感染/炎症致早产脑损伤大鼠神经保护作用的机制。方法将80只胎龄<22 d的早产仔鼠随机分为8组(每组10只):早期药物干预组(蒲金口服液高剂量组、蒲金口服液低剂量组、银杏叶提取物组、模型组)和晚期药物干预组。生后21 d龄进行神经行为学检测,并采用qRT-PCR和Western blot方法检测勿动蛋白-A(Nogo-A)和少突胶质细胞髓磷脂糖蛋白(OMgp)的表达,TUNEL法和A2B5、CNPase双标免疫荧光染色法检测少突胶质细胞(OL)、前体细胞(OPC)凋亡情况。结果LPS组早产仔鼠脑组织Nogo-A和OMgpmRNA和蛋白的表达均明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),蒲金口服液高剂量、低剂量和银杏叶提取物干预组大鼠的神经行为学评分均优于模型组(P<0.05),且早期干预组高于晚期干预组(P<0.05)。蒲金口服液高剂量、低剂量和银杏叶提取物均能降低早产脑损伤大鼠脑组织Nogo-A、OMgp mRNA和蛋白的表达,减少OL和OPC的凋亡(P<0.05),其中蒲金口服液高剂量早期干预效果更显著(P<0.05)。结论蒲金口服液可以改善早产脑损伤大鼠的神经行为学表现,减少脑组织Nogo-A、OMgp的表达和OL、OPC的凋亡,具有神经保护的作用。

基于OPCE理念的无机化学专创融合教学模式研究

为培养适应社会发展要求的高素质应用型人才,许昌学院化工与材料学院秉承“开放·实践·创新教育”(OPCE,Open,Practical and Creative Education)理念,将无机化学课程知识教育和创新创业教育深度融合,构建了无机化学专创融合教学模式。该课程教学模式的实施培养了学生的创新精神、创业意识和创新创业能力,进而提高了我院应用型人才的培养质量。本文总结了无机化学专创融合教学模式建设的经验,以期为地方高校专创融合课程建设和应用型人才培养提供一定启示。

基于OPC通信协议的采煤机远程监控系统研究

为了解决井下综采工作面自动化设备种类繁多、不同硬件之间通信协议不统一的问题,从软件的角度出发,开发了一种基于OPC通信协议的服务器。该服务器能够集成多种通信协议,如Modbus、Fins等,以实现井下不同设备之间的数据信息交换和协调。通过集成Modbus/TCP通信协议开发了采煤机远程监控系统,并进行了一系列相关测试。实验结果表明,开发的OPC服务器及采煤机远程监控系统可以实现采煤机的实时监控。

Interface Engineering of Titanium Nitride Nanotube Composites for Excellent Microwave Absorption at Elevated Temperature

Currently,the microwave absorbers usually suffer dreadful electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)performance damping at elevated temperature due to impedance mismatching induced by increased conduction loss.Consequently,the development of high-performance EMWA materials with good impedance matching and strong loss ability in wide temperature spectrum has emerged as a top priority.Herein,due to the high melting point,good electrical conductivity,excellent environmental stability,EM coupling effect,and abundant interfaces of titanium nitride(TiN)nanotubes,they were designed based on the controlling kinetic diffusion procedure and Ostwald ripening process.Benefiting from boosted heterogeneous interfaces between TiN nanotubes and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS),enhanced polarization loss relaxations were created,which could not only improve the depletion efficiency of EMWA,but also contribute to the optimized impedance matching at elevated temperature.Therefore,the TiN nanotubes/PDMS composite showed excellent EMWA performances at varied temperature(298-573 K),while achieved an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)value of 3.23 GHz and a minimum reflection loss(RLmin)value of−44.15 dB at 423 K.This study not only clarifies the relationship between dielectric loss capacity(conduction loss and polarization loss)and temperature,but also breaks new ground for EM absorbers in wide temperature spectrum based on interface engineering.

INTERFACE BEHAVIOR AND DECAY RATES OF COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES SYSTEM WITH DENSITY-DEPENDENT VISCOSITY AND A VACUUM

In this paper,we study the one-dimensional motion of viscous gas near a vacuum,with the gas connecting to a vacuum state with a jump in density.The interface behavior,the pointwise decay rates of the density function and the expanding rates of the interface are obtained with the viscosity coefficientμ(ρ)=ρ^(α)for any 0<α<1;this includes the timeweighted boundedness from below and above.The smoothness of the solution is discussed.Moreover,we construct a class of self-similar classical solutions which exhibit some interesting properties,such as optimal estimates.The present paper extends the results in[Luo T,Xin Z P,Yang T.SIAM J Math Anal,2000,31(6):1175-1191]to the jump boundary conditions case with density-dependent viscosity.

Mg/MgO interfaces as efficient hydrogen evolution cathodes causing accelerated corrosion of additive manufactured Mg alloys:A DFT analysis

The corrosion rates of additive-manufactured Mg alloys are higher than their as-cast counterparts,possibly due to increased kinetics for the hydrogen evolution reaction on secondary phases,which may include oxide inclusions.Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy demonstrated that MgO inclusions could act as cathodes for Mg corrosion,but their low conductivity likely precludes this.However,the density of state calculations through density functional theory using hybrid HSE06 functional revealed overlapping electronic states at the Mg/MgO interface,which facilitates electron transfers and participates in redox reactions.Subsequent determination of the hydrogen absorption energy at the Mg/MgO interface reveals it to be an excellent catalytic site,with HER being found to be a factor of 23x more efficient at the interface than on metallic Mg.The results not only support the plausibility of the Mg/MgO interface being an effective cathode to the adjacent anodic Mg matrix during corrosion but also contribute to the understanding of the enhanced cathodic activities observed during the anodic dissolution of magnesium.

A Review of Contact Electrification at Diversified Interfaces and Related Applications on Triboelectric Nanogenerator

The triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)can effectively collect energy based on contact electrification(CE)at diverse interfaces,including solid–solid,liquid–solid,liquid–liquid,gas–solid,and gas–liquid.This enables energy harvesting from sources such as water,wind,and sound.In this review,we provide an overview of the coexistence of electron and ion transfer in the CE process.We elucidate the diverse dominant mechanisms observed at different interfaces and emphasize the interconnectedness and complementary nature of interface studies.The review also offers a comprehensive summary of the factors influencing charge transfer and the advancements in interfacial modification techniques.Additionally,we highlight the wide range of applications stemming from the distinctive characteristics of charge transfer at various interfaces.Finally,this review elucidates the future opportunities and challenges that interface CE may encounter.We anticipate that this review can offer valuable insights for future research on interface CE and facilitate the continued development and industrialization of TENG.

Degradable magnesium alloy suture promotes fibrocartilaginous interface regeneration in a rat rotator cuff transosseous repair model

Despite transosseous rotator cuff tear repair using sutures is widely accepted for tendon-bone fixation,the fibrocartilaginous enthesis regeneration is still hardly achieved with the traditional sutures.In the present work,degradable magnesium(Mg)alloy wire was applied to suture supraspinatus tendon in a rat acute rotator cuff tear model with Vicryl Plus 4±0 absorbable suture as control.The shoulder joint humerus-supraspinatus tendon complex specimens were retrieved at 4,8,and 12 weeks after operation.The Mg alloy suture groups showed better biomechanical properties in terms of ultimate load to failure.Gross observation showed that hyperplastic response of the scar tissue at the tendon-bone interface is progressively alleviated over time in the both Mg alloy suture and Vicryl suture groups.In the histological analysis,for Mg alloy suture groups,chondrocytes appear to proliferate at 4 weeks postoperatively,and the tendon-bone interface showed an orderly structural transition zone at 8 weeks postoperatively.The collagenous fiber tended to be aligned and the tendon-bone interlocking structures apparently formed,where transitional structure from unmineralized fibrocartilage to mineralized fibrocartilage was closer to the native fibrocartilaginous enthesis.In vivo degradation of the magnesium alloy wire was completed within 12 weeks.The results indicated that Mg alloy wire was promising as degradable suture with the potential to promotes fibrocartilaginous interface regeneration in rotator cuff repair.

Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Thermal Infrared Stealth in PVTMS@MWCNT Nano‑Aerogel via Abundant Nano‑Sized Cavities and Attenuation Interfaces

Pre-polymerized vinyl trimethoxy silane(PVTMS)@MWCNT nano-aerogel system was constructed via radical polymerization,sol-gel transition and supercritical CO_(2)drying.The fabricated organic-inorganic hybrid PVTMS@MWCNT aerogel structure shows nano-pore size(30-40 nm),high specific surface area(559 m^(2)g^(−1)),high void fraction(91.7%)and enhanced mechanical property:(1)the nano-pore size is beneficial for efficiently blocking thermal conduction and thermal convection via Knudsen effect(beneficial for infrared(IR)stealth);(2)the heterogeneous interface was beneficial for IR reflection(beneficial for IR stealth)and MWCNT polarization loss(beneficial for electromagnetic wave(EMW)attenuation);(3)the high void fraction was beneficial for enhancing thermal insulation(beneficial for IR stealth)and EMW impedance match(beneficial for EMW attenuation).Guided by the above theoretical design strategy,PVTMS@MWCNT nano-aerogel shows superior EMW absorption property(cover all Ku-band)and thermal IR stealth property(ΔT reached 60.7℃).Followed by a facial combination of the above nano-aerogel with graphene film of high electrical conductivity,an extremely high electromagnetic interference shielding material(66.5 dB,2.06 mm thickness)with superior absorption performance of an average absorption-to-reflection(A/R)coefficient ratio of 25.4 and a low reflection bandwidth of 4.1 GHz(A/R ratio more than 10)was experimentally obtained in this work.

Unraveling the Fundamental Mechanism of Interface Conductive Network Influence on the Fast‑Charging Performance of SiO‑Based Anode for Lithium‑Ion Batteries

Progress in the fast charging of high-capacity silicon monoxide(SiO)-based anode is currently hindered by insufficient conductivity and notable volume expansion.The construction of an interface conductive network effectively addresses the aforementioned problems;however,the impact of its quality on lithium-ion transfer and structure durability is yet to be explored.Herein,the influence of an interface conductive network on ionic transport and mechanical stability under fast charging is explored for the first time.2D modeling simulation and Cryo-transmission electron microscopy precisely reveal the mitigation of interface polarization owing to a higher fraction of conductive inorganic species formation in bilayer solid electrolyte interphase is mainly responsible for a linear decrease in ionic diffusion energy barrier.Furthermore,atomic force microscopy and Raman shift exhibit substantial stress dissipation generated by a complete conductive network,which is critical to the linear reduction of electrode residual stress.This study provides insights into the rational design of optimized interface SiO-based anodes with reinforced fast-charging performance.

OPC技术在RobotStudio与PLC通讯上的应用

针对ABB机器人离线编程调试软件RobotStudio无法与PLC直接通讯的问题,采用RobotStudio与PLC基于OPC技术通讯的方法,即添加OPC客户端功能,将RobotStudio中的焊接门架位置参数与机器人姿态参数通过OPC服务器软件KEPServerEX经以太网传输给PLC,并通过PLC进行焊接门架的参数化控制。经仿真测试,该方案成功解决了RobotStudio与PLC的通讯问题。

Construction of Dynamic Alloy Interfaces for Uniform Li Deposition in Li-Metal Batteries

It is well accepted that a lithiophilic interface can effectively regulate Li deposition behaviors,but the influence of the lithiophilic interface is gradually diminished upon continuous Li deposition that completely isolates Li from the lithiophilic metals.Herein,we perform in-depth studies on the creation of dynamic alloy interfaces upon Li deposition,arising from the exceptionally high diffusion coefficient of Hg in the amalgam solid solution.As a comparison,other metals such as Au,Ag,and Zn have typical diffusion coefficients of 10-20 orders of magnitude lower than that of Hg in the similar solid solution phases.This difference induces compact Li deposition pattern with an amalgam substrate even with a high areal capacity of 55 mAh cm^(-2).This finding provides new insight into the rational design of Li anode substrate for the stable cycling of Li metal batteries.

Plasma-assisted aerogel interface engineering enables uniform Zn^(2+)flux and fast desolvation kinetics toward zinc metal batteries

The poor reversibility of Zn anodes induced by dendrite growth,surface passivation,and corrosion,severely hinders the practical applicability of Zn metal batteries.To address these issues,a plasmaassisted aerogel(PAG)interface engineering was proposed as efficient ion transport modulator that can simultaneously regulate uniform Zn^(2+)flux and desolvation behavior during battery operation.The PAG with ordered mesopores acted as an ion sieve to homogenize Zn deposition and accelerate Zn^(2+)flux,which is favorable for corrosion resistance and dendrite suppression.Importantly,the plasma-assisted aerogel with abundant hydrophilic groups can facilitate the desolvation kinetics of Zn^(2+)due to the multiple hydrogen-bonding interaction with the activated water molecules,thus accelerating the Zn^(2+)migration kinetics.Consequently,the Zn/Zn cell assembled with PAG-modified separator demonstrates stable plating and stripping behavior(over 1400 h at 1 mA cm^(-2))and high Coulombic efficiency(99.8%at1 mA cm^(-2)after 1100 cycles),and the Zn‖MnO_(2)full cell shows excellent long-term cycling stability and maintains a high capacity of 154.9 mA h g^(-1)after 1000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).This study provides a feasible approach for the large-scale fabrication of aerogel functionalized separators to realize ultra-stable Zn metal batteries.