目的:对比2015年美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics,ACMG)和分子病理学会(Association for Molecular Pathology,AMP)发布的变异解读标准与指南(本文中简称2015 ACMG/AMP指南)与2018年...目的:对比2015年美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics,ACMG)和分子病理学会(Association for Molecular Pathology,AMP)发布的变异解读标准与指南(本文中简称2015 ACMG/AMP指南)与2018年临床基因组资源中心(Clinical Genome Resource,ClinGen)耳聋专病小组针对遗传性听力损失(hearing loss,HL)发布的变异解读指南专家规范(本文中简称2018HL专病指南)在评估听神经病患者OTOF基因变异致病性中的异同。方法:以38例OTOF基因变异听神经病患者作为研究对象(男23例、女15例,年龄范围0.3~25.9岁),经全基因组重测序、全外显子组测序或目标区域靶向(Panel)测序结合一代Sanger测序验证,38例听神经病患者均检出携带两个以上OTOF变异位点,共计59个候选位点,分别使用2015ACMG/AMP指南以及2018HL专病指南对其致病性进行判断。与2015年指南判断结果相比,2018年指南判断的致病性等级更强定义为升级,更弱定义为降级。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:2015 ACMG/AMP指南和2018 HL专病指南的变异分类一致率为72.9%(43/59)。致病性升级变异位点占13.6%(8/59),致病性降级变异位点占13.6%(8/59)。两指南致病性判定不一致主要集中在PVS1、PM3、PP2、PP3以及PP5等级证据的应用上。剪接变异、错义变异、框内插入/缺失以及同义变异致病性分布发生改变,其中剪接变异改变差异具有统计学意义(P=0.013)。结论:针对听神经病患者OTOF基因变异进行致病性判断时,2018HL专病指南与2015ACMG/AMP指南存在不一致,2018HL专病指南对证据进行删减及进一步细分,打破常规对于变异类型的固化思维,使得致病性分级更有迹可循,提高可信度。展开更多
The pathogenic factors of deafness are complex;more than 50%of cases are caused by genetic factors.Between 75%and 80%of cases of hereditary hearing impairment are autosomal recessive,15%to 25%are autosomal dominant,an...The pathogenic factors of deafness are complex;more than 50%of cases are caused by genetic factors.Between 75%and 80%of cases of hereditary hearing impairment are autosomal recessive,15%to 25%are autosomal dominant,and 1%to 2%are mitochondrial or X-linked.Cochlea implantation is the main method for treating severe and extremely severe bilateral sensorineural deafness and it is widely used in clinical treatment.As clinical cases of cochlea implantation accumulate,differences in the efficacy of implantation in individuals are emerging and attracting attention.In addition to residual hearing level,implantation age,and other factors,gene mutation is an important factor influencing postoperative rehabilitation in patients.With continuous progress in genetic testing technology for deafness,genetic diagnosis has become an important tool in preoperative evaluation and postoperative effect prediction in patients undergoing cochlear implantation.This article reviews the current status and future development of cochlear implantation in the treatment of hereditary deafness resulting from mutations in common deafness-causing genes.展开更多
文摘目的:对比2015年美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics,ACMG)和分子病理学会(Association for Molecular Pathology,AMP)发布的变异解读标准与指南(本文中简称2015 ACMG/AMP指南)与2018年临床基因组资源中心(Clinical Genome Resource,ClinGen)耳聋专病小组针对遗传性听力损失(hearing loss,HL)发布的变异解读指南专家规范(本文中简称2018HL专病指南)在评估听神经病患者OTOF基因变异致病性中的异同。方法:以38例OTOF基因变异听神经病患者作为研究对象(男23例、女15例,年龄范围0.3~25.9岁),经全基因组重测序、全外显子组测序或目标区域靶向(Panel)测序结合一代Sanger测序验证,38例听神经病患者均检出携带两个以上OTOF变异位点,共计59个候选位点,分别使用2015ACMG/AMP指南以及2018HL专病指南对其致病性进行判断。与2015年指南判断结果相比,2018年指南判断的致病性等级更强定义为升级,更弱定义为降级。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:2015 ACMG/AMP指南和2018 HL专病指南的变异分类一致率为72.9%(43/59)。致病性升级变异位点占13.6%(8/59),致病性降级变异位点占13.6%(8/59)。两指南致病性判定不一致主要集中在PVS1、PM3、PP2、PP3以及PP5等级证据的应用上。剪接变异、错义变异、框内插入/缺失以及同义变异致病性分布发生改变,其中剪接变异改变差异具有统计学意义(P=0.013)。结论:针对听神经病患者OTOF基因变异进行致病性判断时,2018HL专病指南与2015ACMG/AMP指南存在不一致,2018HL专病指南对证据进行删减及进一步细分,打破常规对于变异类型的固化思维,使得致病性分级更有迹可循,提高可信度。
文摘The pathogenic factors of deafness are complex;more than 50%of cases are caused by genetic factors.Between 75%and 80%of cases of hereditary hearing impairment are autosomal recessive,15%to 25%are autosomal dominant,and 1%to 2%are mitochondrial or X-linked.Cochlea implantation is the main method for treating severe and extremely severe bilateral sensorineural deafness and it is widely used in clinical treatment.As clinical cases of cochlea implantation accumulate,differences in the efficacy of implantation in individuals are emerging and attracting attention.In addition to residual hearing level,implantation age,and other factors,gene mutation is an important factor influencing postoperative rehabilitation in patients.With continuous progress in genetic testing technology for deafness,genetic diagnosis has become an important tool in preoperative evaluation and postoperative effect prediction in patients undergoing cochlear implantation.This article reviews the current status and future development of cochlear implantation in the treatment of hereditary deafness resulting from mutations in common deafness-causing genes.
