Combining the basic theory of regional economics and economics of development,the sustainable development capability of regional economy is expounded;the meaning of sustainable development,the connotation of the susta...Combining the basic theory of regional economics and economics of development,the sustainable development capability of regional economy is expounded;the meaning of sustainable development,the connotation of the sustainable development of regional economy and the specific qualitative of the developmental capability of regional economy are introduced.Various factors that affect the sustainable development of regional economy,such as the sustainable capability of resources,innovation ability and institutional capability,are analyzed at length.On the basis,the evaluation index system of sustainable development capability of regional economy,so as to provide directions for regional economy from the long-term perspective.展开更多
To categorize the nations to reflect the development status, to date, there are many conceptual frameworks. The Human Development index (HDI) that is published by the United Nations Development Programme is widely acc...To categorize the nations to reflect the development status, to date, there are many conceptual frameworks. The Human Development index (HDI) that is published by the United Nations Development Programme is widely accepted and practiced by many people such as academicians, politicians, and donor organizations. However, though the development of HDI has gone through many revisions since its formulation in 1990, even the current version of the index formulation published in 2016 needs research to better understand and to gap-fill the knowledge base that can enhance the index formulation to facilitate the direction of attention such as release of funds. Therefore, in this paper, based on principal component analysis and K-means clustering algorithm, the data that reflect the measures of life expectancy index (LEI), education index (EI), and income index (II) are analyzed to categorize and to rank the member states of the UN using R statistical software package, an open source extensible programming language for statistical computing and graphics. The outcome of the study shows that the proportion of total eigen value (i.e., proportion of total variance) explained by PCA-1 (i.e., first principal component) accounts for more than 85% of the total variation. Moreover, the proportion of total eigen value explained by PCA-1 increases with time (i.e., yearly) though the amount of increase with time is not significant. However, the proportions of total eigen value explained by PCA-2 and PCA-3 decrease with time. Therefore, the loss of information in choosing PCA-1 to represent the chosen explanatory variables (i.e., LEI, EI, and II) may diminish with time if the trend of increasing pattern of proportion of total eigen value explained by PCA-1 with time continues in the future as well. On the other hand, the correlation between EI and PCA-1 increases with time although the magnitude of increase is not that significant. This same trend is observed in II as well. However, in contrast to these observations, the correlation between PCA-1 and LEI decreases with time. These findings imply that the contributions of EI and II to PCA-1 increase with time, but the contribution of LEI to PCA-1 decreases with time. On top of these, as per Hopkins statistic, the clusterability of the information conveyed by PCA-1 alone is far better than the clusterability of the information conveyed by PCA scores (i.e., PCA-1, PCA-2, and PCA-3) and the explanatory variables. Therefore, choosing PCA-1 to represent the chosen explanatory variables is becoming more concrete.展开更多
The evaluation system of R＆D project beforehand, in the course and afterwards embodies the principle and standard of the cycle economy, which can not only avoid the negative effects caused, by the utilization of the ...The evaluation system of R＆D project beforehand, in the course and afterwards embodies the principle and standard of the cycle economy, which can not only avoid the negative effects caused, by the utilization of the achievements of R＆D project in the industry but also point out the direction and criterion of R＆D activities for the enterprises, which also provides the ＂model＂ that can be used for reference for maintaining the durable competitiveness of the enterprises.展开更多
客观评价海洋经济可持续发展能力是合理开发海洋资源、发展海洋经济的主要依据。根据科学性、系统性、层次性、可操作性和定性与定量相结合等原则,结合浙江省实际,首先构建了包括海洋资源禀赋力、海洋环境治理力、海洋产业发展力和海洋...客观评价海洋经济可持续发展能力是合理开发海洋资源、发展海洋经济的主要依据。根据科学性、系统性、层次性、可操作性和定性与定量相结合等原则,结合浙江省实际,首先构建了包括海洋资源禀赋力、海洋环境治理力、海洋产业发展力和海洋科技支撑力等4个方面共计33个指标组成的浙江省海洋经济可持续发展能力综合评价指标体系。其次,将灰色关联分析与分层TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution)组合成浙江省海洋经济可持续发展能力的量化模型。最后利用2004-2009年的数据进行了实证分析,并根据分析结果提出了提升可持续发展能力的相应措施。展开更多
基金Supported by National Social Science Foundation(09BMZ038)
文摘Combining the basic theory of regional economics and economics of development,the sustainable development capability of regional economy is expounded;the meaning of sustainable development,the connotation of the sustainable development of regional economy and the specific qualitative of the developmental capability of regional economy are introduced.Various factors that affect the sustainable development of regional economy,such as the sustainable capability of resources,innovation ability and institutional capability,are analyzed at length.On the basis,the evaluation index system of sustainable development capability of regional economy,so as to provide directions for regional economy from the long-term perspective.
文摘To categorize the nations to reflect the development status, to date, there are many conceptual frameworks. The Human Development index (HDI) that is published by the United Nations Development Programme is widely accepted and practiced by many people such as academicians, politicians, and donor organizations. However, though the development of HDI has gone through many revisions since its formulation in 1990, even the current version of the index formulation published in 2016 needs research to better understand and to gap-fill the knowledge base that can enhance the index formulation to facilitate the direction of attention such as release of funds. Therefore, in this paper, based on principal component analysis and K-means clustering algorithm, the data that reflect the measures of life expectancy index (LEI), education index (EI), and income index (II) are analyzed to categorize and to rank the member states of the UN using R statistical software package, an open source extensible programming language for statistical computing and graphics. The outcome of the study shows that the proportion of total eigen value (i.e., proportion of total variance) explained by PCA-1 (i.e., first principal component) accounts for more than 85% of the total variation. Moreover, the proportion of total eigen value explained by PCA-1 increases with time (i.e., yearly) though the amount of increase with time is not significant. However, the proportions of total eigen value explained by PCA-2 and PCA-3 decrease with time. Therefore, the loss of information in choosing PCA-1 to represent the chosen explanatory variables (i.e., LEI, EI, and II) may diminish with time if the trend of increasing pattern of proportion of total eigen value explained by PCA-1 with time continues in the future as well. On the other hand, the correlation between EI and PCA-1 increases with time although the magnitude of increase is not that significant. This same trend is observed in II as well. However, in contrast to these observations, the correlation between PCA-1 and LEI decreases with time. These findings imply that the contributions of EI and II to PCA-1 increase with time, but the contribution of LEI to PCA-1 decreases with time. On top of these, as per Hopkins statistic, the clusterability of the information conveyed by PCA-1 alone is far better than the clusterability of the information conveyed by PCA scores (i.e., PCA-1, PCA-2, and PCA-3) and the explanatory variables. Therefore, choosing PCA-1 to represent the chosen explanatory variables is becoming more concrete.
文摘The evaluation system of R＆D project beforehand, in the course and afterwards embodies the principle and standard of the cycle economy, which can not only avoid the negative effects caused, by the utilization of the achievements of R＆D project in the industry but also point out the direction and criterion of R＆D activities for the enterprises, which also provides the ＂model＂ that can be used for reference for maintaining the durable competitiveness of the enterprises.
文摘客观评价海洋经济可持续发展能力是合理开发海洋资源、发展海洋经济的主要依据。根据科学性、系统性、层次性、可操作性和定性与定量相结合等原则,结合浙江省实际,首先构建了包括海洋资源禀赋力、海洋环境治理力、海洋产业发展力和海洋科技支撑力等4个方面共计33个指标组成的浙江省海洋经济可持续发展能力综合评价指标体系。其次,将灰色关联分析与分层TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution)组合成浙江省海洋经济可持续发展能力的量化模型。最后利用2004-2009年的数据进行了实证分析,并根据分析结果提出了提升可持续发展能力的相应措施。
