Effects of β-Glucan Supplementation on Repairing of Phenol-Induced Vaginal Mucosal Epithelium Damage in Rats

Objective: To investigate the effects of different concentrations of β-glucan on the repair of damaged vaginal mucosa, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the inflammatory factor-6 (IL-6) in vaginal tissues. Methods: Thirty-six adult female specific pathogen free (SPF)-grade Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 phase groups with 12 rats each. Vaginal inflammation rat models were established by injecting phenol gel into the vagina of each rat at a dose of 0.1 ml/100g body weight. After modeling, rats were divided into 4 groups based on different concentrations of the test agent. The control group was injected with 0.5 ml of saline, experimental group A was injected with 0.375 ml saline 0.125 ml β-glucan, experimental group B was injected with 0.25 ml saline 0.25 ml β-glucan, and experimental group C was injected with 0.50 ml β-glucan. The injection sites were selected at the 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock positions of the vagina. Rats were sacrificed at 7-, 14-, and 28-days post-injection, and tissue samples were collected from the injection sites and prepared for histological analysis. New blood vessels and fibroblast numbers in the tissues were observed after Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression levels of VEGF and IL-6 in the tissues were measured using quantificational reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: Histological examination of vaginal tissue specimens at 7-, 14-, and 28-days post-injection showed that on day 7, there were no significant changes in the experimental groups compared to the control group. However, on days 14 and 28, the experimental groups showed more new blood vessels, macrophages, and fibroblasts with increased activity compared to the control group. The expression levels of VEGF in vaginal tissues were elevated on days 14 and 28 in the experimental groups. The comparison of IL-6 levels in vaginal tissues on day 28 showed that serum IL-6 levels returned to normal, and there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: In the 3 experimental phases, the increase in VEGF levels in vaginal tissues on day 14 post-injection was more pronounced with higher concentrations of β-glucan, and IL-6 levels returned to normal on day 28. β-Glucan can enhance VEGF levels in damaged vaginal tissues, promote the repair of damaged vaginal tissues, and higher concentrations of β-glucan have a better effect.

尿毒素硫酸吲哚酚通过OAT-3诱发HK-2细胞纤维化的作用

目的探讨尿毒素硫酸吲哚酚(IS)通过有机阴离子转运蛋白-3(OAT-3)诱发人正常肾小管上皮(HK-2)细胞氧化应激和纤维化因子的作用。方法HK-2细胞进行传代培养,待孔板中细胞密度达到80%~90%时分为空白对照组(Control组,加入培养液中正常培养不予干预)、IS处理组(IS组,加入250μmoL IS培养),两组细胞培养24 h;同时,进一步在HK-2细胞中用小干扰RNA(siRNA)沉默OAT-3的表达后提取总RNA,其浓度测定并进行RT-PCR以及Western blot试验检测氧化应激(Nox-4)及纤维化因子(Collagen I、TGF-β1、Smad-3、α-SMA)的mRNA和蛋白表达水平;最后HK-2细胞以抗氧化剂N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)预处理后,加入250μmoL IS刺激24 h,采用RT-PCR及Western blot试验检测上述指标的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果RT-PCR结果显示,HK-2细胞以250μmoL IS刺激24 h后,IS显著增加HK-2细胞中氧化应激(Nox-4)及纤维化因子(Collagen I、TGF-β1、Smad-3、α-SMA)的mRNA表达水平(P<0.05);HK-2细胞中siRNA沉默OAT-3的表达后发现,IS诱导的上述氧化应激和纤维化因子的mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05)。以NAC预处理后,HK-2细胞IS刺激24 h发现,NAC有效抑制IS诱导Nox-4、Collagen I、TGF-β1、Smad-3、α-SMA的mRNA和蛋白表达水平(P<0.05)。结论硫酸吲哚酚经OAT-3摄取到HK-2细胞内诱发氧化应激和纤维化因子高表达。

Antioxidant and Pasting Properties of Oat <i>β</i>-Glucan Hydrocolloids

Four oat β-glucan enriched hydrocolloids (Nutrim10, C-Trim20, C-Trim30, C-Trim50), oat bran concentrate (OBC), and β-Glucan95 were investigated for antioxidant and pasting properties. C-Trim30 had the highest soluble phenolic content, followed by C-Trim20. The trend of antioxidant activity was similar with that of phenolic contents. The phenolic content of the extracts increased with increasing temperatures. The highest content of soluble phenolic compounds was found at temperatures up to 100℃ for most samples regardless of solvent. Water extracts had significantly higher phenolic contents than extracts from 50% ethanol at 100℃ for all samples with the exception of C-Trim30. However, the effect of temperature and solvent concentrations was not as apparent for antioxidant activity as that observed for phenolic content. In general, the differences in three different solvents were not as apparent. Significantly higher water holding capacities were found for C-Trim30 and C-Trim50 than the other samples while β-Glucan 95 had substantially the highest paste viscosity followed by C-Trim50 and C-Trim30.

Mushroomβ-glucan and polyphenol formulations as natural immunity boosters and balancers:nature of the application

Mushrooms are experiencing a kind of renaissance as a part of the contemporary human diet.These valuable organisms are more than food,they fit in perfectly as a novel market group known as nutra-mycoceuticals.Immune-balancing mushroom dietary fibers and secondary metabolites such as polyphenols are the main focus of the healthcare industry.Wellness and cosmetic companies are increasingly using mushroom extracts rich in these ingredients.This review considers the basic molecular immunomodulatory mechanisms of action of the most commonly used mushroom dietary fibers,β-glucans.The literature data on their bioavailability,metabolic transformations,preclinical and human clinical research,and safety are discussed.Immunomodulatory mechanisms of polyphenol ingredients are also considered.These molecules present great potential in the design of the new immunity balancer formulations according to their widespread structural diversity.Finally,we draw attention to the perspectives of modern trends in mushroom nutraceutical and cosmeceutical formulations to strengthen and balance immunity.

Novel Gluten-Free Amaranth and Oat Flour Cookies Fortified with Soybean Hulls

Soybean hulls, an abundant byproduct of soybean processing, contain rich phytochemicals, fibers, proteins, and minerals. Currently soybean hulls are primarily used as animal feeds. For value-added soybean hull utilization, 25% soybean hulls were substituted for amaranth or whole oat flour (WOF) in novel gluten-free cookies. Composition, nutritional values, water-holding capacities, correlation between properties, and pasting and rheological properties of soybean hulls, amaranth, and WOF were appraised in comparison to wheat flour. Water loss, cookie texture, and geometrical properties of the cookies were examined. The results disclosed that soybean hulls, amaranth and WOF contain higher protein content, minerals, fiber, special amino acids, and critical vitamins (C and K) than wheat flour. Considerably higher total amino acid content was found in soybean hulls (18.33%) than wheat flour (12.77%). Water-holding capacities increased by replacing amaranth and WOF with soybean hulls. Soybean hulls exhibited higher rheological elastic properties than amaranth, WOF and wheat flours. The soybean hulls utilized in amaranth or WOF cookies greatly improved their nutritional value, the water retention and moisture content along with acceptable physical properties when compared to wheat flour cookies. This study explored the feasibility and potential of utilizing soybean hulls with amaranth and WOF in gluten-free bakery products and other food applications.

燕麦干草饲喂肉兔的营养价值评定

本试验旨在评定燕麦干草对肉兔的营养价值,为燕麦干草在肉兔配合饲料中的应用提供营养消化参数。试验分为2部分,燕麦干草营养成分分析和饲喂肉兔的消化参数测定。燕麦干草营养成分分析选择产自甘肃省的34个批次的燕麦干草样品进行,消化试验选择上述34个批次中代表性强(营养组成与测定均值差异较小)的燕麦干草。消化试验采用全收粪法进行:选取40只平均体重为(2.2±0.2)kg的70日龄新西兰白兔,随机分成2组,每组20只(公母各占1/2),代谢笼内单笼饲养。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂试验饲粮(85%基础饲粮+15%燕麦干草)。预试期10 d,正试期7 d。结果显示:1)燕麦干草总能以及干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙、磷、无氮浸出物、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量分别为15.33 MJ/kg、89.60%、9.71%、2.02%、12.54%、1.13%、0.21%、34.50%、30.83%、48.25%、38.87%和5.58%;肉兔对其表观消化率分别为42.51%、50.15%、56.58%、83.56%、25.12%、27.86%、20.36%、65.23%、28.87%、45.25%、30.87%和-5.86%。2)燕麦干草总氨基酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、精氨酸、半胱氨酸、组氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸含量分别为8.67%、0.53%、0.45%、0.09%、0.49%、0.12%、0.22%、0.54%、0.09%、0.43%、0.46%和0.26%;肉兔对其表观消化率分别为58.23%、60.23%、62.52%、70.12%、68.25%、65.23%、58.23%、55.24%、62.35%、54.23%、59.68%和63.25%。综上可知,与苜蓿干草相比,燕麦干草粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量偏低,粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量较高,酸性洗涤木质素含量较低,粗灰分含量偏高,钙多磷少;肉兔对燕麦干草中各营养成分的消化率存在较大差异,其中总能、干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、无氮浸出物和限制性氨基酸消化率较高,纤维组分消化率一般,粗灰分、钙、磷和非限制性氨基酸消化率偏低。

β-Glucans: Characterization, Extraction Methods, and Valorization

β-glucans are bioactive compounds with a wide range of biological properties, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-modulating properties. Due to their specific physical properties, such as (in)solubility, viscosity, and gelation, β-glucans are increasingly being used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the different types of β-glucans, their sources, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts, and the methods of extraction, isolation, and purification of β-glucans, with the aim of optimizing these methods for the efficient production process. Moreover, the physico-chemical properties, modifications, current applications and future prospects of the use of β-glucans in food, medicines, cosmetics and other potential value-added products are summarized. The data presented indicate that β-glucans will play an increasingly important role in the sector of special-purpose food products as well as in other current and future areas.

施氮量对裸燕麦源库生理特性和茎鞘NSC积累与转运的影响

为探究施氮量对燕麦源库生理特性和茎鞘间非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)积累和转运的影响,2021年和2022年选取穗粒数差异大的两个裸燕麦品种坝莜1号(穗粒数多)和定莜8号(穗粒数少)为试验材料,设置0、100和200 kg·hm^(-2)3个施氮水平,测定和分析了不同氮素供应条件下燕麦叶片光合指标、粒叶比、茎鞘NSC积累量(TMNSC)、NSC表观转运量(ATMNSC)及其对籽粒产量表观贡献率(ACNSC)的差异。结果表明,施氮对2个燕麦品种的籽粒产量具有增加效应,其中在施氮100 kg·hm^(-2)时产量最高。在100 kg·hm^(-2)施氮处理下,坝莜1号的旗叶面积、SPAD值、Pn和籽粒产量两年平均值较不施氮处理分别提高57.57%、80.70%、101.68%和40.15%,定莜8号分别提高43.70%、44.33%、69.49%和37.36%;坝莜1号的ATMNSC、ACNSC和粒叶比两年平均值较不施氮处理分别增加767.25 g、1.96倍和54.55%,定莜8号分别增加859.52 g、8.26倍和43.25%。综合以上结果,增施氮肥对两品种均有显著正向影响,坝莜1号表现出更优的源、库活性,从而获得更高的穗粒数,达到增产目的;定莜8号则表现出更优的源-库关系,增大库器官对源物质的“拉力”,促进NSC由茎鞘向籽粒的转运,弥补生育前期光合能力较弱导致的同化物质生产的不足,从而促进源库协调,提高籽粒产量。

燕麦F_(1)代杂种优势及F_(2)代遗传变异分析

为了探讨燕麦正、反交杂种后代的杂种优势及遗传变异,本研究以引进品种爱沃和国产品种陇燕5号为亲本配制正、反交组合,对其F_(1)和F_(2)代的性状进行了观测,分析了其表型差异及杂种优势,探讨了F_(2)群体的遗传变异情况。结果表明,正、反交对F_(1)代的表型和杂种优势有显著影响,正交(爱沃(♀)×陇燕5号(♂),AL5)F_(1)代比反交(陇燕5号(♀)×爱沃(♂),L5A)早熟6 d,其株高、主穗粒数、千粒重和穗下节长显著大于反交,而旗叶长宽、倒二叶长均显著小于反交(P<0.05);正、反交F_(1)主穗长的超亲优势最大,分别为41.33%和31.92%,茎粗的超亲优势分别为−45.53%和−36.92%。F_(2)群体遗传变异幅度较大,分离现象明显。分蘖数和有效分蘖数的遗传变异系数和相对遗传进度最大,株高和茎粗的广义遗传率最高。叶片数和主穗粒数在正交和反交F_(2)中的遗传变异系数较为接近,但广义遗传率和相对遗传进度差异却很大。在F_(1)代超亲优势显著的茎粗和主穗长在F_(2)呈近似正态分布,正交F_(2)群体中有6.50%的个体主穗长的超亲优势大于30.00%,而反交主穗长的最大超亲优势为23.30%。总体而言,分蘖数、有效分蘖数具有较大的选择空间,株高、茎粗、主穗长等性状可在早代进行选择♂。

高寒区氮添加和间作种植互作对燕麦和豌豆根系构型影响的研究

种间根系的相互作用是禾豆间作体系系统生产力提升的关键途径,外源氮素添加也能显著改变植物根系构型。然而,有关氮添加和间作种植方式对燕麦和豌豆根系构型影响的研究鲜有报道。基于此,本研究以燕麦和豌豆为对象,比较氮添加和不同间作种植方式对燕麦和豌豆生物量、根系形态及构型的影响。结果表明:1)高氮隔行间作燕麦地上和地下生物量最高,而高氮单播豌豆生物量最高;2)高氮隔行间作燕麦除根体积和根尖数外,其他根系形态参数显著高于单播燕麦,高氮单播豌豆的根表面积、根体积和根尖数最高,而未添加氮单播豌豆的分叉数、内部和外部连接数最高;3)高氮间作燕麦拓扑指数和分形维数较高,未添加氮单播豌豆分形维数较高;4)氮添加和间作种植可增加燕麦根体积、根表面积、外部连接数和促进侧根生长,而间作种植和氮添加却降低豌豆根系连接数、根尖数、内部连接数和抑制侧根发育。由此可见,氮添加和间作种植通过增加燕麦根系与土壤接触面积强化燕麦获取土壤的能力,进而使间作燕麦生物量快速增加,这将为燕麦和豌豆间作体系中燕麦常表现出强竞争力和积累高生物量提供直接证据。

业绩亏损 高管变动 OATLY持续发力中国市场

交出一份亏损的一季报,同时宜布高层变动,燕麦奶品牌OATLY要下怎样的棋?业绩亏损成“老大难”问题根据OATLY官网披露的2023年一季报,OATLY延续了此前的亏损状态。藏至3月31日的3个月,OATLY归属母公司股东的净亏损为7560万美元,去年同期净亏损为8750万美元;收人为1956亿美元,比去年同期增长17.7%;毛利率为17.4%,同比增长7.9%。

亏损扩大 OATLY燕麦奶降温

曾經白领阶层人手一杯的OATLY燕麦奶也开始不香了?根据OATLY最新发布的财报,2022年OATLY净亏损扩大至3.96亿美元,包括中国业务在内的亚洲市场收入也同比下降。这样的财报数据,被业内解读为OATLY燕麦奶开始降温的信号。

氮肥和钛离子对燕麦光合生理和农艺性状的影响

为提高植物对氮素的吸收利用效率,本试验以尿素和钛离子为影响因子,采用完全随机试验设计,通过测定分析燕麦净光合速率、水分利用效率等光合生理指标以及株高、分蘖、草产量等农艺性状,研究不同施肥处理对燕麦光合生理和农艺性状的影响。结果表明,氮肥显著提高了燕麦叶片气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、鲜草产量、干草产量、茎重、叶重以及叶面积指数(P<0.05),对燕麦的净光合速率的提高亦具有一定的促进作用;钛离子显著提高了燕麦净光合速率、鲜草产量、叶面积指数(P<0.05);氮肥和钛离子配合施用对燕麦的光合生理和生产性能具有协同效应,施肥方式为撒施90 kg/hm^(2)尿素+叶面喷施800倍钛离子稀释液(Ti^(4+)约4.38mg/L)时,能让燕麦产量与光合性能达到最优,适宜在燕麦牧草生产上推广应用。

燕麦不同组合正、反交杂种后代的表型及遗传参数分析

为了明确燕麦不同组合正、反交杂种后代的表型差异及遗传变异情况,本研究以福瑞至(F709)与709(709F)、牧乐思(ML2)与陇燕2号(L2M)为亲本配制正、反交组合,用简单序列重复分子标记对杂种F1代进行了鉴定,比较了正、反交杂种的表型差异,并分析了杂种F_(2)代的遗传变异及多样性。结果表明:用SSR分子标记从37个F_(1)单株中共鉴定出32个真杂种,占比86.5%。福瑞至和709、牧乐思和陇燕2号组合的F_(1)真杂种率分别为88.9%和84.2%。正、反交对杂种后代的表型有显著影响。F709-F_(1)的旗叶比反交的窄19.4%;ML2-F_(1)的主穗粒数比反交少12.2%。F_(2)群体遗传变异幅度较大。同一性状在正、反交F_(2)中的遗传变异系数(G_(cv))、广义遗传力(Hb)和相对遗传进度(ΔGt)存在显著差异。F_(2)群体株高的遗传变异系数较小(4.50%~10.27%)、广义遗传力较高(33.12%~85.41%),分蘖数和有效分蘖数的相对遗传进度较大。福瑞至和709的正、反交F2群体的穗下节长的广义遗传力是所有指标中最低的,分别为14.13%和23.81%,相对遗传进度也最小。主穗粒数的Gcv在其正、反交F_(2)中的差异最显著,在F709-F_(2)中为7.09%,反交中增至19.03%;F709-F_(2)的Hb为22.54%,反交则为66.01%。牧乐思和陇燕2号的正、反交F_(2)群体叶片数的广义遗传力最高(99.53%),几乎不受环境的影响。ML2-F_(2)旗叶宽的Hb为9.07%,其ΔG_(t)为2.79,反交中旗叶宽的Hb为30.23%,ΔGt为9.77。10对SSR引物对F2群体扩增的多态性比率达73.5%,实际杂合度为0.35~0.99,远高于期望杂合度;Nei’s基因多态性、香农指数分别为0.29~0.50和0.53~0.71,F_(2)群体分离现象明显,遗传变异幅度大,具有较大的选择空间。

新疆昌吉15个引进饲用燕麦品种的生产性能综合评价

为了筛选出适宜新疆昌吉种植的饲用燕麦(Avena sativa)品种,助力该地区畜牧业可持续发展,本研究通过田间试验对15个引进的饲用燕麦品种的生产性能进行了2年的测定,并应用灰色关联法对不同品种燕麦的产量、营养品质及饲喂价值等11个指标进行了综合评价。结果表明,灌溉条件下15个燕麦品种从播种至刈割(乳熟期)需56~77 d;灰色关联度综合排名前5的品种依次为:‘甜燕1号’(0.7307)、‘青牧3号’(0.7115)、‘草莜1号’(0.6746)、‘白燕3号’(0.6679)、‘坝燕4号’(0.6527);年均干草产量在12000 kg·hm^(-2)以上的为:‘甜燕1号’(12096.96 kg·hm^(-2))和‘青牧3号’(12143.17 kg·hm^(-2));相对饲草质量(Relative feed quality,RFQ)值在140以上的为:‘青牧3号’(148.63)、‘甜燕1号’(147.95)、‘草莜1号’(143.62)、‘甜燕70’(140.34);倒伏率30%以上的品种为:‘青牧3号’(36.25%)、‘甜燕70’(32.50%)、‘白燕3号’(32.50%)。结合品种的干草产量、品质及倒伏率,综合评价认为‘甜燕1号’‘草莜1号’和‘坝燕4号’适宜在本地区推广种植。

紫薯粉对莜麦饼干品质的影响

通过添加一定比例的紫薯粉改良莜麦饼干配方,从而提升饼干的感官评价、质构、营养成分含量等指标。通过单因素和正交试验,考察紫薯粉和莜麦粉质量比、黄油添加量以及白砂糖添加量对饼干品质的影响,进而采用验证试验比较改良前后莜麦饼干品质,并通过高分辨率质谱分析添加紫薯粉后莜麦饼干中花色苷含量的变化。根据产品的感官评分以及质构特性,得出改良后的紫薯⁃莜麦饼干的最佳配方为紫薯粉和莜麦粉质量比60∶140、黄油添加量100 g、白砂糖添加量80 g。添加紫薯粉后的莜麦饼干颜色均匀,莜麦的色泽得到改善,质构评分良好,还增添紫薯特殊的香气和风味,感官评分为84.9。改良后的紫薯⁃莜麦饼干中鉴定出20种花色苷,花色苷总含量为0.18 mg/g。

半干旱地区燕麦种子产量及其相关农艺性状

本研究选取19个燕麦(Avena sativa)品种(系)的产量相关性状指标,采用相关性分析、通径分析、灰色关联度分析以及聚类分析,探讨甘肃中部半干旱地区燕麦种子产量影响因素并筛选综合性状优良的燕麦种质。结果表明:燕麦种子产量为3 283.33~5 833.33 kg·hm^(-2),其中‘Cinskinaly’的产量最高。种子产量与千粒重、成穗数极显著正相关(P <0.01),与单株穗粒重显著正相关(P <0.05),而与株高显著负相关(P <0.05);通径分析结果表明,单株穗粒数、单株穗粒重、千粒重是决定种子产量的重要因素。聚类分析将19份燕麦材料析划分为4个类群:第Ⅰ类可作饲草资源加以筛选利用;第Ⅱ类适合作高产抗倒伏产籽型品种;第Ⅲ类为优选裸燕麦材料;而第Ⅳ类生产适应性和田间表现差,可直接淘汰。筛选出综合表现较佳的两个裸燕麦品系‘201006-01-01-9’‘201003-06-5’和1个皮燕麦品系‘201113-03-05’,可提升到甘肃省区域试验。

坝上地区莜麦秸秆热解特性研究

为实现高寒坝上地区农作物秸秆高效清洁燃烧,文章选取典型莜麦秸秆作为研究对象,通过混合气体模拟烟气燃烧过程中的热解气氛环境,采用热重分析仪研究空气和N_(2),CO_(2),O_(2)不同比例组成的混合气体氛围下热失重特性以及升温速率对其影响,采用AKTS软件进行动力学分析。结果表明:莜麦秸秆热解过程可分为干燥(30~140℃)、挥发(140~370℃)、炭化(370~900℃)3个阶段;气体氛围主要影响热解的炭化阶段,对干燥和挥发阶段影响较小;升温速率影响挥发和炭化阶段,升温速率越快,反应速率越大;当热解气氛为15%O_(2)-5%CO_(2)-80%N_(2)混合气体(气体2)时,热解过程所需活化能最少,平均活化能为139.86 kJ/mol。研究结果可为高寒坝上地区生物质秸秆能源化利用提供一定理论依据。

不同氮锌水平对燕麦生长特性和品质的影响

以燕麦(白燕2号)为实验材料,设置4个不同水平氮肥与锌肥施用量,探究不同氮锌水平对燕麦光合特性及籽粒品质的影响。研究结果表明:氮锌配施下,处理组与对照组相比燕麦株高、叶面积和产量显著增加;燕麦叶绿素含量,胞间CO_(2)浓度,净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率与对照组相比均显著增加;燕麦籽粒的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和淀粉质量分数比对照组显著提高了24.53%、14.49%和29.24%;氮锌配施是促进燕麦生长的有效方法,施氮量为16 g·m^(-2),施锌量1.50 g·m^(-2)时效果最佳,可提高燕麦光合作用效率、增加产量并改善籽粒品质。

新疆昌吉15个引进饲用燕麦品种的主要农艺性状分析

【目的】旨在探究昌吉地区引进的15个饲用燕麦品种的适应性,为该地区饲用燕麦品种的引进和利用提供科学依据。【方法】对13个供试材料的农艺性状指标进行了多样性指数分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。【结果】结果表明,供试材料各性状的多样性指数在1.36~1.96之间,品种间表型遗传多样性丰富。单株叶面积、叶茎比和叶片数的多样性指数最高,单株叶面积、穗长、单株鲜(干)草重的变异系数最大。在主成分分析中,第1主成分反映了生殖器官形态建成的构成因子,第2主成分反映了饲用燕麦的生物量因子,第3主成分反映了光合作用的主要影响因子。【结论】通过聚类分析可将所有供试材料分为3类,其中第Ⅰ类可作为早熟型饲用燕麦的品种资源;第Ⅱ类可作为高产青贮型饲用燕麦的优良品种资源;第Ⅲ类的农艺性状表现各异,其中第2亚类的“甜燕1号”各性状表现突出,可作为本研究区高产优质型饲用燕麦品种加以引进与利用。